新型咔唑桥联双咪唑盐的合成、表征及抑菌活性

以咔唑作为桥联基团,合成了两个新型N-杂环卡宾前体3,6-二（3'-（N-苯基-2-乙酰胺基）咪唑）-9-乙基咔唑二氯化物(L)和3,6-二（3'-乙基咪唑）六氟磷酸盐(M),其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和XRD表征。初步的抑菌实验结果表明,化合物L和M对金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌具有一定的抑菌作用。      

6-取代氨基-2-烷硫基腺苷化合物的合成及抗血小板凝聚活性

以鸟苷(1)为原料, 经过糖环保护得到2',3',5'-三-O-乙酰基鸟嘌呤核苷(2), 化合物2与三氯氧磷反应得到2-氨基-6-氯-9-(2',3',5'-三-O-乙酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖基)嘌呤(3), 化合物3经重氮化后再与二烷基二硫醚反应得到2-烷硫基-6-氯-9-(2',3',5'-三-O-乙酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖基)嘌呤(4a~4d), 化合物4a~4d与胺进行亲核取代反应后, 脱去糖环保护得到12个新型的6-取代氨基-2-烷硫基腺苷化合物(5a~5l). 采用¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和高分辨质谱(HRMS)对目标化合物的结构进行了确证, 并对所有化合物进行了体外抗血小板聚集活性测试. 结果表明, 当测试浓度为10 μmol/L时, 化合物5a~5l仍具有一定的抗凝活性, 其中, 6-(3-苯基丙基)氨基-2-丙硫基腺苷(5d)活性最为显著, 抑制率可达90.2%.     

含长碳烷基核苷氢亚磷酸酯衍生物的合成与表征

通过将抗病毒药物核苷(3'-叠氮-2',3'-二脱氧胸苷AZT或2',3'-二脱氢-2',3'-二脱氧胸苷d4T)与三氯化磷反应, 然后在不同的醇解试剂作用下, 一锅法合成得到6个含长链烷基的核苷氢亚磷酸二酯衍生物, 并采用³¹P NMR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和ESI-MS对其结构进行了表征.     

噻吩-咔唑-苯衍生物的设计、合成及电致变色性质

以苯和二联苯单元为核,分别在其1,4位和4,4'(对位)引入噻吩-咔唑单元,设计合成了9,9'-(1,4-亚苯基)双[3,6-双(2-噻吩)]-9-氢-咔唑(BTCPh)和9,9'-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二取代基双[3,6-双(2-噻吩)]-9-氢-咔唑(BTCBPh)2种化合物;再通过电化学聚合得到相应的交联结构聚合物,分别为聚9,9'-(1,4-亚苯基)双[3,6-双(2-噻吩)]-9-氢-咔唑(p BTCPh)和聚9,9'-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二取代基双[3,6-双(2-噻吩)]-9-氢-咔唑(p BTCBPh)薄膜.利用循环伏安法(CV)、多电位阶跃、紫外-可见-近红外(UV-Vis-NIR)吸收光谱和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对其进行了表征与电化学性能测试.结果表明,2种聚合物均表现出良好的电化学性质、相似的颜色变化、较高的光学对比度及电化学循环稳定性等优异的电致变色性质.p BTCPh聚合物薄膜比p BTCBPh表现出更快的响应速度,这可能是由于前者具有更加均匀规整的堆积结构,有利于变色过程中的离子嵌入与脱出所致.     

主客体包结法选择分离白花前胡的化学成分

以1,1,6,6-四苯基-2,4-己二炔-1,6-二醇为主体分子, 可简单、迅速地从白花前胡粗提物中选择分离有效成分3'-乙酰氧基-4'-β-羟基丙酰氧基-3',4'-二氢邪蒿内酯, 收率为0.17%. IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR光谱和单晶衍射证实了包结化合物的形成及其晶体结构, 并且用气相色谱方法(GC)评价了选择分离效果.     

