一种利用混合介质测量SBS介质布里渊线宽的方法

提出了一种利用双池受激布里渊散射(SBS)系统选用混合介质,进而测量SBS介质布里渊线宽的方法.在紧凑双池SBS系统的放大池中放入待测介质,在振荡池中放入布里渊频移可调的混合介质,测出放大池待测介质增益系数随布里渊频移偏离的洛伦兹曲线,该曲线半高处的线宽即为待测介质的布里渊线宽.实验上在Nd:YAG调Q激光系统中,选用CCl₄/C₆H₆混合介质,测量了四氯乙烯(C₂Cl₄)、六氯丁二烯(C_{关键词： 受激布里渊散射 混合介质 布里渊线宽}     

选用新介质的双池受激布里渊散射系统的研究

从介质化学结构与吸收系数的关系入手，寻找出系列吸收系数小，适合作为放大池介质的新介质，例如四氯乙烯(C₂Cl₄)，1，3-六氯丁二烯(C₄Cl₆)和六氟化苯(C₆F₆)等，并计算或测量了入射光波长为1.064μm时的新介质受激布里渊散射(SBS)参数.在双池SBS系统的放大池中分别选用C₂Cl₄和C₄Cl₆，振荡池中均选用光学击穿阈值高，并且布里渊频移与C₂Cl₄和C₄Cl₆的布里渊频移非常接近的乙醇(C₂H₅OH)，并利用Nd:YAG调Q激光器研究了该系统的性能.实验结果表明，该系统具有高负载能力，高相位共轭保真度和高能量反射率稳定度等性能. 关键词： 受激布里渊散射 双池SBS系统 新介质     

Study on two-cell stimulated Brillouin scattering system with mixture medium

In this paper,a method of choosing mixture medium in two-cell stimulated Brillouinscattering(SBS)system to improve the system performance is proposed.The Brillouin frequency shift(BFS)of mixture medium varies with the mixing ratio andthus the difference of the BFS between the two cells can be eliminated.The two-cellSBS system with acetone(C3H6O)in its generator cell and mixture liquid ofCCl4/C2Cl4 in its amplifier cell is investigated.The C3H6O has a high optical breakdown threshold and the mixture liquid of CCl4/C2Cl4 has a small absorption coeffi-cient and the same BFS as that of C3H6O when the volume fraction of CCl4 is 4%.Compared with two-cell SBS system with the same liquid(C2Cl4)or different liquid(C3H6O and C2Cl4)in generator and amplifier cell,the SBS system with mixture liq-uid(CCl4/C2Cl4)in amplifier cell and C3H6O in generator cell improves thepower-load,energy reflectivity(ER),phase conjugation(PC)fidelity and ER stabil-ity.     

利用不同介质进行布里渊放大的研究

研究了受激布里渊散射振_放双池系统中振荡池和放大池选用不同种类介质的情况.理论分析 结果表明，当两种介质的布里渊频移接近，布里渊线宽有交叉时，系统仍具有放大作用.采 用CCl4作为放大池介质，CCl4/CS2的混合介质作为振荡池介质，利用Nd:YAG调Q 激光研究了布里渊频移的偏离对布里渊放大的影响，结果表明，当布里渊频移的偏离较小时 ，其种子光放大率和种子光脉宽压缩率仍然很大.采用CS2作为放大池介质，苯作为振荡池 介质，对振 放双池系统进行了实验研究，其种子光放大率达到44，种子光脉宽压缩率为 72，相位共轭保真度为98%，种子光放大率的稳定度小于3%. 关键词： 受激布里渊散射 布里渊放大 布里渊频移 布里渊线宽     

A method to measure the Brillouin frequency shift of the medium through Brillouin amplification ratio

In order to measure the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) of the medium, this paper proposes a method using mixtures in a two-cell stimulated Brillouin scattering system, which uses a medium to be measured as amplifier medium and a mixture medium as generator medium. The seed light from the generator gains effective amplification in the amplifier and the amplification ratio changes with the mixing fraction. Only when the BFS of the mixture medium is equal to that of the medium in the amplifier does the seed light obtain the maximum amplification ratio. The method has the advantage of independence of the wavelength of the incident light.     

