氧化钆对铁磷酸盐玻璃结构的影响

为探究Gd2O3含量对40Fe2O3-60P2O5(mol%)基础玻璃结构的影响,采用传统熔融-冷却法制备xGd2O3-(100-x)(40Fe2O3-60P2O5)(0≤x≤12mol%)系列玻璃。利用XRD、SEM、FTIR和Raman等手段对玻璃结构进行表征,并测试了玻璃密度和维氏硬度。结果表明,在Gd2O3含量小于等于4mol%时,易形成均质玻璃,在此范围内,玻璃密度和硬度都随Gd2O3含量的增加而增加,玻璃结构以焦磷酸盐结构为主,并伴随少量的正磷酸盐和偏磷酸盐结构。在磷酸盐玻璃结构中,Gd3+作为网络修饰离子,位于玻璃网络结构间隙。     

掺铒碲酸盐玻璃光谱特性研究

测试了样品(75-x)TeO2-xWO3-15ZnO-5La2O3-5Nb2O5(摩尔分数)-1%(质量分数)Er2O3(TWZ,x=0,4,8,12,15)和(75-y)TeO2-yB2O3-15ZnO-5La2O3-5Nb2O5(摩尔分数)-1%(质量分数)Er2O3(TBZ,y=0,4,8,12,15)玻璃的吸收光谱、荧光光谱、上转换光谱、能级寿命和热稳定性.应用J-O理论和McCumber理论分别计算了玻璃中Er3+离子光学跃迁强度参数Ωt(t=2,4,6)和受激发射截面.在975 nm激励下,该玻璃同时观察到了绿光(528和544 nm)和红光(660 nm)的上转换发光现象,分别对应于Er3+的.2Hu/2→4I15/2,4S3/2→4I15/2和 4F9/2→4I15/2跃迁.分析比较了玻璃中WO3和B2O3含量变化对光谱参数的影响.结果表明:随着WO3含量的增加,TWZ玻璃1.53μm波段荧光强度逐渐增大,上转换发光强度逐渐减弱,4I13/2能级寿命增加;随着B2O3含量的增加,TBZ玻璃1.53 μm波段荧光强度、上转换发光强度以及4I13/2能级寿命逐渐减弱.另外,TWZ和TBZ系列玻璃的热稳定性都有所提高.     

La2O3对Yb3+掺杂的氧化钇透明激光陶瓷性能的影响

本文研究了La2O3的含量对(Yb0.05 Y0.95)2O3透明激光陶瓷的结构性能和烧结性能的影响.结果表明:随着La2O3含量的增加,拉曼光谱特征峰发生红移,声子能量降低,半高宽增大,相对强度先增大后减小;同时密度、相对密度和透过率都增大,陶瓷的晶粒减小,而当La2O3含量继续增加时,晶粒基本保持不变.但适量的La2O3掺杂量对(Yb0.05Y0.95)2O3透明激光陶瓷的发射性能影响不大.最合适的La2O3添加量为10at%,最合适的烧结温度为1700℃,最后样品的直线透过率可达到75%.     

LaF_3-LiF-La_2O_3系熔盐密度的研究

根据阿基米德定律,测定了La F3-Li F-La2O3熔盐电解质体系的密度,研究了温度、La F3的含量、La2O3加入量对体系密度的影响。结果表明:密度随着温度的升高呈明显线性降低的趋势,而随着La F3含量的增加而增大。在温度为1050℃时,La F3摩尔含量为20%~35%的该熔盐电解质体系的密度随着La2O3加入量的增加先增加后降低,在La2O3的饱和溶解度(1.5%~3%)附近达到最大值。     

