22Na(p,γ)23Mg反应的实验研究

讨论了目前有关²²Na(p,γ)²³Mg反应的实验研究工作,结合兰州放射性束流线上的放射性束流²³Al的β⁺延发质子衰变实验的测量结果,给出了²³Al延发衰变的质子能谱,并比较了近期实验给出的相关能级的自旋、宇称值,正是由于这种自旋、宇称和能级部分宽度的不确定性,导致了反应率计算的不确定性.计算了同位旋相似态的共振强度.对于测量到的新的延发衰变能级E_d=8.916MeV,由于没有相应的能级宽度值,实验仅给出其相对共振强度值.     

Cross-sections for the 27Al(γ, x)22Na multichannel reaction with the 28.3 MeV difference of reaction thresholds

The bremsstrahlung flux-averaged cross-sections \begin{document}$\langle{\sigma(E_{{\gamma {\rm{max}}}})}\rangle$\end{document} and the cross-sections per equivalent photon \begin{document}$\langle{\sigma(E_{{\gamma {\rm{max}}}})_{Q}}\rangle$\end{document} were first measured for the photonuclear multichannel reaction \begin{document}${^{27}{\rm{Al}}}(\gamma,\textit{x})^{22}{\rm{Na}}$\end{document} at end-point bremsstrahlung gamma energies ranging from 35 MeV to 95 MeV. The experiments were performed with the beam from the NSC KIPT electron linear accelerator LUE-40 using the γ-activation technique. The bremsstrahlung quantum flux was calculated with the GEANT4.9.2 program and was also monitored via the \begin{document}$^{100}{\rm{Mo}}(\gamma,{n})^{99}{\rm{Mo}}$\end{document} reaction. The flux-averaged cross-sections were calculated using the partial cross-section \begin{document}$\sigma(E)$\end{document} values computed with the TALYS1.95 code for different level density models. Consideration is given to special features of calculating the cross-sections \begin{document}$\langle{\sigma(E_{{\gamma {\rm{max}}}})}\rangle$\end{document} and \begin{document}$\langle{\sigma(E_{{\gamma {\rm{max}}}})_{Q}}\rangle$\end{document} for the case of the final nucleus \begin{document}$^{22}{\rm{Na}}$\end{document} via several partial channels \begin{document}$\textit{x}$\end{document}: \begin{document}${n}\alpha + {dt} + {npt} + 2{n}{^{3}\text{He}} + {n2d} + {2npd} + {2p3n}$\end{document}.     

Ba(n,x)134Cs,134Ba(n,2n)133Ba,140Ce(n,2n)139Ce,142Ce(n,2n)141)Ce和23Na(n,2n)22Na反应截面的测量

用中子活化法相对于⁵⁴Fe(n,P)⁵⁴Mn反应,在13.50—14.80MeV中子能区测量了Ba(n,x)¹³⁴Cs,¹³⁴Ba(n,2n)¹³³Ba,¹⁴⁰Ce(n,2n)¹³⁹Ce,¹⁴²Ce(n,2n)¹⁴¹Ce和²³Na(n,2n)²²Na的反应截面.并将所测的结果和其他作者的结果进行了比较,中子能量是用⁹⁰Zr(n,2n)^89m+gZr反应和⁹³Nb(n,2n)^92mNb反应截面比法测定的.     

Cross sections for monitor reactions 27Al((p, x)24Na, 27Al(p, x)22Na, and 27Al(p, x)7Be at proton energies in the range 0.04–2.6 GeV

The cross sections for the monitor reactions ²⁷Al(p, x)²⁴Na, ²⁷Al(p, x)²²Na, and ²⁷Al(p, x)⁷Be at 12 proton energies, 2605, 1598, 1199, 799, 600, 400, 249, 147.6, 97.2, 66.0, 44.6, and 40.8 MeV, have been determined with 72 × 72-mm square and 10.5-mm-diameter round aluminum foils. The rates of the reactions of the production of ²⁴Na, ²²Na, and ⁷Be in the foils in each irradiation run have been determined by γ spectrometry, whereas the number of protons transmitted through these foils has been determined using calibrated fast current transformers. The cross sections have been determined as the ratios of the corresponding reaction to the average proton fluence.     

