共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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The surface tension of a solid, unlike that of a liquid, cannot be measured directly. After a discussion of the most important methods used so far, all of which are subject to uncertainty the determination of the surface tension of solids from the wetting equilibrium is described. 相似文献
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WANGFeng-kun WUJiang-tao LIUZhi-gang 《高等学校化学研究》2005,21(2):205-208
A generalized corresponding-state model based on two reference fluids was developed for the prediction of surface tensions for non-polar and weakly polar pure fluids and their binary mixtures. Four parameters,po, Tc, Vc and ω, were used in this model, and the acentric factor ω was used as a scaling parameter. This model has been tested for 69 pure substances and 20 binary mixtures; the average absolute deviations are 0. 28 and 0. 20 mN/m, respectively. The results indicate that the predictions by means of this model were in good agreement with experimental data. In addition, the calculated deviation would increase with the excess surface tension rising, and if the excess surface tension is less than 3 mN/m, the prediction will be good and credible. 相似文献
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《Physics and Chemistry of Liquids》2012,50(6):763-772
Abstract Surface tension has been measured by the differential capillary rise method for three ternary mixtures containing alkanes (hexane + cyclohexane+benzene, pentane + hexane + benzene and cyclohexane + heptane + toluene at 298.15pm 0.1°K). The sign and magnitude of the excess surface tension and excess volume depend ultimately upon the chain length of the component of the mixtures. The results of the surface tension were compared with theoretical values obtained from Flory theory, Sanchez method, Brock-Bird relation and volume fraction statistics. There is reasonable agreement between theory and experiment. 相似文献
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用振荡射流法分别测定了不同温度下全氟辛酸、十二烷基硫酸钠、二聚氯乙烯正辛醇醚溶液(浓度低于CMC)的动表面张力,讨论了它们的表面吸附动力学,研究结果表明都是扩散控制。 相似文献
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LI Wenzhe BI Shengshan ZHAO Guanjia WU Jiangtao 《高等学校化学研究》2014,30(4):681-684
The surface tensions of 21 pure refrigerants have been predicted by a new improved equation based on the principle of corresponding states with double referenced fluids.The average absolute deviation between the calculated surface tensions from the equation and the experimental result is-0.015 mN/m.The surface tensions of 9 binary mixtures were calculated in consideration of certain mixing rules.And the average absolute deviation between the calculated surface tensions from the equation and the experimental result is-0.251 mN/m.The new improved prediction equation can be used for calculating the surface tension of environmental friendly refrigerants. 相似文献
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借助MATLAB工程计算平台,通过程序设计完成了"正丁醇水溶液表面张力的测定"应用软件的开发。在完成录入压差实验数据后,不仅可以自动计算和填入溶液的表面张力,还能够实现溶液表面张力与浓度定量关系的希斯科夫斯基经验方程(Szyszkowski's equation)中待估参数的求解,并用以求导供给吉布斯公式计算溶液的吸附量,进而推算溶液饱和吸附量和正丁醇分子的截面积。软件的操作过程简便、直观、高效,避免了人工数据处理、绘图的烦琐和人为误差,可提高实验结果的准确性和重现性。 相似文献
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《Physics and Chemistry of Liquids》2012,50(1):57-65
Abstract Thermodynamic and transport properties of pure liquid metals show interesting correlations near the melting temperature. This is well known for the case of the surface tension σ and the shear viscosity η In this paper we investigate the possible extension of these correlations to binary alloys, taking the FeB alloy as a case study. Based on literature data we analyze the variation of σ and η as a function of temperature and concentration in a deep eutectic region of the phase diagram of this alloy, as well as the possible correlations between those two quantities. Substantial differences with respect to the behavior in pure metals are found. 相似文献
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Xiang Qin LIN Liang Dong FENG Hao ZHANG 《中国化学快报》2006,17(4):493-495
