转镜式高速扫描相机时间分辨率的测定

 介绍了产生时间分辨率的原因，测量时间分辨率在高速摄影中的作用，前人曾做过的工作，时间分辨率测定的难点；着重介绍了新的测量方法，给出了实际测定的结果。结果表明，对于GSJ型相机，时间分辨率可达8.6 ns，测量的均方根误差为1.1 ns。     

Unusual current‐voltage characteristics of single crystalline and bicrystalline La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 films

The current‐voltage characteristics of single crystalline and bicrystalline La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ films were measured and analyzed. Several epitaxial films, as well as 45° [001]‐tilt grain boundaries, display current‐voltage characteristics which are asymmetric with respect to polarity reversal of the bias current. One epitaxial film has a polarity dependent resistance of ～340kΩ and of ～670kΩ in forward and in reverse direction, respectively.     

不同生长方向的La0.7Sr0.3MnO3薄膜结构及性能研究

利用磁控溅射方法,在(100),(110)和(111)LaAlO3(LAO)衬底上制备得到了不同生长方向的La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(LSMO)薄膜并对其结构及磁电学性能进行了系统研究.结果表明:LSMO薄膜完全按LAO衬底取向生长;(111)生长方向的薄膜由于晶格畸变程度最小,磁畴方向能较好的保持一致性,从而具有最大的磁饱和强度值;高的磁有序度减弱了巡游电子eg的自旋无序相关散射,有效降低了电阻.但外加磁场后电阻变化不明显,最大磁电阻值只有5.1%.     

Pr0.7(Sr1-xCax)0.3MnO3多晶体系中的小极化子性质

采用基于柠檬酸体系的溶胶-凝胶法制备了Pr0.7(Sr1-xCax)0.3MnO3系列的多晶块材, 同时还用脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)在SrTiO3(100)衬底上外延生长了同一系列的薄膜, 系统研究了它们的晶格结构和电输运行为. 多晶和薄膜样品都具有正交晶格结构, 电输运行为在居里温度TC以上的高温顺磁相都很好地符合了绝热小极化子模型. 用绝热小极化子模型对两者的电阻率温度曲线进行拟合, 多晶和薄膜样品的拟合结果在定性上是一致的. 随着Ca掺杂量的增加, 极化子跳迁能Ehop变大,ρ0先减小后增大. 实验结果说明, 只要多晶样品制备的质量好, 缺陷、晶界的影响可以大大降低, 多晶样品的电输运行为也能表现出本征的小极化子性质.     

La0.3Sr0.7TiO3模板层对Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3薄膜的铁电性能增强效应的研究

通过sol-gel法在si(111)基片上分别制备了LaNiO3(LNO)底电极和LaNiO3/Sr0.7TiO3(LNO/LSTO)底电极.然后采用sol-gel方法,在两种衬底上分别制备了Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3(PZT)铁电薄膜.XRD分析表明,两种PZT薄膜均具有钙钛矿结构,且在LNO底电极上的PZT薄膜呈(100)择优取向,而在LNO/LSTO底电极上的PZT薄膜呈随机取向.铁电性能测试表明,相对LNO衬底上制备的PZT薄膜,在LNO/LSTO底电极上制备的PZT薄膜的剩余极化强度得到了有效的增强,同时矫顽场也增大.介电常数和漏电流的测试表明,LNO/LSTO底电极上制备的PZT薄膜具有大的介电常数和漏电流.     

Magneto-transport properties of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/SrTiO3/La0.7Ce0.3MnO3 tunnel junction

Hole-doped rare-earth manganite La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ and the electron-doped manganite La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO₃ both show a metal-insulator transition around 250 K associated with a ferromagnetic transition and colossal magnetoresistance. In an earlier publication we have reported the rectifying characteristic of La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃/SrTiO₃/La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO₃ tunnel junction at room temperature, showing that it is possible to fabricate a diode out of the polaronic insulator regime of doped manganites. Here we report the magneto-transport properties of such a tunnel junction above and below the metal-insulator transition. We show, from the large positive magnetoresistance of the tunnel junction at low temperature, that La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO₃ could be a minority spin carrier ferromagnet. The implication of this observation is discussed.     