Experimental study of a broad-band XeCl double-pass amplifier with SBS mirror

An oscillator-amplifier XeCl laser system has been used to experimentally investigate the effectiveness of a liquid stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) mirror for correcting the spatial aberrations of broad-band laser radiation in a double-pass amplifier. It has been found that the SBS amplifier performance is strongly dependent on the intensity I _p exciting the Brillouin medium. A good beam reconstruction has been attained at I _p1GW/cm², whereas highly aberrated output beams have been delivered by the SBS amplifier for I _p>1 GW/cm². By comparing the broad-band SBS amplifier performance to that of the same amplifier with a dielectrically coated flat mirror at one end, it has been found that the use of a SBS mirror is advantageous to obtain lower divergence output beams only for low energy pump beams (<1 mJ).     

选用混合介质优化介质和控制受激布里渊散射特性的研究

本文提出了选用混合介质优化介质和控制其SBS特性的方案.分析了全氟碳化合物系列液体介质具有良好互溶性的缘故,数值模拟了HT-230/FC-72混合介质的增益系数、声子寿命和布里渊频移随混合比的变化曲线.在Countinuum Nd:YAG种子注入激光系统中测定了HT-230/FC-72混合介质的吸收系数和光学击穿阈值随混合比的变化,并实验研究了混合介质的能量反射率和Stokes光脉冲波形随混合比的变化.通过选用混合介质不仅优化介质,而且在一定范围之内可控制其SBS特性. 关键词： 受激布里渊散射 混合介质 优化介质 控制SBS特性     

陡前沿脉冲产生的受激布里渊散射稳定性研究

受激布里渊散射转换效率及相位共轭保真度的稳定性与泵浦脉冲的前沿上升时间有关，对前沿上升时间与介质声学声子寿命接近的泵浦脉冲，在泵浦能量超过受激布里渊散射阈值较多时，会造成严重的相位共轭保真度不稳定。本文针对上升前沿时间为２ｎｓ的泵浦脉冲及声学声子寿命的１ｎｓ和ＣＣｌ４介质，在泵浦脉冲前沿根部引入缓慢上升的小信号后，采用振放双池受激布里渊散射相位共轭镜，在泵浦激光能量达到５００倍受激布里渊散射阈值时     

AP/(N2 + C2H2 + C2H4) gaseous fuel diffusion flame studies

Counterflow diffusion flame experiments and modeling results are presented for a fuel mixture consisting of N₂, C₂H₂, and C₂H₄ flowing against decomposition products from a solid AP pellet. The flame zone simulates the diffusion flame structure that is expected to exist between reaction products from AP crystals and a hydrocarbon binder. Quantitative species and temperature profiles have been measured for one strain rate, given by a separation of 5 mm, between the fuel exit and the AP surface. Species measured include C₂H₂, C₂H₄, N₂, CN, NH, OH, CH, C₂, NO, NO₂, O₂, CO₂, H₂, CO, HCl, H₂O, and soot volume fraction. Temperature was measured using a combination of a thermocouple at the fuel exit and other selected locations, spontaneous Raman scattering measurements throughout the flame, NO vibrational populations, and OH rotational population distributions. The burning rate of the AP was also measured for this flame’s strain rate. The measured eighteen scalars are compared with predictions from a detailed gas-phase kinetics model consisting of 105 species and 660 reactions. Model predictions are found to be in good agreement with experiment and illustrate the type of kinetic features that may be expected to occur in propellants when AP particles burn with the decomposition products of a polymeric binder.     

Time resolved observation of resonant and non-resonant contributions to the nonlinear susceptibility χ(3)

The resonant and nonresonant part of χ⁽³⁾ are distinguished by their different time behavior. The medium is coherently excited by two picosecond light pulses of defined frequency difference and the state of the system is monitored by a third properly delayed probe pulse. Results are presented on neat liquids of carbontetrachloride and cyclohexane and on the mixture of CCl₄: C₆H₁₂.     