基于细胞壁结构变化研究铈和镧影响大肠杆菌生长的机制EI北大核心CSCD

从细胞壁结构变化角度研究Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌生长影响的机制。以Penicillin和Lysozyme对细菌细胞壁作用靶点为参照,比浊法表征细菌的生长,红外光谱法表征细菌细胞壁肽聚糖(3427和1654 cm^(-1))和β-1,4糖苷键(890 cm^(-1))结构,扫描电镜观察菌体形态。比浊法显示Penicillin和Lysozyme抑制了细菌的繁殖,Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O均可以逆转这一抑制作用,促进细菌繁殖;红外光谱显示Penicillin使大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点透过率下降,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率增加;Lysozyme使相应位点透过率增加,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率下降或基本不变,表明La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O总是可以逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对大肠杆菌细胞壁的破坏作用;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点的红外光谱透过率影响复杂,没有表现出可逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对细胞壁的破坏能力。La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O通过使细胞壁中相邻多糖链交联和保护β-1,4糖苷键来保护大肠杆菌细胞壁肽聚糖结构,促进细菌的生长,与前期研究La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对枯草芽孢杆菌的作用规律一致;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O促进细菌生长的机制与La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O有所不同,具体原因还有待研究。     

三元体系LaX3—PIAP—H2O（X^—=ClO4^—,NO3^—,Cl^—）（30℃）的相平衡

测定了三个三元体系LaX_3-PIAP-H_2O（X~- = ClO_4~-，NO_3~-，Cl~-， PIAP为4－（邻苯二甲酰基）亚基安替比林）在30℃时的溶解度。研究发现La (NO_3)_3-PIAP-H_2O和LaCl_3-PIAP-H_2O体系均为简单共饱型；La(ClO_4)_3- PIAP-H_2O体系有一个新固相形成，其组成为La(PIAP)_3（ClO_4）_3·4H_2O和体 系均为简单共饱型；La(ClO_4)_3-PIAP-H_2O体系的相平衡研究结果，合成了相应 的镧系配合物Ln(PIAP)_3(ClO_4)_3·4H_2O(Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb)，通 过化学分析、元素分析TG-DTG'IR谱和密度对化合物进行了表征。     

氧化钇对高速CBN砂轮用陶瓷结合剂玻璃料性能的影响

在CaO-Al2O3-SiO2(CAS)系统微晶玻璃中引入稀土氧化物Y2O3,制备出用于高速CBN砂轮的微晶玻璃结合剂。结合DTA,XRD,SEM等检测手段,研究了Y2O3的加入对微晶玻璃结合剂微观结构及其性能的影响。结果表明:随Y2O3含量的增加,微晶玻璃结合剂的耐火度降低,流动性增大。当Y2O3含量为0.8%(质量分数)时,钙铝硅系微晶玻璃结合剂具有最佳的力学性能(显微硬度753.26 MPa,抗折强度167.50 MPa,磨耗比1∶8.23)。加入Y2O3会影响玻璃的析晶性能,当加入Y2O3为0.8%时,促进析出新晶相Li2Al2SiO10和β-石英,尺寸大小约为0.2～1μm,其具有致密的微观结构,利于用于作CBN砂轮的结合剂。     

基于细胞壁结构变化研究铈和镧影响大肠杆菌生长的机制

从细胞壁结构变化角度研究Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌生长影响的机制。以Penicillin和Lysozyme对细菌细胞壁作用靶点为参照,比浊法表征细菌的生长,红外光谱法表征细菌细胞壁肽聚糖(3427和1654 cm~(-1))和β-1,4糖苷键(890 cm~(-1))结构,扫描电镜观察菌体形态。比浊法显示Penicillin和Lysozyme抑制了细菌的繁殖,Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O均可以逆转这一抑制作用,促进细菌繁殖;红外光谱显示Penicillin使大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点透过率下降,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率增加;Lysozyme使相应位点透过率增加,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率下降或基本不变,表明La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O总是可以逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对大肠杆菌细胞壁的破坏作用;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点的红外光谱透过率影响复杂,没有表现出可逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对细胞壁的破坏能力。La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O通过使细胞壁中相邻多糖链交联和保护β-1,4糖苷键来保护大肠杆菌细胞壁肽聚糖结构,促进细菌的生长,与前期研究La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对枯草芽孢杆菌的作用规律一致;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O促进细菌生长的机制与La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O有所不同,具体原因还有待研究。     