Re-evaluation of the ^23Mg（p,γ） ^24Al reaction rate

Based on a new screening Coulomb model, this paper discusses the effect of electron screening on proton capture reaction of 23Mg. The derived result shows that, in some considerable range of stellar temperatures, the effect of electron screening on resonant reaction is prominent; on the non-resonant reaction the effect is obvious only in the low stellar temperatures. The reaction rates of ^23Mg（p,γ） ^24Al would increase 15%-25% due to the fact that the electron screening are considered in typical temperature range of massive mass white dwarfs, and the results undoubtedly affect the nucleosynthesis of some heavier nuclei in massive mass white dwarfs.     

89Y(α,p)92Zr反应中的核芯激发和全微观理论分析

测量了⁸⁹Y(α,p)⁹²Zr反应的基态和几个激发态的微分截面及⁸⁹Y(α,α)⁸⁹Y弹性散射微分截面.利用⁸⁹Y、⁹²Zr的壳模型波函数对该反应基态和第一激发态的实验数据进行了完全微观DWBA理论分析.具有核芯激发组态的核波函数明显地改善了不同末态的截面相对强度,而对角分布的形状影响甚微.它表明具有核芯激发组态的⁸⁹Y、⁹²Zr核波函数有较好的实验基础.最后,讨论了⁸⁹Y(α,p)⁹²Zr反应的截面绝对值问题,揭示了α浅势阱的重要性.     

88Y(n,2n)反应截面研究

本工作用相同复合系统的核反应替代法获得了入射中子能量在10.3MeV到17.4MeV区间不稳定靶核⁸⁸Y(n,2n)核反应截面,并把该结果同我们的理论计算结果及Prestwood等人的实验和理论计算结果进行了比较,比较结果表明这种替代测量法值得研究.     

Calculation of astrophysical reaction rate of 82Ge(n,γ)83Ge

The neutron capture reaction on a neutron-rich near closed-shell nucleus ⁸²Ge may play an important role in the r-process following the fallout from nuclear statistical equilibrium in core-collapse supernovae. By carrying out a DWBA analysis for the experimental angular distribution of ⁸²Ge(d, p)⁸³Ge reaction we obtain the single particle spectroscopic factors, S_2,5/2 and S_0,1/2 for the ground and first excited states of ⁸³Ge=⁸²Ge⊙n, respectively. And then these spectroscopic factors are used to calculate the direct capture cross sections for the ⁸²Ge(n, γ)⁸³Ge reaction at energies of astrophysical interest. The optical potential for neutron scattering on unstable nucleus ⁸²Ge is not known experimentally. We employed a real folding potential which was calculated by using the proper ⁸²Ge density distribution and an effective nucleon-nucleon force DDM3Y. The neutron capture reactions on neutron-rich closed-shell nuclei are expected to be dominated by the direct capture to bound states. We will show that the direct capture rates on these nuclei are sensitive to the structure of the low-lying states.     

58Ni(n,p),60Ni(n,p),62Ni(n,α)和54Fe(n,p)反应截面的测量与评价

本实验用活化法测量了中子能量在13.60MeV—17.77MeV的⁵⁸Ni(n,p)^58m+gCo,⁶⁰Ni(n,p)⁶⁰Co和⁶²Ni(n,α)⁵⁹Fe三个反应道的反应截面值,并计算了反应截面测量误差的协方差矩阵.实验的测量误差在3%—7%范围内.     

平面阻塞效应测量Ep=1565keV时27Al(p,α)24Mg共振反应寿命

采用(111)面阻塞效应测量了E_p=1565keV共振时²⁷Al(p,α)²⁴Mg核反应寿命。用解析方法分析实验数据。测到的核寿命τ=17.9_-4.0^+4.4as,与<110>轴阻塞效应测量结果和文献给出的结果在误差范围内一致。测量了E_p=1183.4keV时(111)面的α粒子的阻塞分布,并与理论计算作了比较。 关键词：     

59Co(n,p)59Fe,59Co(n,α)56Mn,59Co(n,2n)58Co反应截面的测量

本实验用活化法测量了中子能量在12.8MeV到17.8MeV的⁵⁹Co(n,p)⁵⁹Fe,⁵⁹Co(n,α)⁵⁶Mn,⁵⁹Co(n,2n)⁵⁸Co三个反应道的反应截面值,实验的测量误差在3.3%—6.9%范围内.     

