层层自组装法制备碳纳米管/酶多层膜电极及其检测酚类物质

将十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）分散的碳纳米管(CNTs)和辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)通过层层组装方法构筑HRP多层膜酶电极,并将其用于酚类物质的分析检测研究。紫外-可见光谱表明,SDS分散的CNTs可与HRP均匀有效地组装构筑多层酶膜。电化学研究表明,CNTs的引入很好地提高了HRP电极的灵敏度;随着CNTs/HRP组装层数的增加,电极的电化学响应增加。研究结果表明该HRP电极对酚类物质（邻苯二酚、对苯二酚和苯酚）的分析检测具有宽的线性范围、好的灵敏度和抗干扰性。     

基于聚亚甲基蓝和碳纳米管/辣根过氧化物酶的有机过氧化物传感器

本文结合层层组装法和电化学聚合法,制备了电子介体聚亚甲基蓝(PMB)修饰的碳纳米管(CNTs)/辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)多层膜有机过氧化物传感器。利用电化学阻抗表征了(CNTs/HRP)n的层层组装过程,探讨了不同HRP层数对传感器响应的影响,并研究了传感器对有机过氧化物过氧化氢叔丁基、过氧化氢异丙基苯的电催化还原性能。该传感器对过氧化氢叔丁基的线性检测范围为1.75×10-5～7.25×10-3mol/L,检测限为1.36×10-6 mol/L;对过氧化氢异丙基苯的线性检测范围为3.87×10-6～1.47×10-3 mol/L,检测限为6.48×10-7 mol/L。     

辣根过氧化物酶活性膜结构及生物电催化性能

通过分子沉积法研究了在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）表面及金电极表面组装辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）/聚对苯乙烯磺酸钠（PSS）多层生物活性膜，用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了组装膜的表面形貌，并研究了组装膜的形貌、粗糙度和活性关系.应用循环伏安法（CV）研究了组装HRP膜后电极对H2O2的电化学催化还原作用.实验发现，采用亚甲基蓝（MB）溶液为介质，在H2O2浓度为0.2～5.0 mmol•L－1时，其响应电流对H2O2浓度变化基本呈线性.     

碳纳米管修饰电极同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)分散碳纳米管(CNTs),通过层层组装(LBL)聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDDA)和CNTs构筑PDDA/CNTs多层膜电极.利用紫外-可见光谱法对PDDA/CNTs多层膜的组装过程进行监测,用循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究了邻苯二酚和对苯二酚同时存在时PDDA/CNTs多层膜电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,碳纳米管修饰电极对邻苯二酚和对苯二酚有较好的电催化活性和电分离作用,邻苯二酚和对苯二酚无需经过分离即可同时被检出.在修饰电极上的线性范围如下:邻苯二酚为2.0×10-6~1.4×10-4mol/L,线性相关系数R=0.9991;对苯二酚为2.0×10-6~1.4×10-4mol/L,线性相关系数R=0.9987.     

糖蛋白-凝集素自组装构筑有序膜及在酶电极的应用

利用糖蛋白-凝集素的识别作用交替沉积伴刀豆球蛋白（Con A）与辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)制备酶自组装多层膜，用原子力显微镜（AFM）观测了自组装膜的表面形貌、表面粗糙度； AFM和椭圆偏振研究测定了自组装膜的厚度.结果表明, Con A和HRP膜厚分别为9.0和4.6 nm，与两者的晶体衍射结果一致，说明生物识别自组装方法能很好地保持分子的原有形态.以亚甲蓝（MB）溶液为介体，用循环伏安法测定了表面修饰了三层（Con A/HRP）自组装膜的金电极对H2O2的电化学催化还原作用，在H2O2浓度为0.2～1.0 mmol•L－1时，响应电流对H2O2浓度变化成线性，酶电极灵敏度为24.0 mA•mol－1•L，表观米氏常数为4.2 mmol•L－1.     