La2O3/γ-Al2O3在柠檬醛与丙酮缩合反应中的催化性能研究

用La2O3负载量不同的La2O3/γ-Al2O3催化柠檬醛和丙酮反应,采用GS/MS、LC/MS、13C NMR等方法鉴定反应产物,并研究了La2O3负载量对反应产物分布、La2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的结构性质和酸碱性质的影响.得出以下结论:La2O3是以无定形态负载在γ-Al2O3上;随着La2O3负载量的增加,催化剂比表面积减少,孔径分布趋于均一.La2O3/γ-Al2O3表面增加的弱酸位点密度有利于柠檬醛转化率的提高,增加的中强碱位点密度有利于PSI产率提高;而强碱位点的形成和密度增加对柠檬醛自身缩合生成PCS有促进作用.催化剂循环使用性较好.     

La2O3对Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料的改性研究

通过粉末冶金方法制备了Mo5Si3/MoSi2和La2O3/Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料,探讨了其烧结工艺.检测了其密度、维氏硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性,运用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜（SEM）研究了La2O3对Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料显微结构和力学性能的改性影响.结果表明,La2O3/Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料的合理烧结温度为1600 ℃,比MoSi2材料提高了100 ℃; 稀土氧化物的加入细化了晶粒,且明显提高了材料的致密度、维氏硬度和抗弯强度; 其强化机制为细晶强化和弥散强化; 韧化机制为细晶韧化、裂纹偏转、裂纹分支和微桥接.     

Structure and properties of titanium-zinc borophosphate glasses

The structure of 50ZnO-10B₂O₃-40P₂O₅+xTiO₂ glasses prepared by slow cooling (for x=0-24 mol% TiO₂) or by quenching (for x=28-64 mol% TiO₂) was studied by Raman, ³¹P and ¹¹B MAS NMR spectroscopy. TiO₂ incorporates into the glass structure, which results in a decrease in the molar volume and an increase in the glass transition temperature. According to Raman spectra Ti atoms form distorted TiO₆ octahedra and their incorporation into the structural network results in the depolymerization of phosphate chains. ¹¹B NMR spectra of the glasses with increasing TiO₂ content show gradual changes from one symmetrical signal of B(OP)₄ units to a broad complex signal which was separated into five signals ascribed to four different types of BO₄ units and one BO₃ unit. With increasing TiO₂ content a part of boron atoms changes from tetrahedral BO₄ to trigonal BO₃ units, which is ascribed to the formation of TiO₆ units in the glass structure.     

Antimony and silicon environments in antimony silicate glasses

Antimony silicate glasses, of general formula xSb₂O₃·(1−x)SiO₂ (0.1≤x≤0.78), have been prepared by melt-quenching and their structures studied using ²⁹Si MAS NMR spectroscopy, ¹²¹Sb Mössbauer spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Oxidation during melting gives rise to Sb⁵⁺ in concentrations, which increase linearly with x to give a value of ∼10% when x=0.78. ¹²¹Sb Mössbauer spectra show Mössbauer shifts and quadrupole splittings consistent with Sb³⁺ in a [:SbO₃] trigonal pyramid, similar to that in crystalline Sb₂O₃. A broad band in the Raman spectrum at ∼410 cm⁻¹ is due to the vibrations of such a unit. The dependence of the silicon Qⁿ speciation on x can be interpreted by the formation of Sb-O-Sb links possibly to form rings of 4 [:SbO₃] units such as are found in valentinite.     

Spectroscopic characterization of lithium doped borate glasses

B₂O₃-xLi₂O₃ (x=0, 0.1, 0.5) glasses have been prepared by the Sol-Gel method. The evolution of the composition and the structure of the materials upon thermal treatments are analyzed. Raman spectroscopy measurements reveal that the structure transforms from crystalline to amorphous. After a thermal treatment at 400°C, the materials exhibit a strong luminescence band which disappears upon further heating. In the case of no dopant (x=0) heating at 1150°C results in a Raman spectrum which is almost identical to the one corresponding to bulk B₂O₃ glass obtained by melting and quenching.     

