Polysaccharides of Ungernia. XIV. A mannan from Ungernia trisphaera bulbs

The group carbohydrate composition of the bulbs ofUngernia trisphaera has been studied. The homogeneous ungeromannan-Tr, acetylated in the native state, has been isolated. On the basis of the results of periodate oxidation, methylation, partial hydrolysis, and IR and¹³C NMR spectroscopy, it has been shown that ungeromannan-Tr consists of a linear polymer D-mannopyranose with -(1 4)-glycosidic bonds.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 21–25, January–February, 1986.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. VI. A mannan from the bulbs ofUngernia vvedenskyi

The results of a study of the structure of ungeromannan-V fromUngernia vvedenskii Khamidkh by oxidation with chromic oxide and with sodium periodate and by methylation have shown that the monosaccharide residues in it are linked by β-1 → 4 glycosidic bonds. The macromolecule of ungeromannan-V has slight branching.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. VI. A mannan from the bulbs ofUngernia vvedenskyi

The results of a study of the structure of ungeromannan-V fromUngernia vvedenskii Khamidkh by oxidation with chromic oxide and with sodium periodate and by methylation have shown that the monosaccharide residues in it are linked by -1 4 glycosidic bonds. The macromolecule of ungeromannan-V has slight branching.Deceased.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 770–775, November–December, 1980.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. VII. Partial hydrolysis of the mannan of the bulbs ofU. vvedenskyi

4-O--D-Manopyranosyl-D-mannose, O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(14)-D-mannose, and 0--D-mannopyranosyl-(14)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-D-mannose have been isolated fron the products of the partial hydrolysis of ungeromannan-V, obtained fron the bulbs ofUngernia vvedneskyi, and have been identified. This set of oligosaccharides confirms the regular structure of the carbohydrate chain of ungeromannan-V, which consists of a linear sequence of -14-bound D-mannose residues.DeceasedTranslated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedineii, No. 4, pp. 434–436, July–August, 1981.     

Polysaccharides of iridaceae IV. A xyloglucogalactan of the bulbs of Juno drepanophylla

Polysaccharides (WSPSs, PSs, and HMCs) have been isolated from various organs ofJuno Drepanophylla and their qualitative compositions have been characterized. ESPS-I from the bulbs has been studied and has proved to be a polydisperse high-molecular-weight and branched amyloid. In its physicochemical properties and composition, WSPS-I is close to amyloids of the first class known from the literature. On the basis of the results of methylation, oxidation with chromium trioxide, and IR and¹³C NMR spectra, it has been established that the glucopyranose residues are linked with one another by -(1 4) bonds, and the xylo and galactopyranose residues by (1 4) bonds with the C-6 position of the glucose residue.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 410–415, July–August, 1986.     

Polysaccharides of iridaceae IV. A xyloglucogalactan of the bulbs of Juno drepanophylla

Polysaccharides (WSPSs, PSs, and HMCs) have been isolated from various organs ofJuno Drepanophylla and their qualitative compositions have been characterized. ESPS-I from the bulbs has been studied and has proved to be a polydisperse high-molecular-weight and branched amyloid. In its physicochemical properties and composition, WSPS-I is close to amyloids of the first class known from the literature. On the basis of the results of methylation, oxidation with chromium trioxide, and IR and¹³C NMR spectra, it has been established that the glucopyranose residues are linked with one another by β-(1 → 4) bonds, and the xylo and galactopyranose residues by α(1 → 4) bonds with the C-6 position of the glucose residue.     

Steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Allium karataviense.

Chemical examination of the bulbs of Allium karataviense led to the isolation of five new spirostanol saponins (7-11) and a new furostanol saponin (12), together with a known steroidal sapogenin (1) and five known saponins (2-6). The structures of the new saponins were determined by detailed analysis of their spectral data, including two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The steroidal saponins produced by A. karataviense, except for 5 and 6, were found to be based upon (25R)-5 alpha-spirostane-2 alpha,3 beta,5,6 beta-tetrol (alliogenin) and contain a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety with the formation of an O-glycoside linkage to C-2 of the polyhydroxylated steroidal skeleton as the common structural feature. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytostatic activity against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.     

Cytotoxic alkaloids and a flavan from the bulbs of Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum

A new pyrrolophenanthridone alkaloid, criasiaticidine A (1), was isolated from the bulbs of Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum, together with pratorimine (2), lycorine (3) and 4'-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavan (4). The structure of the new alkaloid was determined to be 4,5-etheno-9,10-dihydroxy-6-phenanthridone by spectroscopic means. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds 1-4 was evaluated in vitro against Meth-A (mouse sarcoma) and Lewis lung carcinoma (mouse lung carcinoma) tumor cell lines. Furthermore, 3 was examined for in vivo antitumor activity with LLC tumor cells.     

Polysaccharides of Saponin-Bearing Plants. XIV. Structural Study of Glucoarabinogalactan from Acanthophyllum pungens Roots

The structure of the polysaccharide glucoarabinogalactan, which is a branched polysaccharide, was established by chemical and spectral methods. Its main chain consists of -16-bound galactopyranose units. Galactopyranose atoms C-2 and C-3 act as branching points. The side chains contain galactopyranose, glucopyranose, and chains of -(13)-bound arabinopyranose units. The linear structures of three galactooligosaccharides were identified and proved by partial acid hydrolysis.     

Bufadienolides and a new lignan from the bulbs of Urginea maritima

Thirty three compounds were obtained from the bulbs of Urginea maritima (Liliaceae). The compounds were identified by means of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), (13C-NMR), nuclear overhauser effects (NOE) and two dimensional (2D) NMR. Ten of them were new natural compounds. Nine were bufadienolides and only one was lignan in these compounds.