红细胞标记抗体的化学发光免疫分析

用红细胞代替辣根过氧化物酶作为双抗体夹心免疫分析中第二抗体的标记物, 建立了一种红细胞标记抗体的免疫化学发光测定乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的新方法. 在免疫反应完成后, 结合了抗原-抗体免疫复合物的致敏红细胞在低渗溶液中溶血, 释放出血红蛋白. 基于血红蛋白对鲁米诺-H2O2体系化学发光具有催化作用的原理, 采用化学发光法测定血红蛋白含量. 测得的血红蛋白发光强度与待测抗原浓度呈线性关系. 采用这种方法可检测出0.5 ng/mL的乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原. 将该方法与酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)结合起来对乙型肝炎患者血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)进行检测, 两者符合率均为97%, 表明本法具有良好的灵敏度和特异性, 可用于临床标本测试.     

化学发光酶联免疫分析检测血清中麻疹病毒抗体

化学发光酶联免疫分析检测血清中麻疹病毒抗体章竹君，邹克渭，程明洁（陕西师范大学分析科学研究所，西安，７１００６２）（陕西省卫生防疫站）关键词麻疹病毒抗体，化学发光，酶联免疫分析，辣根过氧化物酶目前在计划免疫工作中通常采用间接酶联免疫吸附分析法（ＥＬＩ...     

克山病和大骨节病患者红细胞免疫功能与血硒水平的对比研究

对潜在型克山病和大骨节病患者的红细胞免疫功能、血清红细胞免疫粘附调节因子和全血硒含量进行了检测。结果表明：克山病和大骨节病患者的红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率和全血硒含量均明显低于非病区居民，血清红细胞免疫粘附抑制率均高于非病区居民，免疫复合物花环率和血清红细胞免疫粘附促进率与非病区居民无明显差异；但两病患者上述参数之间无明显差异。提示潜在型克山病和大骨节病患者红细胞免疫功能低下，可能均与低硒状态和血清红     

高灵敏电位型免疫传感器对乙型肝炎表面抗原的诊断技术研究

以乙型肝炎表面抗原和乙型肝炎表面抗体为模型免疫蛋白，对传染病的诊断技术进行了研究. 利用吸附在铂电极表面Nafion膜中负电性的磺酸基与乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)分子中的氨基阳离子之间的静电作用实现抗体的结合，同时通过纳米金(Au)增加抗体的固定量，以及聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)薄膜的笼效应把乙型肝炎表面抗体和纳米金固定在铂电极上，从而制得高灵敏、高稳定电位型免疫传感器(PVB/Au/HBsAb/Nafion/Pt). 通过循环伏安法和交流阻抗技术考察了电极表面的电化学特性，并对该免疫传感器的性能进行了详细的研究. 该免疫传感器具有制备简单、灵敏度高、线性范围宽、响应时间快(<3 min)、稳定性好、寿命长(>4个月)、选择性高等特点，将其用于病人的血清样品分析，其结果令人满意.     

测定甲胎蛋白的非标记电位型免疫传感器

免疫分析是最重要的生物化学分析方法之一，是根据抗体与抗原或半抗原之间的专一性反应建立的分析方法，具有高度的选择性和极低的检测下限．电化学免疫传感器就是将免疫分析技术与电化学传感器相结合的一种新的免疫分析方法，具有免疫反应的高选择性和电化学分析的高灵敏性．甲脂蛋白（AFP）是人血清中含有的一种微量蛋白质，正常人血清中的含量在20ug／L以下，多种肝病都会引起甲胎蛋白含量的显著增加．甲脂蛋白能作为一种抗原与抗甲脂蛋白抗体反应，利用多克隆抗体免疫测定的甲胎蛋白总量，是临床化学检验上的一项重要指标．Aizawa等报…     

多甙颗粒剂对阿弗他溃疡患者红细胞免疫功能的调节作用

为观察多甙颗粒剂对复发性阿弗他溃疡患者治疗前后红细胞免疫功能和血清中CR1免疫调节因子活性的调节作用,采用红细胞-酵母免疫黏附法测定了235例复发性阿弗他溃疡患者RBC-c3bRR及血清中CR1免疫调节因子。结果表明,红细胞RBC-c3b受体花环率与对照组比较,组1有显著差异(P<0.01),组1与组2 RBC-c3b受体花环率对比有显著差异(P<0.01),红细胞免疫复合物花环率与对照组相比,两组均显著增高(P<0.01),CR1免疫黏附促进因子活性与对照组相比,组1组2均显著降低(P<0.01),CR1免疫黏附抑制因子活性与对照组相比,两组均增高(P<0.01)。提示复发性阿弗他溃疡患者存在红细胞免疫功能受损,多甙颗粒剂对复发性阿弗他溃疡患者的红细胞免疫功能有调节作用。     

一种pH敏感相分离高分子在免疫分析中的应用

将乙肝表面抗体与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺丙烯酸酯反应，生成丙烯酰基抗体．丙烯酰基抗体与甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺共聚，生成pH敏感的三元共聚物．三元共聚物溶解．沉淀的临界pH值为3．8．三元共聚物上的抗体能与表面抗原、酶标抗体形成夹心复合物．利用三元共聚物可逆的溶解．沉淀特性，能实现在均相条件下，进行免疫反应，在异相条件下，进行免疫复合物的分离．     

新试剂N－（β－羧基丙酰基）异鲁米诺标记抗体的研究

新化学发光免疫分析试剂Ｎ－（β－羧基丙酰基）异鲁米诺在水溶性碳二亚胺的脱水作用下，分子中的羧基与蛋白质分子中的氨基可缩合形成肽键；将其用于标记羊抗人抗体，标记率为０．２８，标记反应条件温和、时间短，标记抗体免疫活性无明显变化，基本不影响其化学发光效率．     

低硒克山病病区和非病区居民红细胞免疫功能的对比测定

对比测定了低硒克山病病区和非病区居民的红细胞免疫功能、血清红细胞免疫粘附调节因子和血硒含量。结果表明，低硒病区和非病区居民红细胞Ｃ３ｂＲ花环率和血硒水平显著低于对照非病区，而血清红细胞免疫粘附花环抑制率显著高于对照非病区；３组居民的红细胞免疫复合物花环率和血清红细胞免疫粘附花环促进率无明显差异；低硒病区和非病区居民上述各参数值均相似。研究说明，克山病病区居民红细胞免疫功能低下和血清红细胞免疫粘附抑     

免疫电化学方法测定γ干扰素

利用溴化氰把马抗人γ干扰素抗体交联在醋酸纤维微孔膜上，３７℃下经与γ干扰素样品液温育反应１ｈ后，在免疫电极上测量了抗体膜膜电位，观察到膜电位与γ干扰素浓度对数呈正比，研究了膜电位与温育反应时间关系。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.