60Ni(n,p)60Co反应截面测量

本文报告了E_n=13.6—14.8MeV中子能区用活化法以²⁷Al(n,α)²⁴Na截面为中子注量标准得的⁶⁰Ni(n,p)⁶⁰Co的反应截面.在E_n为 13.64,13.79,14.03,14.33,14.60,14.80MeV处的截面分别为184.4±12.2,178.8±10.5,171.4±10.3,161.9±9.6,157.0±9.3,147.5±8.9mb.在文章中还列举了所能收集的一些作者的数据以作比较.中子能量是用铌锆截面比法则定的.     

Angular distributions of γ-rays from four resonances of the55Mn(p, γ)56Fe reaction

Four resonances in the⁵⁵Mn(p, )⁵⁶ Fe reaction at the centre-of-mass proton beam energy E _P ^CM =1320, 1504, 1508 and 1649 keV were studied. Angular distributions for some strong -rays following the radiative decay of the resonances were measured and analysed in terms of the channel-spin formalism. Spin-parity assignmentI _r =3⁺, 4⁺ and 3⁺ was acquired for the 1320, 1504 and 1649 keV resonances, respectively. No definite assignment was established for the 1508 keV resonance and the resonance is assumed to be a very tight multiplet. Analysis of primary transitions to bound states of the Fe final nucleus permited us to assign these states. The 2⁺, 2⁺, 2⁺, 6⁺ and 4⁺ assignments were ascribed to the states at excitation energyE _x =5705, 5303, 4738, 4692 and 4658 keV, respectively, while for the 5132 keV state ambiguous assignment 3⁺ or 4⁺ was found. Multipole mixing ratio was established for some primaries. The coupling of angular momenta of proton and target nucleus in the formation of the 3⁺ resonances was also roughly discussed.Participated partly in the course of his work on diploma thesis.The authors wish to thank the staff of the Van de Graaff accelerator at Charles University in Prague for the efficient operation of the machine. One of us (M. X. T.) acknowledges the staff of the Dept. of Nuclear Physics of Charles University, Prague, for the excellent working conditions.     

关于介分子离子(αp,μ－)和(αp,2μ－)

应用ACQM理论和方法研究介分子离子(αp,μ^－)和(αp,2μ^－).发现(αp,μ^－)的基态(X²Σ⁺)为排斥态;(αp,2μ^－)为束缚态,平衡核间距R_e=0.0078bohr,能量极小值E=－551.78a.u..     

Estimation of radiative capture 13B(n,γ0+1)14B reaction rate in the modified potential cluster model

We discuss current attempts to employ the modified potential cluster model to describe the available experimental data on the ¹³B(n,γ₀₊₁)¹⁴B total cross-sections.The estimated results of the M1 and E1 transitions from the n¹³B scattering states to the ground and first excited states of ¹⁴B are presented.The 1^st resonance at E_x=1.275MeV(1⁺) is revealed in both the cross-section and reaction rate.Within the var...     

100Mo(n2n)99Mo,96Mo(n,p)96Nb和92Mo(n,α)89m+gZr反应截面测量

本文报告了在E_n=13.40—14.79MeV中子能区用活化法以²⁷Al(n,α)²⁴Na截面为中子注量标准测行的¹⁰⁰Mo(n2n)⁹⁹Mo,⁹⁶Mo(n,p)⁹⁶Nb和⁹²Mo(n,α)^89m+gZr的反应截面,中子能量是用铌锆截面比法测定的.文中将实验测量值与理论计算值进行了比较,还对上述三个反应的截面进行了编评,给出了推荐的激发曲线.     

Breakup of 8B and the 7Be(p, γ)8B reaction

The calculated rate of events in some of the existing solar neutrino detectors is directly proportional to the rate of the ⁷Be(p, γ)⁸B reaction measured in the laboratory at low energies. However, the low-energy cross sections of this reaction are quite uncertain as various measurements differ from each other by 30–40%. The Coulomb dissociation process which reverses the radiative capture by the dissociation of ⁸B in the Coulomb field of a target, provides an alternate way of accessing this reaction. While this method has several advantages (like large breakup cross sections and flexibility in the kinematics), the difficulties arise from the possible interference by the nuclear interactions, uncertainties in the contributions of the various multipoles and the higher order effects, which should be considered carefully. We review the progress made so far in the experimental measurements and theoretical analysis of the breakup of ⁸B and discuss the current status of the low-energy cross sections (or the astrophysical S-factor) of the ⁷Be(p, γ)⁸B reaction extracted therefrom. The future directions of the experimental and theoretical investigations are also suggested. Work supported by EPSRC, UK, grant nos J/95867 and L/94574.