葛根素4'-位和7-位衍生物的合成及其抗缺氧活性

以葛根素为起始原料,经醚化反应制备中间体4′-O-(3-溴丙基)葛根素（3）和7-O-(3-溴丙基)葛根素（4）, 3和4分别经胺化反应合成葛根素衍生物4′-O-[3-(4-吗啉基-丙基]葛根素（1）和7-O-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙基]葛根素（2）,其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、 HR-MS(ESI-TOF)和NOE表征,其中4和2为新化合物。通过小鼠常压抗缺氧实验对葛根素及1和2的活性进行评价,结果显示葛根素、1和2灌胃给药对缺氧小鼠存活时间的延长率分别为24.43%、 10.62%、 28.63%,化合物2的抗缺氧活性与葛根素相当,化合物1则较葛根素弱。     

高海拔大马士革玫瑰的黄酮类化学成分

为研究高海拔种植大马士革玫瑰的化学成分,采用95%乙醇为溶剂进行连续回流提取,并采用硅胶、聚酰胺、C18及Sephadex LH-20凝胶等材料行分离纯化,最终得到了9个黄酮醇类化合物（1, 3, 5～11）和两个黄酮类化合物（2和4）,其结构经¹H NMR和¹³C NMR表征并结合理化方法鉴定为：5,7-二羟基-3,6,4'-二甲氧基黄酮醇（1）、 5,7-二羟基-6,4'-二甲氧基黄酮（2）、 5,7,4'-三羟基-3,6-甲氧基黄酮醇（3）、 5,7-二羟基-6,8,4'-三甲氧基黄酮（4）、 5,4'-二羟基-3,6,7-二甲氧基黄酮醇（5）、 5,7-二羟基-3,6,8,4'-三甲氧基黄酮醇（6）、 8-甲氧基山奈酚（7）、山奈酚（8）、槲皮素（9）、槲皮素 3-O-a-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷（10）、银锻苷（11）,其中化合物1～5为首次从蔷薇属植物中分离得到,化合物1～7、 10、 11为首次从大马士革玫瑰中分离得到。      

3-芳氧基-1-丙胺类HIV-1 Tat/PCAF BRD抑制剂的合成及生物活性

为了研究HIV-1 Tat/PCAF BRD抑制剂的构效关系, 合成了6个3-芳氧基-1-丙胺类化合物. 以取代的2-硝基苯酚为起始原料, 在常规加热和微波辐射加热下与1,3-二溴丙烷反应合成3-(2-硝基芳氧基)-1-溴丙烷(3), 结果显示, 微波辐射加热比常规加热下的反应速度明显加快, 收率有所提高. 3和邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾进行N-烷基化反应合成了2-[3-(芳氧基)-丙基]二氢异吲哚-1,3-二酮, 再经肼解得到了目标化合物, 所有化合物的结构均经FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR及HRMS确证. ELISA检测法测定了它们体外抑制HIV-1 Tat/PCAF BRD的活性, 并对影响活性的因素进行了讨论.     

2D-NMR研究中国生漆漆酚结构

用离心旋转薄层层析法在涂渍AgNO₃的硅胶板上成功地分离了乙酰化漆酚。对其主要组分(64.6%),用¹H、¹³C常规谱,DEPT编辑谱,同核、异核化学位移相关二维谱,二维J谱,异核中继相干传递二维谱及弛豫时间T₁等,确定了此化合物的结构与构型和¹H、¹³C谱线归属。实验证明漆酚中此组分是3-十五碳烯烃(8′Z、11′E、13′Z)邻苯二酚,异核中继相干传递二维谱新技术能有效地应用于复杂未知化合物的结构测定。     

N-(9,9-二苯基-9H-芴-2-基)-N,9-二苯基-9H-咔唑-2-胺的合成

以邻溴硝基苯为起始原料,经Suzuki偶联反应、Cadogan关环反应、Ullmam反应、Buchwald反应等合成了目标产物N-(9,9-二苯基-9H-芴-2-基)-N,9-二苯基-9H-咔唑-2-胺,其结构经¹H NMR、 ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)确证,并采用TG-DSC、 UV-Vis对产物的热稳定性能和光学性能进行了研究。      