La0.3Sr0.7CrO3钙钛矿化合物高压合成和物性

 采用高压高温方法合成了单相的带宽调控型La_0.3Sr_0.7CrO₃ Mott化合物,对其晶体结构和磁学性质进行了研究。结果表明：La_0.3Sr_0.7CrO₃化合物具有立方钙钛矿晶体结构,温度在170 K以上其磁性为顺磁性,满足居里-外斯定律,温度低于20.7 K发生了自旋玻璃转变。     

择优取向MgO缓冲层上制备的硅基Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3薄膜的结构和性能研究

分别采用sol-gel法和磁控溅射法在Si(001)单晶衬底上制备出(111)和(001)取向的MgO缓冲层薄膜,随后在其上生长Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3(BST30)铁电薄膜.通过X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜,原子力显微镜等方法研究了薄膜的微结构.实验结果发现,在较厚的MgO(001)缓冲层上可长出(101)取向的BST30薄膜,而在较薄的MgO(111) 缓冲层上则表现出(101)和(111)取向相互竞争的现象,随着MgO(111)缓冲层厚度的增加,BST30薄膜的(101)取向被抑制,而(001)取向逐渐增强.利用反射率测定仪、阻抗分析仪研究了BST30薄膜的光学和电学性能. 通过改进的单纯形法拟合反射率曲线,得到了BST30及其MgO缓冲层薄膜的光学常数, 由BST30薄膜的电压-电流特性(I-V曲线),发现MgO缓冲层对BST30薄膜的漏电流有明显的阻隔作用,可以有效消除BST30膜层的p-n结效应.     

氧气氛退火对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3薄膜结构及性能的影响

利用磁控溅射方法,在(100)Si、LaAlO_3(LAO)和SrTiO_3(STO)衬底上制备得到了La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3(LSMO)薄膜,通过X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜以及磁性测量系统研究了不同温度氧气氛下的后续退火对LSMO薄膜结构及磁学性能的影响.结果表明随着退火温度的升高,LAO和STO衬底上的LSMO薄膜氧含量逐渐增加,Mn4 /Mn3 的比值逐渐趋向于3∶7,表现为面外晶格常数逐渐减少,饱和磁化强度及居里温度都有明显提高,而矫顽力则有所降低;拉曼散射实验结果更直观的给出了退火后LSMO晶格有序性的增加和Jahn-Teller畸变的减弱;而Si单晶上的LSMO薄膜在高温下由于与衬底发生了复杂的化学反应而导致相结构发生改变.     

La1-xNaxMnO3/YSZ膜的化学溶液法制备及输运性能研究

本文采用化学溶液法在钇稳定的二氧化锆(Y-stabilized ZrO2,YSZ)单晶基板上制备了La1-xNaxMnO3(LNMO)膜并对其输运性能进行了研究.X-射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,所获得的LNMO膜为高度(h00)取向;输运结果表明,所制备的LNMO膜表现为外延膜的性能,且La0.7Na0.3MnO3薄膜在300K、0.5T磁场下可获得～5%磁阻值.     

Enhanced magnetocaloric effect in Eu-doped La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 compounds

Orthorhombic La_0.7-xEu_xCa_0.3MnO₃ samples (x = 0.04–0.12) with apparent density of ρ = 3.9–4.1 g/cm³ prepared by solid-state reactions have been studied. The analysis of temperature-dependent magnetization for an applied field H = 500 Oe indicated a decrease of the Curie temperature (T_C) from about 225 K for x = 0.04 through 189 K for x = 0.08–146 K for x = 0.12. The magnetocaloric (MC) study upon analyzing M(H, T) data has revealed that the magnetic entropy change around T_C reaches the maximum (|ΔS_max|), which is dependent on both x and H. For an applied field interval of ΔH = 60 kOe, |ΔS_max| values are about 5.88, 4.93, and 4.71 J/kg⋅K for x = 0.04, 0.08, and 0.12, respectively. Though |ΔS_max| decreases with increasing x, relative cooling power (RCP) increases remarkably from 383 J/kg for x = 0.04 to about 428 J/kg for x = 0.08 and 0.12. This is related to the widening of the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition region when x increases. Particularly, if combining two compounds with x = 0.04 and 0.08 (or 0.12) as refrigerant blocks for MC applications, a cooling device can work in a large temperature range of 145–270 K, corresponding to RCP ≈ 640 J/kg for H = 60 kOe. M(H) analyses around T_C have proved x = 0.04 exhibiting the mixture of first- and second-order phase transitions while x = 0.08 and 0.12 exhibit a second-order nature. The obtained results show potential applications of Eu-doped La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ materials for magnetic refrigeration below room temperature.     

La0.7-xCexCa0.3MnO3低场磁电阻的晶格效应

以稀土元素铈部分替换钙钛矿结构亚锰酸盐中的镧,使A位离子半径减小.由此在晶格中产生的内压将影响到B位d轨道与O位p轨道之间交叠形成的电子活性能带.本文以固相反应法制备了多晶La0.7-xCexCa0.3MnO3样品(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.20),测量并研究了电阻、低场磁电阻与温度(77K～300K)之关系.实验表明,随Ce替代量的增加,磁电阻(MR)峰值无显著变化,而MR峰值出现的温度Tp则递减.关于"减小可能导致Mn-O-Mn键角减小而最终使Tc降低"的见解可解释该实验结果.     

