Multiple forced rotational solutions for the planar <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-pendulum equation

This paper presents a theorem of existence of \((N - N_{0} + 1)2^{N_{0}}\) noncontractible periodic orbits of any given rotational vector with zero components for the planar forced N-pendulum equation, where N₀ denotes the number of zero components of given rotational vector. We make special arrangements for masses and length instead of the nondegenerate assumption. Moreover, for rotational vectors with identical components, similar results is also obtained.     

Stability in part of the variables of “partial” equilibria of systems with aftereffect

The problem of stability in part of the variables of a “partial” equilibrium (this means that a given part of the phase vector coordinates is zero) is considered for nonlinear nonstationary systems of functional differential equations with aftereffect. The notions of stability in part of the variables, which admit more general (compared with the known ones) assumptions about the values of the supremum-norm of the components of the initial vector function corresponding to the variables that do not determine the given equilibrium, are introduced. The stability and asymptotic stability conditions of the the type mentioned above are obtained in the context of the method of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals; this conditions allow generalization of several well-known results.     

A general solution of a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equationsxy′=f(x,y) in the case whenf y(0, 0) is the zero matrix

Summary Let there be given a system of n nonlinear ordinary differential equations of the form xy′=f(x, y). Here x is a complex variable, y is an n-column vector and f(x, y) is an n-column vector whose components are holomorphic functions of (x, y) at (0, 0) and vanish at x=0, y=0. In the case when the Jacobian matrix f_y(x, y) is reduced to the zero matrix at (0, 0), we shall study how to construct an analytic expression for a general solution under AssumptionsI andII. Entrata in Redazione il 28 ottobre 1968. This paper was partially based on MRC Technical Summary Reports Nos.641 and760 at the Mathematics Research Center, US Army, Madison, University of Wisconsin.     

Approximation of vectors fields by thin plate splines with tension

We study a vectorial approximation problem based on thin plate splines with tension involving two positive parameters: one for the control of the oscillations and the other for the control of the divergence and rotational components of the field. The existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved and the solution is explicitly given. As special cases, we study the limit problems as the parameter controlling the divergence and the rotation converges to zero or infinity. The divergence-free and the rotation-free approximation problems are also considered. The convergence in Sobolev space is studied.     

Timelike surfaces with zero mean curvature in Minkowski 4-space

On any timelike surface with zero mean curvature in the four-dimensional Minkowski space we introduce special geometric (canonical) parameters and prove that the Gauss curvature and the normal curvature of the surface satisfy a system of two natural partial differential equations. Conversely, any two solutions to this system determine a unique (up to a motion) timelike surface with zero mean curvature so that the given parameters are canonical. We find all timelike surfaces with zero mean curvature in the class of rotational surfaces of Moore type. These examples give rise to a one-parameter family of solutions to the system of natural partial differential equations describing timelike surfaces with zero mean curvature.     

Normal form for linear systems with respect to its vector relative degree

For multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linear systems with existing vector relative degree a normal form is constructed. This normal form is not only structural simple but allows to characterize the system’s zero dynamics for the design of feedback controllers. A characterization of the zero dynamics in terms of the normal form is given.     

New estimates of the stability of one-dimensional plane-parallel flows of a viscous incompressible fluid

The stability of a number of one-dimensional plane-parallel steady flows of a viscous incompressible fluid is investigated analytically using the method of integral relations. The mathematical formulation is reduced to eigenvalue problems for the Orr–Sommerfeld equation. One of three versions is chosen as the boundary conditions: all the components of the velocity perturbation are equal to zero on both boundaries of the layer (in this case we have the classical Orr–Sommerfeld problem), all the components of the velocity perturbation on one of the boundaries are equal to zero and the perturbations of the shear component of the stress vector and of the normal component of the velocity are equal to zero on the other, and all the components of the velocity perturbation are equal to zero on one boundary and the other boundary should be free. The boundary conditions derived in the latter case, are characterized by the occurrence of a spectral parameter in them. For kinematic conditions the lower estimates of the critical Reynolds number – the Joseph–Yih estimates, are improved. In the remaining cases the technique of the integral-relations method is developed, leading to new estimates of the stability. Analogs of Squire's theorem are derived for the boundary conditions of all the types mentioned above. Upper estimates of the increment of the increase in perturbations in eigenvalue problems for the Rayleigh equation with two types of boundary conditions are given.     

Order topology in vector lattices with closure by one step

An order topology in vector lattices and Boolean algebras is studied under the additional condition of “closure by one step” that generalizes the well-known “regularity” property of Boolean algebras and K-spaces. It is proved that in a vector lattice or a Boolean algebra possessing such a property there exists a basis of solid neighborhoods of zero with respect to an order topology. An example of a Boolean algebra without basis of solid neighborhoods of zero (an algebra of regular open subsets of the interval (0, 1)) is given. Bibliography: 3 titles. Translated fromProblemy Matematicheskogo Analiza, No. 15 1995, pp. 213–220.     

弱相关试验设计

将选择交换向量分量的方法引入蒙特卡诺法,向量搜索速度大大提高,构造出了m×(m-1)维弱相关设计矩阵,只要m≠4k+2,k为正整数,便都包含一个零相关子阵,试验点分布均衡分散,回归系数估计简单且相关性小.给出了一个包含7×3维零相关子阵的7×6维弱相关矩阵的例子.     