几种芴衍生物(有机材料增感剂)的13C核磁共振研究

利用FX-60Q脉冲付里叶变换核磁共振波谱仪(磁场强度为14093高斯,观察频率为15.04MH_z)测定了四种劳衍生物的非去偶谱、偏共振谱和质子完全去偶谱。借助于偏共振技术、质子噪声(宽带)去偶、取代基化学位移加合规则以及模式化合物比较,确定了各峰的化学位移和一键、二键及三键偶合常数。实验结果表明,用化学位移和偶合常数的值除帮助识别各峰的归属外,还能推断未知化合物的碳键状态及取代基电负性的大小,对鉴别化合物结构可提供有用的线索。     

几种多取代吡咯的NMR研究(Ⅰ)

本文测定了1-笨基-2-甲基-3-乙酰基-5-对氯苯基吡咯(I)等十个多取代吮咯的¹HNMR谱和其中五个化合物的¹³CNMR谱。归属了共振谱线,证实了各化合物的分子结构。得到了2-甲基-3-乙酰基-5-对氯苯基吡咯基-1在苯衍生物中的经验取代基增量。     

Orientational ordering in the nematic phase of 4-alkenyl-substituted bicyclohexylnitriles

The orientational ordering of a series of 4-alkenyl-substituted bicyclohexyl liquid crystals was studied by natural abundance ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. A combination of the methods of variable angle spinning (VAS) and separated local field spectroscopy (SLF) was used. Rapid sample spinning about an axis forming an angle of about 65° with respect to the magnetic field forces the nematic director to align parallel to the spinnin axis, leading to narrow peaks in the ¹³C NMR spectrum. The two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic method SLF allows the observation of decoupled ¹³C signals in the ω₂ dimension and first-order C-H splitting patterns in the ω₁ dimension, from which the C-H dipolar coupling constants for individual pairs of nuclei can be obtained. Then, the order parameters for different molecular segments can be calculated. The method was applied to five different 4-alkenyl-substituted cyanobicyclohexanes. For the compounds studied, the dependence of the ring order parameters on the alkenyl chains shows the same trend as the melting and clearing temperatures and the elastic constants.     

Orientational ordering of ferroelectric thiobenzoate liquid crystals

The orientational ordering of a series of ferroelectric thiobenzoate liquid crystals was studied by natural abundance ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The technique used was a combination of variable angle spinning (VAS) and separated local field spectroscopy (SLF). With rapid sample spinning about an axis forming an angle of c. 45° with respect to the magnetic field, the smectic director aligns parallel to the spinning axis, leading to narrow peaks in the ¹³C NMR spectrum. The two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic method SLF allows the observation of decoupled ¹³C signals in the ω2 dimension and first-order Csbnd;H splitting patterns in the ω1 dimension, from which the dipolar C-H coupling constants for individual bonds can be obtained. The order parameters for different molecular segments of eight different compounds, all containing two phenyl rings linked by a thioester group, were obtained this way. A considerable influence of length, branching and chirality of the aliphatic chain on the order parameters was observed.     

Stemmosides C and D, two novel unusual pregnane glycosides from Solenostemma argel: structural elucidation and configurational study by a combined NMR-quantum mechanical strategy

Stemmosides C and D, two novel pregnane glycosides characterized by an unusual C-17 side chain were isolated from the pericarps of Solenostemma argel. In addition, stemmoside D displays an uncommon 14β proton configuration, apparently being the first pregnane isolated from plants known to have a 15 keto, cis CD ring junction. Their structures have been established by ESIMS and NMR experiments. The relative configuration of the molecules was determined using a strategy based on the simulation of ¹H, ¹³C, and J coupling NMR parameters. DFT calculations of ¹H and ¹³C chemical shifts, and of the ¹H homonuclear spin–spin coupling constants were performed with the mPW1PW91 functional using the 6-31G(d,p) basis set on the fully optimized geometries of all the possible stereoisomers.     

