Perturbation Analysis of Dielectric Grating Antenna with LHM Substrate

A dielectric grating leaky wave antenna with a substrate consisted of left handed material (LHM) is presented in this paper, the case where the n = −1 space harmonic of TM mode radiating into the space is carefully investigated through the improved perturbation analysis, which tremendously simplifies the analysis procedure with good calculation accuracy and brings considerable physical insight into the overall behavior of the dielectric grating antenna. It has been found that the new leaky wave antenna is of larger leakage constant than that of the traditional antenna with substrate of the right handed material (RHM). As a result the dimension of the antenna could be largely reduced, which is of practical significance for some applications. Extensive numerical results of the radiation characteristics are given to establish useful guidelines for the design of the new grating antenna.     

海战场高灵敏度电磁场传感器研究动向与发展

为了满足海战场对高灵敏度电场磁场传感器的需求,结合我国开展舰艇水下电磁场测试用特种传感器研究的经历,以及海战场应用的电磁场传感器有高灵敏度、智能化、低功耗、小体积、长期环境适应性等诸多特殊要求,提出了“分布发展与集中验证相结合”的发展思路和方法。通过对国内外高灵敏度磁场电场传感器的研究发展动向的分析,指出今后一段时间内光纤类电场磁场传感器、仿生类电场磁场传感器、阵列传感器等是水下电磁场探测进入实用的重要突破方向。     

New Electromagnetic Absorbers Composed of Left-handed and Right-handed Materials

New double-layered electromagnetic absorbers are presented in this paper. The new absorbers composed of one lossy left-handed material absorbing layer and one impedance matching layer consisted of lossless right-handed material. It is indicated that the reflection loss of below −20dB can be obtained in the frequency range 7GHz–13GHz. Power attenuation achieving −50dB of narrow frequency band electromagnetic absorbers can also be obtained by modulate permittivity of right-handed material. Furthermore, the thickness of the whole absorbing structure is only 2mm, which is particularly helpful in some practical applications. The presented results are of reference significance for accurate design of the new electromagnetic absorbers and of practical prospects for stealth technology.     

Electromagnetic similitude and inconsistency of laser scattering for scale model

In this paper the electromagnetic similitudes for lossy and dispersive system are discussed. If both the geometric size of an object and incident wavelength are scaling-down simultaneously by analogy with microwave band, the inconsistencies exist for laser scattering in visible and near infrared bands. Another method of measurements and simulation for laser scattering in the geometric model is analyzed. That is, the geometric size of the object is only scaled down but the incident wavelength, material and configuration are keeping to not change. Although this way does not satisfy the principles of the electrodynamic similitude, it can overcome the electromagnetic inconsistencies for laser scattering. It is possible that the LRCS of the full-scale tested object are evaluated by those of the corresponding scaling-down model at identical frequency to establish theoretical models and data basis for LRCS of objects.     

菲涅尔区板天线赋形波束的最优逼近

从赋形波束最优逼近的观点入手，应用加权余量法和Prony法，研究基于直线阵列激励方式及其阵元空间分布的优化设计，从而实现菲涅尔区板天线辐射波束及焦区场分布的最佳数值逼近技术。所用方法适合于对各种菲涅尔区聚焦结构物理赋形波束的最优逼近，相关研究一方面对于设计高性能的直线阵列天线具有重要的参考价值，另一方面，对于进一步深入研究菲涅尔区聚焦结构的工作机理具有理论指导意义。     

强激光脉冲电源电磁干扰的仿真与测试

 以往对强激光脉冲电源的电磁兼容性设计一般以经验性为主,难以确保电源的稳定性和可靠性。基于电源主体结构,提出一种定量分析和计算强电磁干扰的方法。对传导干扰的仿真和现场测试表明,机架上每米的地电位差小于10 V,机壳外的准静态磁场低于0.16×10^-4T。测试和计算结果表明,电源电磁兼容性符合设计要求。     

大功率高效率掺铒超荧光光纤光源及其应用

采用光纤反射环镜和双程后向结构,得到了最大输出功率30.6 mW、光光转换效率42.0%的大功率、高效率全光纤掺铒超荧光光源（SFS）.利用串接光纤光栅（FBG）和光纤型F-P腔,对其进行光谱分割,得到了稳定的多波长输出.实验结果和探讨对光谱分割多波长光源的研制具有指导意义.     