Investigations of structure and transport in lithium and silver borophosphate glasses

Glasses in the system xLi₂O·(1−x)[0.5B₂O₃·0.5P₂O₅] and xAg₂O·(1−x)[0.5B₂O₃·0.5P₂O₅] have been prepared from melt quenching method. Glasses have been characterized for their densities, molar volumes, glass transition temperatures and heat capacities. Structural studies have been done using infrared and high resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR MAS NMR) of ³¹P, ¹¹B and ⁷Li nuclei. Boron is present only in tetrahedral coordination except in Li₂O-rich glasses. Transport properties have been investigated over a wide range of frequency and temperature. Silver containing glasses are found to possess higher conductivities and lower barriers than lithium containing glasses. A structural model has been proposed in which pure B₂O₃–P₂O₅ compositions are assumed to be constituted of BPO₄ units and modification occurs selectively on the phosphate moiety. Tetrahedral boron units are thus expected to be retained in the glass structure.     

Thermal behaviour and fragility of Sb<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-containing zinc borophosphate glasses

Thermal behaviour of the glass series (100-x)[50ZnO-10B₂O₃-40P₂O₅]·xSb₂O₃ (x=0-42 mol%) and (100-y)[60ZnO-10B₂O₃-30P₂O₅]·ySb₂O₃ (y=0-28 mol%) was investigated by DSC and TMA. The addition of Sb₂O₃ results in a decrease of the glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature in both compositional series. All glasses crystallize on heating in the temperature range of 522–632°C. Thermal expansion coefficient of the glasses monotonously increases with increasing Sb₂O₃ content in both series and varies within the range of 6.6–11.7 ppm °C⁻¹. From changes of thermal capacity within the glass transition region it was concluded that with increasing Sb₂O₃ content the ‘fragility’ of the studied glasses increases.     

The role of TiO2 in the B2O3–Na2O–PbO–Al2O3 glass system

Optical and vibrational studies have been carried out on 60B₂O₃·(20−x)Na₂O·10PbO·10Al₂O₃:xTiO₂ (x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mol%) glasses, in order to understand the role of TiO₂ in the 60B₂O₃·20Na₂O·10PbO·10Al₂O₃ glass matrix. The X-ray patterns reveal homogeneous glasses over the entire compositional range. The absorption spectra show that the energy of the optical band gap (ΔE_opt) and Urbach's energy (E_U) decreases as TiO₂ content increases. The changes observed in the Raman and IR spectra are related to the BO₄→BO₃ back conversion effect and the appearance of “loose” BO₄⁻ groups. The data indicate that titanium ions act as a network modifier.     

Structural characterisation and thermo-physical properties of glasses in the Li<Subscript>2</Subscript>O–SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>–Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>–K<Subscript>2</Subscript>O system

This article aims to shed some light on the structure and thermo-physical properties of lithium disilicate glasses in the system Li₂O–SiO₂–Al₂O₃–K₂O. A glass with nominal composition 23Li₂O–77SiO₂ (mol%) (labelled as L₂₃S₇₇) and glasses containing Al₂O₃ and K₂O with SiO₂/Li₂O molar ratios (3.13–4.88) were produced by conventional melt-quenching technique in bulk and frit forms. The glass-ceramics (GCs) were obtained from nucleation and crystallisation of monolithic bulk glasses as well as via sintering and crystallisation of glass powder compacts. The structure of glasses as investigated by magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) depict the role of Al₂O₃ as glass network former with four-fold coordination, i.e., Al(IV) species while silicon exists predominantly as a mixture of Q ³ and Q ⁴ (Si) structural units. The qualitative as well as quantitative crystalline phase evolution in glasses was followed by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) adjoined with Rietveld-reference intensity ratio (R.I.R.) method, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The possible correlation amongst structural features of glasses, phase composition and thermo-physical properties of GCs has been discussed.     