介质参数对受激布里渊散射特性的影响

 采用一维瞬态模型对受激布里渊散射（SBS）过程进行了数值模拟，研究了介质参数对SBS特性的影响规律；选取FC-72、FC-75、CCl₄、CS₂、丙酮、苯以及CCl₂/乙醇的混合溶液等作为散射介质，在Nd∶YAG调Q激光系统下进行了实验研究，比较了各种介质所产生的SBS脉宽、能量反射率和波形之间的差异，由此讨论了介质参数对SBS特性的影响。结果表明，介质增益系数越大，吸收系数越小，SBS能量反射率就越大；吸收系数越大，产生的SBS脉宽就越窄；声子寿命越短，SBS波形前沿就越陡，并且越容易出现调制现象。     

介质参数对受激布里渊散射脉宽压缩的影响

 利用KrF激光和SF₆介质从理论和实验上研究了声子寿命和增益系数等介质参数对SBS脉宽压缩比和能量反射率的影响。理论上采用一维瞬态模型对SBS过程进行数值模拟，考虑了瞬态过程、介质吸收以及泵浦耗空的影响，计算了SBS介质不同参数对脉冲压缩影响的规律。实验表明，在实验参数的变化范围内声子寿命越短、增益系数越小，越有利于脉宽压缩。在0.68MPa下，脉宽压缩比达到8。数值模拟了声子寿命和介质增益系数单独变化时对SBS过程影响的规律，发现在声子寿命和增益系数同时变化时，SBS对泵浦脉冲的压缩有最佳点。     

水中受激布里渊散射微弱Stokes信号光的高增益放大

采用脉冲宽度为7.2 ns的种子光注入式倍频Nd:YAG脉冲激光器,以CS₂为放大介质,实验并理论研究了水中受激布里渊散射微弱Stokes光的信号增益随延迟时间、放大器池长、抽运光能量的变化规律. 结果表明,当抽运光脉冲相对信号光脉冲延迟进入放大器,且延迟时间为脉冲宽度的一半,抽运光能量略低于介质受激布里渊散射阈值,选择合适的放大器池长可获得最佳的信号增益. 适当选择抽运光能量,亦可实现微弱信号光的线性放大. 实验中采用独立双池放大系统,当水中Stokes信号光的能量为1 pJ时,信 关键词： 布里渊放大器 信号增益 延迟时间 抽运光能量     

抽运光对双布里渊放大池放大控制脉冲波形的影响

在传统的独立双池结构的受激布里渊相位共轭镜中,引入修整放大池,采用主放大池与修整放大池相结合的双布里渊放大池结构控制脉冲波形,主放大池控制脉冲的整体波形,而修整放大池对脉冲波形进行微调. 研究了抽运光功率密度对双布里渊放大池放大控制脉冲波形的影响,得到了不同抽运光功率密度下,脉冲波形随双池间距的变化规律. 研究表明,抽运光功率密度决定了种子光的放大效率,是控制脉冲波形的重要参数. 关键词： 受激布里渊散射 布里渊放大 脉冲波形控制     

Observations of wavefront reproduction by stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering as a function of pump power and waveguide dimensions

Experimental investigations have been made of wavefront reproduction (WFR) by backward stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and backward stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in CS₂ and C₇H₆O using a linearly polarized ruby pump at λ=0.694 μm. The studies were carried out as a function of the length and cross-section of the optical waveguide and the pump power at the input to the nonlinear medium; curves showing the percentage of nonreproduced backscattered radiation versus power into the waveguide are presented. In all of the cases studied the degree of reproduction by SBS was higher than that by SRS and the efficiency of WFR for both SBS and SRS improved as the pump power into the waveguide was increased, the bore diameter of the lightpipe decreased, and the length of active media decreased.     