Design and Simulation of a Wide-Beam High-Power Parabolic Antenna with Dual-Source

For resolving the essential problem that the beam is too narrow in the application of the high-power UWB (Ultra-Wideband) antenna with single-source, a novel wide-beam high-power parabolic antenna with dual-source has been designed, and the edge of the paraboloid was cut in order to reduce the size of the antenna. Radiation properties of this proposed antenna are studied with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical method. The radiation properties of the proposed antenna can be improved by changing the structure of the parabolic antenna and adjusting the angle between the source and the axis of the antenna. The result shows that the beam-width has been improved significantly under the precondition of maintaining the peak power, and also the size of the antenna was minished by cutting the edge of the paraboloid.     

Electromagnetic scattering from a perfect electromagnetic conductor circular cylinder coated with a metamaterial having negative permittivity and/or permeability

Electromagnetic scattering of an incident uniform plane wave from a perfect electromagnetic conductor (PEMC) circular cylinder, coated with a metamaterial is investigated theoretically. In the analysis the coating layer may be double-positive (DPS), double-negative (DNG), epsilon-negative (ENG) or mu-negative (MNG). It is assumed that both PEMC cylinder and the coating layer are infinite along the cylinder axis. Both parallel and perpendicular polarization cases are considered for the analysis. Comparison between the monostatic and bistatic echo widths, of a PEMC cylinder coated with metamaterial and coated with ordinary dielectric material (DPS), is presented. The numerical results are compared with the published literature, and comparison is found to be in good agreement.     

Bragg Reflectors and Resonators in Microstrip Technology Based on Electromagnetic Crystal Structures

Recently, new promising two-dimensional (2-D) Photonic Bandgap Structures (PBG), or more properly Electromagnetic Crystal Structures, for microstrip lines have been proposed. In this paper, we analyze these structures in a manner like a Bragg reflector in optical wavelengths. Joining two of such Bragg like reflectors by means of a conventional microstrip transmission line allows one to design Bragg Resonators. The 2-D periodic pattern of the electromagnetic crystal structure is implemented with circles etched in the ground plane of the microstrip line by means of a numerical milling machine. Simulations have been performed by using HP ^TM Momentum and MDS software, and in accordance with the measurements give, for the Electromagnetic Crystal Structures, new promising potential applications both in microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits, and also in the experimentation of expensive short wavelength (including photonic) devices by using simpler and cheaper microwave down scaling.     

应用高阶有限元-局部共形完全匹配层算法分析电磁散射问题

提出局部共形完全匹配层在高阶有限元中的实现方法,用于分析三维电磁散射问题.基于定义在局部高阶单元上的实坐标、复坐标以及参数坐标三者之间的映射关系,局部共形完全匹配层不仅能够贴近复杂结构散射体的外廓形状设置截断区域,有效地缩减有限元分析区域,而且由于保证了较高的几何拟合精度,可以有效地提高数值计算结果的准确性.利用这种结合局部共形完全匹配层的高阶有限元方法分析不同目标的电磁散射特性,数值结果表明方法的正确性和有效性.     

Electromagnetic coupling reduction in dual-band microstrip antenna array using ultra-compact single-negative electric metamaterials for MIMO application

In this paper, an ultra-compact single negative(SNG) electric waveguided metamaterial(WG-MTM) is first investigated and used to reduce the mutual coupling in E H planes of a dual-band microstrip antenna array. The proposed SNG electric WG-MTM unit cell is designed by etching two different symmetrical spiral lines on the ground, and has two stopbands operating at 1.86 GHz and 2.40 GHz. The circuit size is very compact, which is only λ_0/33.6 ×λ_0/15.1(where λ_0 is the wavelength at 1.86 GHz in free space). Taking advantage of the dual-stopband property of the proposed SNG electric WG-MTM, a dual-band microstrip antenna array operating at 1.86 GHz and 2.40 GHz with very low mutual coupling is designed by embedding a cross shaped array of the proposed SNG electric WG-MTM. The measured and simulated results of the designed dual-band antenna array are in good agreement with each other, indicating that the mutual coupling of the fabricated dual-band antenna array realizes 9.8/11.1 d B reductions in the H plane, 8.5/7.9 d B reductions in the E plane at1.86 GHz and 2.40 GHz, respectively. Besides, the distance of the antenna elements in the array is only 0.35 λ_0(where λ_0 is the wavelength at 1.86 GHz in free space). The proposed strategy is used for the first time to reduce the mutual coupling in E H planes of the dual-band microstrip antenna array by using ultra-compact SNG electric WG-MTM.     

