Massless limit of transport theory for massive Fermions

We studied the begin{document}$ m = 0 $end{document} limit of different components of Wigner functions for massive fermions. Comparing with the chiral kinetic theory, we separated the vanishing and non-vanishing parts of vector and axial-vector components, up to the first order of begin{document}$ hbar $end{document}. Then, we discussed the possible physical meaning of the vanishing and non-vanishing parts and their different behaviors at thermal equilibrium.     

Massless and massive quanta resulting from a mediumlike metric tensor

We formulate a simple model of the primordial scalar field theory in which the metric tensor is a generalization of the metric tensor from electrodynamics in a medium. The radiation signal corresponding to the scalar field propagates with a velocity that is generally less thanc. This signal can be associated simultaneously with imaginary and real effective (momentum-dependent) masses. The requirement that the imaginary effective mass vanishes, which we take to be the prerequisite for the vacuumlike signal propagation, leads to the spontaneous splitting of the metric tensor into two distinct metric tensors: one metric tensor gives rise to masslesslike radiation and the other to a massive particle.     

Massless and massive one-loop three-point functions in negative dimensional approach

In this article we present the complete massless and massive one-loop triangle diagram results using the negative dimensional integration method (NDIM). We consider the following cases: massless internal fields; one massive, two massive with the same mass m and three equal masses for the virtual particles. Our results are given in terms of hypergeometric and hypergeometric-type functions of the external momenta (and masses for the massive cases) where the propagators in the Feynman integrals are raised to arbitrary exponents and the dimension of the space-time is D. Our approach reproduces the known results; it produces other solutions as yet unknown in the literature as well. These new solutions occur naturally in the context of NDIM revealing a promising technique to solve Feynman integrals in quantum field theories. Received: 14 April 2002 / Revised version: 18 July 2002 / Published online: 7 October 2002 RID="a" ID="a" e-mail: suzuki@ift.unesp.br RID="b" ID="b" e-mail: esdras@ift.unesp.br RID="c" ID="c" e-mail: schmidt@fisica.ufpr.br     

Massless versus massive Hawking radiation in AdS2 spacetime

We study massless and massive Hawking radiations on a two-dimensional AdS spacetime. For the massless case, the quantum stress-energy tensor of a massless scalar field on the AdS background is calculated, and the expected null radiation is obtained. However, for the massive case, the scattering analysis is performed in order to calculate the absorption and reflection coefficients which are related to statistical Hawking temperature. On the contrary to the massless case, we obtain a nonvanishing massive radiation.     

Cosmic Strings Coupled with a Massless Scalar Field

A scalar field generalization of Xanthopoulos's cylindrically symmetric solutions of the vacuum-Einstein equations is obtained. The obtained solution preserves the properties of the Xanthopoulos solution, which are regular on the axis, asymptotically flat, and free from the curvature singularities. The solution describes a stable, rotating cosmic string of infinite length interacting with gravitational and scalar waves.     

Massless particles and cosmology

Post recombination density perturbations have been studied in a two-component matter-radiation universe. The study has been carried out for variable matter and radiation densities. The possibility of the existence of different kinds of neutrinos in addition to the electronic, muonic and taonic has been considered and conclusions have been drawn as to the upper limit of the radiation density for different values of Ω _m .     

Massless monopoles and multi-pronged strings

We investigate the role of massless magnetic monopoles in the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills Higgs theories. They can appear naturally in the 1/4-BPS dyonic configurations associated with multi-pronged string configurations. Massless magnetic monopoles can carry nonabelian electric charge when their associated gauge symmetry is unbroken. Surprisingly, massless monopoles can also appear even when the gauge symmetry is broken to abelian subgroups.     

Massless Leggett mode in three-band superconductors with time-reversal-symmetry breaking

The Leggett mode associated with out-of-phase oscillations of the superconducting phase in multiband superconductors usually is heavy due to interband coupling, which makes its excitation and detection difficult. We report on the existence of a massless Leggett mode in three-band superconductors with time-reversal-symmetry breaking. The mass of this Leggett mode is small close to the time-reversal-symmetry-breaking transition and vanishes at the transition point, and thus locates within the smallest superconducting energy gap, which makes it stable and detectable, e.g., by means of the Raman spectroscopy. The thermodynamic consequences of this massless mode and possible realization in iron-based superconductors are also discussed.     

Renormalization and Operator Product Expansion in Theories with Massless Particles

Renormalization procedure in theories including massless particles is presented. With the help of counterterm formalizm the operator product expansion for arbitrary composite fields is derived. The coefficient functions are explicitly expressed in terms of certain Green's functions.     

The Massless Higher-Loop Two-Point Function

We introduce a new method for computing massless Feynman integrals analytically in parametric form. An analysis of the method yields a criterion for a primitive Feynman graph G to evaluate to multiple zeta values. The criterion depends only on the topology of G, and can be checked algorithmically. As a corollary, we reprove the result, due to Bierenbaum and Weinzierl, that the massless 2-loop 2-point function is expressible in terms of multiple zeta values, and generalize this to the 3, 4, and 5-loop cases. We find that the coefficients in the Taylor expansion of planar graphs in this range evaluate to multiple zeta values, but the non-planar graphs with crossing number 1 may evaluate to multiple sums with 6^th roots of unity. Our method fails for the five loop graphs with crossing number 2 obtained by breaking open the bipartite graph K _3,4 at one edge. CNRS.     

Spectral Theory of Massless Pauli-Fierz Models

We study the spectral theory of massless Pauli-Fierz models using an extension of the Mourre method. We prove the local finiteness of point spectrum and a limiting absorption principle away from the eigenvalues for an arbitrary coupling constant. In addition we show that the expectation value of the number operator is finite on all eigenvectors.Supported by Carlsbergfondet     

Massless chiral families in superstring theories

The contribution of the U(1) and simple group factors S_k of the background gauge group ifS=Π_kS_k to the number of massless fermion generations in superstrings theories is examined. Unlike the semisimple case when only SU(n) factors contribute to the generation number, if the abelian factors are present, all groups contained in S contribute to it.     

Massless QCD and chiral symmetry breaking

It is well known that chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken in QCD. To relate this fact to non-perturbative features of the theory, like instantons, we start with a massless lagrangian and perform a non-linear chiral colored singlet transformation on the quark fields which yields (by means of Fujikawa's method) essentially two terms in the lagrangian. First a quark mass term induced by instantons and secondly a coupling between pseudoscalar mesons and the axial anomaly. Ward-Takahashi identities can be derived. To clarify the presence of this induced mass term we calculate its first perturbative part up to the two-loop level.     

Hot Bang States of Massless Fermions

According to the characterization of local thermal equilibrium states in Local Quantum Physics proposed by Buchholz et al. microscopic and corresponding macroscopic observables are computed for the model of massless, free fermions on Minkowski space. An example for a local equilibrium state describing a hot bang is given, the main step being the proof of its positivity.