S波段光纤拉曼放大器中级联受激布里渊散射串扰的实验研究

研究了光纤激光器前向抽运的S波段分布式光纤拉曼放大器中级联的受激布里渊散射(SBS)串扰现象。用窄光谱带宽(<100MHz)的可调谐激光二极管作为信号源,通过S波段分布式光纤拉曼放大器,当被放大的信号功率超过单模光纤受激布里渊散射的阈值时,出现了前向受激布里渊散射,这是传导声波布里渊散射在光纤放大器中放大的现象。随着拉曼放大器抽运功率的提高,在斯托克斯区,出现了两阶受激布里渊散射线,在实验中观测到偶数阶的受激布里渊散射谱线功率大于奇数阶的布里渊一瑞利散射线。当进一步增加拉曼放大器的抽运功率,出现了前向级联的多阶受激布里渊散射现象,拉曼放大器的增益下降,被放大的信号功率转换为受激布里渊散射,噪声变大。受激布里渊散射的串扰破坏了拉曼放大器的特性,使拉曼放大器无法在密集波分复用光纤传输系统中使用,因此需要严格地控制入纤的信号功率和放大器的抽运功率。在实验中还观测到在光纤拉曼放大器中被放大的信号光和受激布里渊散射线两侧的伴线。     

Adsorption-desorption studies using ESD of CCl2F2, C2H2F2 and C2F6 on tungsten

The behavior of the desorbing F⁺ ion current from electron bombarded CCl₂F₂, C₂H₂F₂ and C₂F₆ adsorbed on tungsten has been used to investigate the processes of adsorption and desorption of these gases. For tungsten near room temperature, measurements of the F⁺ ion current as a function of electron bombardment time indicated very similar or even identical F⁺-yielding adsorbed species resulting from adsorption of either CCl₂F₂ or C₂H₂F₂ and widely different species from C₂F₆. Cl⁺ ions were also observed to desorb from CCl₂F₂ ad-layers. The behavior of the Cl⁺ ion current with time during electron bombardment indicated electronic conversion between adsorbed binding modes. Complementary investigations on the interaction of CCl₂F₂, C₂H₂F₂ and C₂F₆ with tungsten were carried out by thermal desorption experiments in which the F⁺ ion signal was used to observe the coverage decrease of the F⁺-yielding species. The experiments were performed at tungsten temperatures in the 1200–1600 K range. It was concluded that the F⁺-yielding adsorbed species from CCl₂F₂ and C₂H₂F₂ were strongly bound to the tungsten surface. The F⁺-yielding species from C₂F₆ were found to be weakly bound. From a comparison of the ESD and thermal desorption results, the possibility of dissociative adsorption as well as the nature of the adsorbed species is discussed.     

Laser Ablation of Titanium in Cryogenic and Room-Temperature Liquids

The results of processing of an OT4-0 titanium plate surface in media of C₂H₅OH + H₂O and liquid argon by radiation of a pulse-periodic Nd:YAG laser with subnanosecond pulses are presented. A change in current-carrying properties of structures synthesized in C₂H₅OH + H₂O is studied. The effect of subsequent influence of HNO₃ + HF acid solution on laser-induced structures is considered.     

Controlled synthesis of BaWO4 hierarchical nanostructures by exploiting oriented attachment in the solution of H2O and C2H5OH

Shape-controlled synthesis of BaWO₄ hierarchical nanostructures has been successfully achieved by exploiting oriented attachment in a mixture of water and ethanol. A controlled change in the volume ratio of C₂H₅OH and H₂O or the concentration of initial reagents has resulted in the synthesis of products of various morphologies, such as shuttle-like, ellipsoid-like, and flower-like ones. The obtained products are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The altered nucleation and growth rates of primary particles that assembled to the final hierarchical nanostructures through oriented attachment are the main cause of the evolution of their morphologies. The room-temperature photoluminescent intensities of the products strongly depend on their morphology.     

Intensity studies in Raman effect

The dependence of the relative intensities of Raman lines, having different polarisation characters, on the mode of excitation has been studied using unpolarised, horizontally and vertically polarised incident light. Standard intensities have been obtained in the cases of CCl₄, CHCl₃, C₆H₆, C₂Cl₄, C₂H₂Cl₂, C₂H₄Cl₂, C₆H₅Cl, C₆H₅CH₃ and C₆H₅CH₂OH with the intensity of the 458 cm^?1 line of CCl₄ as standard and from these, the values ofα′, the derived polarisability, have been obtained in the case of total symmetric lines characteristic of particular bonds and certain conclusions regarding the intensity variations of corresponding lines in the different liquids have been arrived at. Values of derived anisotropy have also been obtained in the case of the depolarised lines relative to that of 313 cm^?1 line in CCl₄.