基于电磁振动上料的茶梗和昆虫异物近红外光谱和荧光图像在线检测研究

茶叶是大众青睐的健康饮品之一,但茶叶在机器采收和加工过程中,容易混入茶梗和昆虫异物,污染茶叶、影响其质量安全,是未来应防范和检测的重点。X射线成像技术,根据食品基质和异物的密度差实施检测,广泛适用于金属异物并延伸至高密度塑料,但对于茶梗、昆虫这类低密度有机异物尚不适用,所以迫切需要研发新型无损检测技术和方法。针对片状茶叶重叠、遮掩异物的问题,提出了电磁振动上料辅助近红外光谱和荧光图像的检测方案,进行绿茶中的内源性异物茶梗和外源性异物昆虫的在线检测研究。通过电磁振动上料辅助近红外光谱和荧光成像系统,采集了600～1 050 nm范围的近红外光谱600条和RGB-N四通道图像各65幅。采用451条光谱进行建模,其余149条光谱作为预测集,评估模型的性能,比较了去趋势(Detrending)、多元散射校正(MSC)、标准正态变换(SNV)、变权重正态变换(VSN)、迭代自适应加权惩罚最小二乘法(airPLS)、不对称最小二乘法(ALS)、光程估计与校正(OPLEC)等不同光谱预处理方法的处理效果,其中OPLEC能较好地消除散射效应,偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)模型的正确识别率由78%提...     

SPA-PLS的高含水原油近红外光谱含水率分析

准确及时的检测原油含水率对注水策略调整、原油开采能力评估、油井开发寿命预测等均具有重要意义。然而,当前我国大多数油田均已进入高含水的开发中晚期,含水率测量难度大且准确率不高。在此背景下,开展了高含水情况下利用近红外光谱进行原油含水率测量的研究。 首先介绍了目前原油含水率检测的常用方法,分析了它们的优劣。理论上,由于水的近红外光吸收带与原油中C-H键的吸收带有明显区别,根据Lambert-Beer吸收定律和吸光度线性叠加定律可知,不同含水率高含水原油近红外光谱会存在较强响应差异。为此,对高含水原油进行近红外光谱检测,建立原油含水率与近红外光谱响应间的非线性映射模型,可实现高含水原油含水率的精确测量。为了验证该方法的有效性,搭建了近红外光谱数据采集实验装置：采用白炽灯作为光源,经过光路调节成平行光后垂直射入样品池,用近红外光谱仪（海洋光学NIR512）采集光谱用于分析。其中,接收光谱仪带宽为900～1 700 nm,平均分成512个波段。光谱数据利用光谱仪配套软件储存在电脑中。样本采用相同厚度不同比例的油水混合物,样本含水率范围为70%～99%,共采集数据60组,每组重复3次取平均值。得到原始数据后,先进行原始数据预处理,以减少数据采集时来自高频随机噪音及温度不稳定、样本不均匀、基线漂移、光散射等不利因素的影响。分别选用了S-G滤波、一阶导数和S-G滤波+一阶导数作为数据预处理的方法,利用连续投影算法(SPA)对光谱数据进行降维,并利用偏最小二乘法（PLS）和多元线性回归（MLR）进行建模,模型精度通过计算均方根误差值（RMSE）和相关系数（r）来验证。对比发现,使用S-G滤波+一阶导数建立的模型RMSE值最小（RMSE=0.007 0,r=0.998 3）。使用SPA降维后的模型要优于全波段PLS模型（RMSE=0.083 3,r=0.920 6）与MLR模型（RMSE=0.099 9,r=0.967 1）。利用SPA提取出的31个特征波长建立的模型仅占全波段的6.05%,并获得了较好的精度。证明了利用光谱检测高含水原油含水率可行性,并且得到了满意的精度,为高含水原油的含水率检测提供了新的方法, 为进一步利用近红外光进行高含水原油的快速检测与在线监测提供参考。     

