Sparse ZnO nanorod arrays(NRAs)are fabricated on transparent conducting oxide coated glass substrates by using a modified liquid phase epitaxial growth method.By adjusting the polymer concentrations and the spin-coating parameters,full infiltration of poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)into the as-prepared ZnO NRAs is achieved at 130°C in vacuum.A third component is incorporated into the P3HT/ZnO NRAs ordered bulk heterojunctions(BHJs)either through ZnO surface modification with N719dye or CdS shell layer or by inclusion of a fullerene derivative into the P3HT matrix.Experimental results indicate that performances of the hybrid solar cells are improved greatly with the incorporation of a third component.However,the working principles of these third components differ from one another,according to morphology,structure,optical property,charge transfer and interfacial properties of the composite structures.An ideal device architecture for hybrid solar cells based on P3HT/ZnO NRAs ordered BHJs is proposed,which can be used as a guidance to further increase the power conversion efficiency of such solar cells. 相似文献
This article presents a new mathematical model for simulating the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This model incorporates all power losses that can occur before the charge carriers are collected by their respective electrodes. This includes power loss due to thermalization of the charge carriers above the bandgap (PThermal$P_{text{Thermal}}$), charge carrier recombination (, dissociation of excitons (, and the transport of free charge carriers to their respective electrodes through the energy off-sets (. By quantifying each power loss, the model can simulate the net electrical power generated by a solar cell and estimate its PCE. The validity of the mathematical model is tested by comparing the calculated PCE of an OSC and a PSC with their experimental results and the results obtained from the conventional simulation, which are found to be in good agreement. It is found that the highest power loss occurs due to in both OSC and PSC. Compared to conventional models, this model establishes a direct relationship between PCE and individual power losses that may occur in both OSCs and PSCs. 相似文献
The emerging perovskite solar cells have been recognized as one of the most promising new-generation photovoltaic technologies owing to their potential of high efficiency and low production cost. However, the current perovskite solar cells suffer from some obstacles such as non-radiative charge recombination, mismatched absorption, light induced degradation for the further improvement of the power conversion efficiency and operational stability towards practical application. The rare-earth elements have been recently employed to effectively overcome these drawbacks according to their unique photophysical properties. Herein, the recent progress of the application of rare-earth ions and their functions in perovskite solar cells were systematically reviewed. As it was revealed that the rare-earth ions can be coupled with both charge transport metal oxides and photosensitive perovskites to regulate the thin film formation, and the rare-earth ions are embedded either substitutionally into the crystal lattices to adjust the optoelectronic properties and phase structure, or interstitially at grain boundaries and surface for effective defect passivation. In addition, the reversible oxidation and reduction potential of rare-earth ions can prevent the reduction and oxidation of the targeted materials. Moreover, owing to the presence of numerous energetic transition orbits, the rare-earth elements can convert low-energy infrared photons or high-energy ultraviolet photons into perovskite responsive visible light, to extend spectral response range and avoid high-energy light damage. Therefore, the incorporation of rare-earth elements into the perovskite solar cells have demonstrated promising potentials to simultaneously boost the device efficiency and stability. 相似文献
In this paper, we report the results of investigations on the potential of spray pyrolysis technique in depositing electron selective layer over larger area for the fabrication of inverted bulk‐heterojunction polymer solar cells. The electron selective layer (In2S3) was deposited using spray pyrolysis technique and the linear heterojunction device thus fabricated exhibited good uniformity in photovoltaic properties throughout the area of the device. An MEH‐PPV:PCBM inverted bulk‐heterojunction device with In2S3 electron selective layer (active area of 3.25 × 3.25 cm2) was also fabricated and tested under indoor and outdoor conditions. From the indoor measurements employing a tungsten halogen lamp (50 mW/cm2 illumination), an open‐circuit voltage of 0.41 V and a short‐circuit current of 5.6 mA were obtained. On the other hand, the outdoor measurements under direct sunlight (74 mW/cm2) yielded an open‐circuit voltage of 0.46 V and a short‐circuit current of 9.37 mA. 相似文献
The operation characteristics of nominal bilayer (BL) organic solar cells (OSCs), the active layers (ALs) of which consisted of sequentially casted bottom P3HT donor and top ICBA acceptor layers, resembled those of OSCs with bulk heterojunction (BHJ) ALs. Optical analysis and device simulations showed that such resemblance can be attributed to a similarity in the micromorphology of ALs; as‐deposited BL‐type ALs transformed spontaneously into BHJ‐type ALs. The inclusion of P3HT nanowires (NWs) in the donor layers resulted in different AL micromorphology and consequently a larger power conversion efficiency. Separate assessment of the exciton generation and charge–carrier transport and/or extraction showed that the contribution of P3HT NWs was more prominent in optical effects.
