一种极性吸附树脂的合成研究

低交联苯乙烯—二乙烯苯共聚物在Friedel—Crafts催化剂存在下,与二氯亚砜发生反应而产生了后交联,形成大孔树脂,因为树脂中引入了极性的亚矾基团,此树脂可作为极性吸附树脂。树脂通过元素分析。孔结构测定、红外光谱等,证实发生了反应。研究了反应条件对树脂孔结构的影响。     

高交联苯乙烯—二乙烯苯共聚物的孔结构研究

我们以甲苯或甲苯-正庚烷为致孔剂合成了一系列高交联的大孔苯乙烯-二乙烯苯(St-DVB)共聚物,本文报道这些共聚物的孔结构、孔结构稳定性及其与合成条件的关系。     

高交联大孔苯乙烯/二乙烯苯共聚物的合成及其孔结构的研究Ⅱ

本文对高交联大孔苯乙烯/二乙烯苯共聚物在干态、湿态与溶胀态的孔结构进行了研究。结果表明,在不同的状态中,高交联共聚物的孔结构是不相同的,它们的孔结构会发生变化。但是,它们的孔结构变化远小于低交联共聚物,也就是说,高交联大孔共聚物的孔结构比低交联共聚物的孔结构稳定。 鉴于高交联大孔共聚物的孔结构较稳定,作者把它用作高效液相色谱的进行了初步实验。结果表明,高交联共聚物可做为高效液相色谱的载体固定相。     

大孔交联聚苯乙烯的分形结构研究

采用小角Ｘ－射线散法测定大孔交联聚苯乙烯树脂的结构,发现大多数大孔交联聚苯乙烯在数纳米至数十纳米的标度尺寸范围内具有分形结构,分形维数介于２和３之间。本研究还进一步探讨了交联度、致孔剂,功能基化反应及后处理对大孔交联聚苯乙烯分形结构的影响。     

低交联聚乙烯后交联的研究(Ⅱ)

本文用四氯化碳为后交联剂,通过Friedel—Crafts反应使低交联聚苯乙烯发生后交联,形成大孔树脂。用正交试验法考查了反应时间,反应温度,后交联剂用量,催化剂用量和溶剂组成对树脂孔结构的影响。后交联得到的树脂的比表面积和孔容分别可达到484m~2/g和0.42ml/g。     

一种真孔离子交换树脂微球的制备及其孔结构性能与色谱的应用

以聚苯乙烯甲苯溶液为致孔剂,可以制得孔形较规整,孔径分布较均匀,耐高压(200kg/cm~2左右)的交联聚苯乙烯磺酸型离子交换树脂微球。本文对交联20％苯乙烯—二乙烯苯共聚微球,用不同致孔剂致孔后的性能及其磺化前后孔结构形态的变化,以及在色谱分析上的应用进行了探讨。     

高分子载体对米曲霉氨基酰化酶的固定化研究

合成了一系列不同结构的丙烯酸甲酯—二乙烯基苯交联共聚物,并用多乙烯多胺胺解制得了功能基化交联共聚物。研究了交联度、致孔剂用量和不同的功能基化试剂对这些载体固定化氨基酰化酶效果的影响。比较了固定化氨基酰化酶与溶液酶的酶学性质。用这种载体制成固定化酶柱,对N—乙酰—DL—蛋氨酸和N—乙酰—DL—苯丙氨酸进行连续拆分,得到了很好的效果。     

大孔交联酰胺类聚合物对苯酚氢键吸附机理的研究

大孔交联酰胺类聚合物是一类同时能提供氢键的给体(—NH—)和氢键的受体(—C O)的功能高分子材料。将D392乙酰化制得大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基乙酰胺)(PS-CH2NHCOCH3),并对其化学结构进行表征;测定了它在非水体系中对苯酚的吸附等温线,计算出不同吸附量时对应的吸附焓。结果表明,合成的大孔交联PS-CH2NHCOCH3在环己烷中对苯酚的吸附量大,吸附选择性高,排除了吸附过程的疏水作用及范德华力的影响因素,证明其吸附机理为氢键吸附。     

大孔标准苯乙烯—二乙烯苯共聚物的合成及其结构的研究

本文利用前文分离提纯的对位及间位二乙烯苯作为交联剂,合成了大孔标准苯乙烯—二乙烯苯共聚物,系统地研究了共聚物的交联度,致孔剂的种类和用量以及良溶剂—非良溶剂致孔剂配比的变化对共聚物孔结构的影响。实验结果表明:不同结构的二乙烯苯作交联剂所合成的共聚物,他们的孔结构参数都随共聚物的合成条件的变化呈现规律性的变化,但它们彼此间在结构性能上存在着明显的差异。     

卟啉基超交联聚合物的合成及其对二氧化碳和汞(Ⅱ)离子的吸附北大核心CSCD

超交联聚合物(HCPs)具有较高的比表面积和独特的孔结构,且制备方法简单、合成原料广泛,是多孔有机聚合物的研究热点之一。卟啉是一类由4个吡咯类亚基的α-碳原子通过次甲基桥互联形成的大分子杂环化合物,可与多种金属形成稳定的配合物,在重金属的吸附与检测、气体的吸附与分离等方面具有很好的应用。卟啉结构的HCPs也有了较多的报道,然而当前报道的卟啉结构HCPs几乎均是通过Friedel-Crafts烷基化反应构筑的。Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应在卟啉结构HCPs上报道较少。而通过Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应制备的聚合物表面含大量羰基,为其进一步功能化提供了可能。但是,这类聚合物的比表面积低、孔结构差,而其优良孔结构的构建是亟待解决的问题。为此,本文在四苯基卟啉与1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸酐通过Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应制备的聚合物的基础上,进一步通过席夫碱反应,用含刚性三嗪环的三聚氰胺将其进一步交联,合成了三聚氰胺修饰的卟啉基超交联聚合物。结果发现,三聚氰胺的引入不仅实现了超交联聚合物孔结构的支撑,使得聚合物比表面积极大增长(从2 m^(2)/g增加到118 m^(2)/g),且具有优良的多级孔结构。三聚氰胺修饰卟啉基超交联聚合物的高氮质量分数(46.28%)和多级孔结构使其对CO_(2)(93 mg/g,273 K,101 kPa)和Hg^(2+)(494.1 mg/g,298 K)具有较好的吸附。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.