CNTs/TiO2多孔复合膜的组装及光催化性能

提出了一种在掺氟的SnO2(FTO)导电玻璃上组装碳纳米管(CNTs)/Fe-Ni/TiO2多孔复合膜光催化剂的新方法.采用喷涂热解法(SPD)将掺杂镍和铁的含有嵌段聚合物P123的二氧化钛前驱体溶胶涂覆在FTO导电玻璃上,制备Fe-Ni/TiO2多孔膜,再采用化学气相沉积法(CVD)在Fe-Ni/TiO2膜上原位生长CNTs,得到CNTs/Fe-Ni/TiO2多孔复合膜光催化剂.CNTs/Fe-Ni/TiO2复合膜具有多级孔结构特征,在TiO2表面原位生长的CNTs不但具有较好的石墨化结构,且CNTs较均匀地分布在整个膜层的孔中.考察了CNTs/Fe-Ni/TiO2复合膜光催化剂的结构和性能,并通过降解甲基橙溶液评价了复合膜的光催化活性.结果表明,CNTs的复合及铁和镍的掺杂等改性显著提高了TiO2膜材料的光催化活性.     

基于巯基乙酸与离子液体共修饰的过氧化氢生物传感器的研究

采用静电组装技术,将离子液体[Bmim]PF6与辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)交替固定在巯基乙酸修饰的金电极表面,制备了(HRP/[Bmim]PF6)n多层组装膜,并通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和傅立叶红外反射光谱(ATR-FTIR)对制备的组装膜进行了表征.以对苯二酚为电子媒介体,过氧化氢在(HRP/[Bmim]PF6)2双层组装膜传感器上的线性范围为1.6×10-6 ～2.5×10-3 mol/L,检出限为5.7×10-7 mol/L(S/N=3),达到95%稳态电流用时少于5 s,Kappm值为0.048 mmol/L,表明所固定的酶具有较高的生物活性.     

锇—聚乙烯吡啶复合物与辣根过氧化物酶分子多层膜的制备及其电化学性质研究

基于分子间静电相互作用力，将锇－聚乙烯吡啶复合物（PVP－OS）与辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）交替沉积于固体基质表面，制得了包含生物成分的分子多层膜，膜层间的聚合物分子起到了粘接与导电的双重作用，用紫外－可见光谱法跟踪了石英基片上的组装过程，研究了多层膜电极对过氧化氢的电催化还原性能，并描述了多层膜电化学行为。     

基于层层组装钴铝水滑石/聚电解质包裹碳纳米管的无酶葡萄糖传感器

采用共沉淀法合成了钴铝水滑石(CoAl-LDH),将CoAl-LDH与PSS包裹的CNTs(CNTs@PSS)通过层层自组装法构筑CNTs@PSS/CoAl-LDH多层膜电极,并将其应用于葡萄糖的分析测定。X射线衍射光谱、红外光谱和SEM表明:共沉淀法合成的CoAl-LDH具有典型的水滑石特征峰及形貌。电化学阻抗谱表明:CoAl-LDH可与CNTs@PSS均匀有效地组装构筑多层膜。电化学研究表明:CNTs的引入很好地提高了CoAl-LDH修饰电极的灵敏度。研究结果表明该传感器对葡萄糖在3.0×10-6～4.98×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性响应,灵敏度为1.03×10-3A.L/mol。     

基于硫堇/碳纳米管修饰电极的新型过氧化氢电化学传感器

基于碳纳米管(CNTs)和硫堇(Th)的协同效应,将辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)通过戊二醛(GA)交联作用固定在硫堇(Th)/CNTs修饰电极上,构造了一种新型酶电极(HRP/GA-Th/CNTs/GC)。CNTs静电吸附正电荷的Th,而Th不仅可以促进电极和酶的氧化还原活性中心之间的电子传递,而且能使CNTs氨基(—NH2)功能化,从而利于HRP的固定。基于HRP/GA-Th/CNTs/GC电极的过氧化氢传感器具有较好的传感性能,且检出限低(0.3μmol.L-1)、响应时间短(5 s内)、抗干扰能力强。     

Magnetic assembled electrochemical platform using Fe2O3 filled carbon nanotubes and enzyme

A novel electrochemical nanostructured biosensor based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been constructed by magnetic assembly method. The magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (M-MWNTs) were prepared by introducing Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles into the nanotubes. Thus the multilayered functional platform could be assembled with the aid of magnetic field. The horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was employed as a model enzyme to demonstrate the final performance of the nanostructured biosensor. SEM, UV–vis spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques were used for characterization of assembly process. The resulting three-dimensional M-MWNTs/HRP multilayer films have showed satisfactory stability, biocompatibility and electrochemical properties.     