C and H nuclear magnetic shielding and spin–spin coupling constants of C-enriched bromomethane in the gas phase

¹³C and ¹H NMR spectral parameters are investigated for ¹³CH₃Br in gaseous matrices. It is found that both the ¹³C and ¹H chemical shifts of ¹³CH₃Br are linearly dependent on solvent density. Similar dependence is also detected for one-bond spin–spin coupling, ¹J(CH). For the first time the ¹³C and ¹H magnetic shielding constants and ¹J(CH) spin–spin coupling are obtained for an isolated ¹³CH₃Br molecule together with the coefficients responsible for solute–solvent molecular interactions in gaseous matrices. The present experimental results confirm the accuracy of some recent ab initio calculations of nuclear magnetic shielding performed for bromomethane.     

Direkte und indirekte metallierung von endo-dicylopentadien. Sn- und C-NMR studie stannylierter folgeprodukte

endo-Dicyclopentadiene (1) can be metalated by use of simple procedures with good overall yields. The attack occurs at the various vinyl, rather than at the allyl, positions of 1 as was confirmed by trapping the carbanions with Me₃SnCl. When t-BuLi/TMEDA are used, the 8- and 9-stannyl derivatives (3 and 4) are formed, whereas an excess of n-BuLi/t-BuOK leads to doubly stannylated derivatives with Me₃Sn groups in position 4/8 (6), 4/9 (7), and 3/9 (8) in addition to 3 and 4. Furthermore the latter reaction yields 5,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)cyclopentadiene (5). With stoichiometric amounts of n-BuLi/t-BuOK the formation of 3 and 4 predominates over that of 5–8. 5 is obtained from 1 after deprotonation at the allyl position, followed by an extremely fast retro-Diels-Alder reaction and then by further deprotonation. This follows from two experiments: (1) exo- and endo-5-trimethylstannyl-endo-dicyclopentadiene (11 and 12) which are synthesized from 1 in three steps give cyclopentadienyllithium and 1 when treated with methyllithium at −78°C; (2) cyclopentadiene reacts with an excess of n-BuLi/t-BuOK and Me₃SnCl to give 5. When 12 is heated syn-10-trimethylstannyl-endo-dicyclopentadiene (13) is obtained. The eight stannyl derivatives of 1 are identified mainly from the following NMR parameters: δ(¹¹⁹Sn), δ(¹³C), δ(¹H), ⁿJ(^119/117Sn---¹³C), and ⁶J(¹¹⁹Sn---^119/117Sn). The ¹³C NMR satellite spectrum of 1 yields the isotope shifts ¹Δ¹³(i(¹³C(j)) and ¹J(¹³C---¹³C). The latter lead to the revision of earlier signal assignments.     

The structure of the antibiotic hedamycin—III : C NMR spectra of hedamycin and kidamycin

The ¹³C NMR spectra of hedamycin, kidamycin and some of their derivatives have been fully assigned. Proton coupling constants and ¹³C NMR acetylation shifts indicate that the conformations of the highly substituted tetrahydropyran rings in solution are chair forms for ring E, as well as for ring F in isokidamycins, but a twist form for ring F in hedamycins and kidamycins.     

Calculation of second-order properties with improved virtual orbitals

¹³C---H nuclear spin coupling and ¹³C shielding constants of CH₄, C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₂H₂ are calculated by means of the second-order perturbation theory and MO LCAO wavefunctions. The aim of this paper is to test the ability of the recently proposed virtual orbitals to accelerte the convergence of the sum over states, compared to the calculation with canonical MO's. The ¹³C---H nuclear spin coupling constants show a significant improvement, the changes of the ¹³C shielding are insignificant.