Vibrational spectra and structure of mixed alkali borotungstate glasses: Evidence of mixed alkali effect

Mixed alkali borotungstate glasses with xLi₂O–(30 − x)Na₂O–10WO₃–60B₂O₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 30) composition were prepared by melt quench technique. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopic studies were employed to investigate the structure of all the prepared glasses. Acting as complementary techniques, both IR and Raman measurements revealed that the network structure of the present glasses mainly based on BO₃ and BO₄ units placed in different structural groups. Raman spectra confirm the IR results regarding the presence of tungsten ions mainly as WO₆ groups. In the present work, the mixed alkali effect (MAE) has been investigated in the above glass system using FTIR and Raman studies.     

A study of the perovskite solid solution series LaxSr1−xRuO3 and LaxCa1−xRuO3 by ruthenium-99 Mössbauer spectroscopy

The magnetic, electronic, and structural properties of the solid solutions La_xSr_1−xRuO₃ and La_xCa_1−xRuO₃ have been studied by ⁹⁹Ru Mössbauer spectroscopy and other techniques. The La_xCa_1−xRuO₃ phases are reported for the first time and have been shown by powder X-ray diffraction measurements to be orthorhombically distorted perovskites. Electrical resistivity measurements on compacted powders show that all the phases are metallic with p 10⁻³, ohm-cm. Progressive substitution of Sr²⁺ by La³⁺ in ferromagnetic SrRuO₃ leads to a rapid collapse of the magnetic hyper-fine splitting at 4.2°K. For x = 0.25 some ruthenium ions still experience a magnetic field but for 0.4 x 0.75 only single, narrow resonance lines are observed, consistent both with the complete removal of the ferromagnetism and with the presence of an averaged ruthenium oxidation state in each phase, i.e., La_x³⁺Sr_1−x²⁺Ru^(4−x)+O₃ rather than La_x³⁺Sr_1−x²⁺Ru_x³⁺Ru_1−x⁴⁺O₃. LaRuO₃ and CaRuO₃ both give essentially single-line spectra at 4.2°K, indicating that the ruthenium ions in these oxides are not involved in long-range antiferromagnetic order but are paramagnetic. The solid solutions La_xCa_1−xRuO₃ (0 < x 0.6) give sharp symmetrical singlets with chemical isomer shifts (relative to the Ru metal) which move progressively from the value characteristic of Ru⁴⁺ (−0.303 mm sec⁻¹) toward the value for Ru³⁺ (−0.557 mm sec⁻¹), consistent with the presence of intermediate ruthenium oxidation states in these phases also.     

Processing and characterization of new passive and active oxysulfide glasses in the Ge-Ga-Sb-S-O system

New passive and active oxysulfide glasses have been prepared in the Ge-Ga-Sb-S-O system employing a two-step melting process which involves the processing of the chalcogenide glass (ChG) and its subsequent melting with amorphous GeO₂ or Sb₂O₃ powder. Optical characterization of the oxysulfide glasses has shown that the UV cut-off wavelength decreases with increasing oxygen content. Using Raman spectroscopy, correlations have been made between the formation of new Ge- and Sb-based oxysulfide structural units, the Sb content and the O/S ratio. We demonstrate the successful processing of active rare earth doped oxysulfide glasses by melting the chalcogenide glass with Er₂O₃ and Sb₂O₃ and also by melting the Er³⁺ doped chalcogenide glass with Sb₂O₃. Modification of the emission spectra at 1500 nm of Er³⁺ doped samples with the introduction of oxygen revealed that Er³⁺ most likely exists in dual O- and S-neighbor environments. Finally, the photo-response of these new glasses upon near-IR femtosecond laser irradiation has been investigated as a function of Sb content and O/S ratio and shows that the glasses are photo-sensitive to NIR fs laser light with the magnitude of the photo-sensitivity dependent on the glass’ Sb content and O/S ratio.