Activation energy in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/YBa2Cu3O7-δ / La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 superconducting trilayers

Resistivity vs. temperature measurements on La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃/YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ /La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ (LCMO/YBCO/LCMO) trilayers with different YBCO thickness, were performed in external magnetic field H up to 8 T. By evaluating the activation energy U from the slope of the resistivity Arrhenius plot, a strong depression of U has been observed when decreasing the YBCO layer thickness and the absolute U values appear to be reduced with respect to the values reported in literature in the case of YBCO thin films and YBCO/insulating multilayers. Moreover, a logarithmic U vs. H dependence is shown both in the case of thick and thin YBCO layers indicating the formation of a two dimensional vortex lattice. The experimental data are discussed considering the strong influence of the ferromagnetic LCMO on the superconducting YBCO properties which reduces the effective YBCO thickness more than predicted by the conventional theories.     

La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/MgAl2O4复合样品的电输运特性

我们用传统的固相反应法制备了(La0.7Ca0.3MnO3)1-x(MgAl2O4)x复合样品.通过XRD分析发现在此系列复合样品中La0.7Ca0.3MnO3和MgAl2O4两相共存;电阻率温度关系分析表明MgAl2O4的引入没有改变母体相在温度TP1处本征的金属-绝缘体转变峰,但使复合样品在较低温度TP2处出现另外一个电阻率峰值.有趣的是,随着MgAl2O4掺量的增加,在低掺量时,TP2向低温偏移很快;但在高掺量时,TP2向低温偏移较慢.     

Thermoelectric properties of Li-doped Sr_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)Nb_2O_(6-δ) ceramics

Thermoelectric properties of Li-dopedSr_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)Nb_2O_(6-δ)ceramics were investigated in the temperature range from 323 K to 1073 K. The electrical conductivity increases significantly after lithium interstitial doping. However, both of the magnitudes of Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity vary non-monotonically but synchronously with the doping contents, indicating that doped lithium ions may not be fully ionized and oxygen vacancy may also contribute to carriers. The lattice thermal conductivity increases firstly and then decreases as the doping content increases, which is affected by competing factors.Thermoelectric performance is enhanced by lithium interstitial doping due to the increase of the power factor and the thermoelectric figure of merit reaches maximum value(0.21 at 1073 K) in the sample Sr_(0.70)Ba_(0.30)Li_(0.10)Nb_2O_6.     

La5/8-xPr xCa3/8MnO3体系电输运特性的研究

对La5/8-xPrxCa3/8MnO3(x＝0,0.13,0.20,0.25)体系的电输运特性进行了系统研究.结果表明随着Pr含量的增大金属-绝缘转变温度(TMI)减小,在高于TMI的温度区域,该体系的电输运行为具有绝缘体特性,符合可变程跳跃模型;而在较低温度(50 K以下),其电阻率存在极小值现象,且随磁场的增大而逐渐受到抑制.对这种电阻率极小值现象从强电子-电子相互作用角度进行了分析讨论.     

Structural study and magnetoresistance effect of epitaxial La0.67Sr0.33MnO3–δ and Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3−δ multilayer films

La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO_3−δ (LSMO) and Pr_0.7Ca_0.3MnO_3−δ (PCMO) multilayer epitaxial films, which were fabricated with different LSMO and PCMO layer thickness on LaAlO₃ single crystal substrates of (0 0 1) orientation by a direct current magnetron sputtering technique, were studied further, after the structure, magnetoresistance effect and magnetic properties of LSMO/PCMO/LSMO (LPL) trilayer epitaxial films were systemically studied. The superlattice structures of multilayer films were observed according to the diffraction peaks of X-ray diffraction patterns at small angles. The metal–insulator transition temperature (T_P) and peak resistivity (ρ_max) obviously changed when we altered the thickness of PCMO middle layer and the intra-field related with the thickness of those layers and their interaction. Considering the effect of the distribution of electrical field and current, and the interaction among the layers of LSMO and PCMO, an effective fact n* was introduced to replace n (the number of layer). All the calculated values of ρ (the resistivity of multilayer films) accorded with the experimental values.     

(La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 )m(BiFeO3)n 超晶格结构的导电机理

利用射频磁控溅射的方法在SrTiO₃(001) 基片上制备了(La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃)_m(BiFeO₃)_n超晶格结构.对所制备的超晶格结构进行了50—150℃温度范围内的电流-电压测试分析.结果表明,随着BiFeO₃薄膜的厚度减小,温度的升高,(La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃)_m(BiFeO₃)_n超晶格结构的电流变大.进一步根据介质导电模型对(La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃)_m(BiFeO₃)_n超晶格结构的导电特性做了分析.在温度较低或者电场较弱时,所制备的(La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃)_m(BiFeO₃)_n超晶格结构表现为欧姆导电,而在高温,高电场的情况下,其导电行为由空间电荷限制电流机理主导. 关键词： 超晶格薄膜 多铁 空间电荷限制电流