The Modification of Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrodes with Amino Group and Its Application to Construct a H2O2 Biosensor

Electrooxidation of thionine on screen‐printed carbon electrode gives rise to the modification of the surface with amino groups for the covalent immobilization of enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The biosensor was constructed using multilayer enzymes which covalently immobilized onto the surface of amino groups modified screen‐printed carbon electrode using glutaraldehyde as a bifunctional reagent. The multilayer assemble of HRP has been characterized with the cyclic voltammetry and the faradaic impedance spectroscopy. The H₂O₂ biosensor exhibited a fast response (2 s) and low detection limit (0.5 μM).     

基于金纳米棒-辣根过氧化物酶协同效应的过氧化苯甲酰生物传感器

将金纳米棒(AuNRs)和辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)以自组装的方式依次修饰到Au电极表面,构建了响应过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)生物传感器。采用循环伏安法和电流时间法研究了传感器的电化学性质和最佳工作条件;由于HRP/AuNRs复合膜的协同效应,电极性能得到显著改善。在最佳工作条件下(工作电压-0.02V,pH 7的磷酸盐缓冲体系),BPO浓度在5.0×10-6～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内与电极的电流响应值呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为:i(μA)=12.6796C(mmol/L)+0.2406,R=0.9993。电极的检出限为8.5×10-7 mol/L。电极用于面粉中BPO的测定,平行测定6次,平均回收率为97.9%～100.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.5%～2.1%。本方法用于商品面粉中的BPO测定,取得满意结果。     

Enhancement of a conducting polymer-based biosensor using carbon nanotube-doped polyaniline

A biosensor with improved performance was developed through the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) onto electropolymerized polyaniline (PANI) films doped with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The effects of electropolymerization cycle and CNT concentration on the response of the biosensor toward H₂O₂ were investigated. It was found that the application of CNTs in the biosensor system could increase the amount and stability of the immobilized enzyme, and greatly enhanced the biosensor response. Compared with the biosensor without CNTs, the proposed biosensor exhibited enhanced stability and approximately eight-fold sensitivity. A linear range from 0.2 to 19 μM for the detection of H₂O₂ was observed for the proposed biosensor, with a detection limit of 68 nM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 and a response time of less than 5 s.     

静电层层组装的微量热研究

利用静电层层组装技术,在CaCO3微球表面交替沉积带相反电荷的聚电解质制备多层膜。在静电层层组装过程中伴随热效应出现,借助微量热仪对该热效应进行精确测定,从而为层层组装过程提供一种新的表征手段。     

A biosensor prepared by co-entrapment of a glucose oxidase and a carbon nanotube within an electrochemically deposited redox polymer multilayer

A glucose biosensor based on a nanocomposite made by layer-by-layer electrodeposition of the redox polymer into a multilayer containing glucose oxidase (GOx) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) surface was developed. The objectives of the electrodeposition of redox polymer are to stabilize further the multilayer using a coordinative cross-linked redox polymer and to wire the GOx. The electrochemistry of the layer-by-layer assembly of the GOx/SWCNT/redox polymer nanocomposite was followed by cyclic voltammetry. The resultant biosensor provided stable and reproducible electrocatalytic responses to glucose, and the electrocatalytic current for glucose oxidation was enhanced with an increase in the number of layers. The biosensor displayed a linear range from 0.5 to 6.0mM, a sensitivity of 16.4μA/(mMcm(2)), and a response time of about 5s. It shows no response to 0.05mM of ascorbic acid, 0.32mM of uric acid and 0.20mM of acetaminophen using a Nafion membrane covering the nanocomposite-modified electrode surface.