Permanental vectors

A permanental vector is a generalization of a vector with components that are squares of the components of a Gaussian vector, in the sense that the matrix that appears in the Laplace transform of the vector of Gaussian squares is not required to be either symmetric or positive definite. In addition, the power of the determinant in the Laplace transform of the vector of Gaussian squares, which is −1/2, is allowed to be any number less than zero.     

Lorentz-Minkowski空间中给定主曲率函数的旋转超曲面

给出(n,1)型orentz-Minkowski空间中给定主曲率函数的旋转类空超曲面的位置向量场,通过计算超曲面的主曲率,证明了这类超曲面的存在性.     

On the number of limit cycles of a monodromic polynomial vector field on the plane

Limit cycles of monodromic polynomial vector fields are studied. These are fields on the real plane with the unique singular point 0 whose components are polynomials and whose phase portraits are diffeomorphic to a linear focus. The number of limit cycles of such a field is estimated from above in terms of the degrees of the polynomials, the maximum of the absolute values of their coefficients, and certain characteristics of the monodromy transformation, which can be called multipliers at zero and infinity. The estimate is based on the growth and zeros theorem for holomorphic functions.     

On the asymptotics of the spectrum of a nonsemibounded vector Sturm-Liouville operator

On the half-line, we consider a vector Sturm-Liouville operator with a potential that is unbounded below. Asymptotic formulas for the spectrum are given. These formulas involve the eigenvalues of the matrix potential as well as the “rotational velocities” of the eigenvectors.     

关于向量场旋度的一个附注

若在某单连通区域V∈R3上,向量函数A是某个数量函数u的梯度,则其旋度rotA在所定义的区域上为零.本文证明了其旋度的任意两个分量在所定义的区域V上为零,另一个分量满足在区域V的边界S上为零与其三个分量在所定义的区域V上为零是等价的,解惑教学中学生的问题.     

The topology of the zero-level lines of the components of the acceleration vector in subsonic flows

The steady subsonic flow past bodies of finite dimensions, when the stream is unbounded and uniform at infinity is considered. The structure formed by the stationary points (points where both components of the acceleration vector vanishes), by the zero-level of the components of the acceleration vector emerging from them and the body past which the flow occurs is studied. It is shown that each of the above-mentioned lines must reach the surface of the body past which the flow takes place. This fact, in particular, enables one to estimate the overall number of streamlines with zero curvature emerging from the stationary points in terms of the number of zeros of the curvature of the streamlines on the body around which the flow takes place, including the branch points of a dividing streamline. With a view to refining the above mentioned number of zeros, the known solution for the neighbourhoods of the branch points of a streamline is considered and the singularity of the flow in the neighbourhoods of points of discontinuity of the curvature of the wall around which the flow occurs is investigated. In order to illustrate the above, certain properties of the flow past convex bodies are refined and a fairly broad class of so-called convex-concave bodies with zero angle of tapering of the trailing edge is constructed and considered. It is shown that, for this body, there are not more than four zeros of the curvature of the streamline and, as a consequence, there are no branch points of the isobars and isoclines in the flow field, including at infinity, an infinitely distant point is the sole stationary point and, most important of all, in the case of the flow past the given bodies the values of the circulation and the lifting force cannot vanish. The mathematical apparatus employed is based on the equations of gas dynamics constructed earlier for certain combinations of the components of the acceleration vector.     

High excursions of Bessel and related random processes

Asymptotic behavior of large excursions probabilities is evaluated for Euclidean norm of a wide class of Gaussian non-stationary vector processes with independent identically distributed components. It is assumed that the components have means zero and variances reaching its absolute maximum at only one point of the considered time interval. The Bessel process is an important example of such processes.     

Mean value theorems for solutions of linear partial differential equations

We consider generalized mean value theorems for solutions of linear differential equations with constant coefficients and zero right-hand side which satisfy the following homogeneity condition with respect to a given vectorM with positive integer components: for each partial derivative occurring in the equation, the inner product of the vector composed of the orders of this derivative in each variable by the vectorM is independent of the derivative. The main results of this paper generalize the well-known Zalcman theorem. Some corollaries are given.Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 64, No. 2, pp. 260–272, August, 1998.This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 96-01-01366.     

Asymptotic stability of solutions of a class of systems of nonlinear differential equations with delay

We study systems of differential equations with delay whose right-hand sides are represented as sums of potential and gyroscopic components of vector fields. We assume that in the absence of a delay zero solutions of considered systems are asymptotically stable. By the Lyapunov direct method, using the Razumikhin approach, we prove that in the case of essentially nonlinear equations the asymptotic stability of zero solutions is preserved for any value of the delay.     

Reflexivity of the commutant and local commutants of an algebraic operator

We show that an algebraic operator on a complex Banach space has reflexive commutant if and only if each zero of the minimal polynomial of the operator is simple. Further, for any operator, the local commutant at an eigenvector is reflexive. On the other hand, for an algebraic operator whose minimal polynomial has at least one zero that is not simple, the local commutant of the operator at a given vector is reflexive precisely when the vector is an eigenvector.