快前沿纳秒高压脉冲源的开发及实验研究

 针对国际电工委员会1996年制定的IEC61000-2-9和美国国防部1999年修定的MIL-STD-461E标准提出的高空核爆电磁脉冲波形，研制了一台新型纳秒高压脉冲源。其产生的双指数波脉冲前沿小于3ns，脉宽58ns，幅度可达4kV，此外还可产生前沿小于2ns、幅度最高为4kV的脉冲方波；两种脉冲均可实现单次和间歇可调输出。介绍了脉冲源的电路设计和调试结果，通过实验对比了MIL-STD-461E与MIL-STD-461D两种双指数波形条件下某测控系统模块的干扰耦合效应。     

示差折光检测-高效液相色谱内标法测定虫草中的甘露醇

研究了用示差折光检测 ,高效液相色谱内标法测定虫草中甘露醇的方法。虫草样品中的甘露醇用水超声振荡浸取 ,浸取液用 ZORBAX- C18固相萃取小柱预分离 ,以海藻糖为内标物 ,ZORBAX钙型阳离子交换柱为固定相 ,0 .0 5 g/L EDTA钙钠水溶液为流动相 ,示差折光仪为检测器检测虫草样品中的甘露醇含量。检出限在微克级 ,方法用于几种虫草样品的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

偏硼酸锂固体及其熔体结构的高温Raman光谱研究

本文对偏硼酸锂（ＬｉＢＯ２）从室温到１６７３Ｋ进行了Ｒａｍａｎ光谱测试,得到了其在不同温度下的Ｒａｍａｎ谱图。通过分析,阐述了常温下的链状ＢＯ３三角形结构在熔化后逐渐转变为六角环（Ｂ３Ｏ６）＾３－,即相变过程;以及在１２７３Ｋ后,由长链和六角环结构转化为ＣＲＮ（Ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ Ｒｕｌｅｌｅｓｓ Ｎｅｔｗｏｒｋ,ＢＯ３单元组成的连续无规网络）的新的相平衡移动过程。通过各谱峰在相平衡移动过程中相     

High dynamic range imaging for fringe projection profilometry with single-shot raw data of the color camera

It is a challenging issue to get satisfied results in terms of 3D imaging for shiny surface with fringe projection profilometry (FPP), as the wide variation of surface reflectance for shiny surface will lead to bad exposure, which requires the high dynamic range imaging (HDRI) technique. HDRI with monochromatic illumination and single-shot raw data of the color camera is presented in this paper. From the single-shot raw data, 4 monochrome sub-images corresponding to R, G, G and B channels can be separated respectively. After the attenuation ratios between R&G, G&B channels are calibrated, an image with higher dynamic range can be synthesized with the 4 sub-images, which can help to avoid the impact of bad exposure and improve the accuracy of phase calculation. Experiments demonstrate the validity of proposed method for shiny surface.     

High gain and circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide cavity antenna array based on metasurface

Two substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity antenna arrays based on metasurface are proposed in this paper. By rotating the metasurface element, circularly polarized and high gain antennas are achieved respectively. Firstly, multi-mode resonance theory is employed to broaden the bandwidth of the slot antenna. And then, an SIW cavity composed of 4×4 cornercut elements is added on the top of the slot antenna to achieve the circular polarization and improve the front-to-back ratio. Thirdly, the metasurface elements are sequentially rotated and a high gain antenna with 2-dBi enhancement on average in the operation band is obtained. Based on the two antenna units, two 2×2 antenna arrays are designed. The circularly polarized and high gain antenna arrays are both fabricated to verify the correctness. Furthermore, the novel wideband phase shifter is employed in the circularly polarized antenna to obtain an operating bandwidth of 38% (4.05 GHz-5.95 GHz) and AR bandwidth of 24.9% (4.4 GHz-5.65 GHz). The bandwidth of the high gain antenna can reach 42.7% (3.95 GHz-6.1 GHz) and with the gain enhancement of 2 dBi compared with that of the circularly polarized antenna. The gain remains steady in most of operating band within a variation of 1 dBi. It is remarkable that the rotating of the metasurface element has a great influence on the antenna performance, which provides a new explication for the multi-function antenna design.