A setup for recording surface tension curves at a mercury drop during potential scanning is designed based on photo-sensitive detection system. Surface tension spectrum at Hg drop can be recorded by voltammetric study. A Yb(III)-NO2- catalytic reduction system was used for characterization. The simple, sensitive technique can be expected to provide fresh information on molecular interactions at electrode surfaces. 相似文献
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《Physics and Chemistry of Liquids》2012,50(3):315-325
Abstract The equation proposed for near-boiling non-associated liquids describes a new functional dependence of their surface tension on such physico-chemical characteristics as: critical volume, critical temperature and molar volume at the temperatures which are near their normal boiling points. It is shown that, in the case of some low-boiling liquids, possessing small molecules, this equation can be used for the adequate calculation of surface tension at different temperatures in the liquid phase. 相似文献
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高温熔体表面张力测量方法的进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
高温熔体表面现象在冶金、化工、熔盐和材料科学等领域十分普遍。测量高温熔体表面张力有着重要的意义。本文评述了高温熔体表面张力的测量原理和方法。并简述了当前关于高温熔体表面现象以及相关的微重力科学的研究进展。 相似文献
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The equilibrium and dynamic surface tension (DST) of the novel cationic surfactant, 3-(p-nonylphenoxy)-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, abbreviated as RTAB, were studied. The effect of sodium halide such as NaCl, NaBr and NaI on the DST behavior of the RTAB solution below its CMC was studied in detail. Due to the preferential adsorption, the effect of hydration and salting out, the ability to reduce the DST values at the same concentration was in the order of NaI〉NaBr〉NaCl. Attributed to its high surface activity, the equilibrium time of the DST of the surfactant solution was insensitive to the ionic strength. 相似文献
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测定了不同分子量聚氧化乙烯(PEO)在水和苯溶剂中的粘度,发现在低浓度区PEO水溶液的比浓粘度出现负偏离, PEO苯溶液比浓粘度与浓度之间依旧满足线性关系.表面张力测定结果表明, PEO分子显著降低了水的表面张力,而苯的表面张力则不受影响.PEO水溶液和纯溶剂水表面张力的不同干扰了高分子溶液和溶剂在粘度计中流过时间的测量,导致低浓度区PEO水溶液比浓粘度出现负偏离.利用PEO水溶液和水表面张力测定结果,结合乌式粘度计的几何尺寸,定量分析了PEO水溶液和纯溶剂水表面张力的差异对粘度测量结果的影响,计算结果与实验结果基本相符.如果用PEO水溶液流过时间对浓度作图的外推值t0*计算相对粘度,可以完全消除PEO水溶液和水表面张力差异对粘度测量的影响. 相似文献
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Ming Li Fengpei Du Chong Cao Baoying Li Xihai Zhai 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2016,37(2):213-221
In order to develop the substitutes for polyoxyethylene tallow amine (POEA), the understanding the interaction of glyphosate isopropylamine and POEA is essential. The surface behaviors of POEA and POEA in the presence of 1 wt% glyphosate isopropylamine have been investigated at the air-water interface by the drop shape analysis method. The influences of surface tension, dilational frequency, and bulk concentration on the surface properties were expounded. The experiment results show that the adsorption films of POEA behave elastic in nature at low bulk concentration. With increasing in bulk concentration, the dilational modulus, dilational elasticity, and dilational viscosity pass through a maximum value, the phase angle increase monotonically. These phenomena can be attributed to the diffusion-exchange process between the bulk and the interface. The addition of 1 wt% glyphosate isopropylamine significantly influences on the POEA surface tension and dilational properties. The dilational modulus, dilational elasticity, and dilational viscosity obvious decrease in general, and the values of phase angle significant change after the addition of 1 wt% glyphosate isopropylamine. Glyphosate isopropylamine and POEA form a new complex in the solution and the surface activity and surface dilational properties of complex is different from POEA. 相似文献
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表面张力是液体的重要物性数据,在科学研究、工业生产和日常生活中皆有广泛应用。介绍了采用吊片法测量液体表面张力的实验设计,该实验过程简单,准确度高,实验内容和时间易于调节,对于培养学生认真细致的科研作风有很大帮助。 相似文献
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双子表面活性剂Dynol-604溶液的动态表面张力研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
通过测定双子表面活性剂Dynol-604的动态表面张力(DST),研究了温度和浓度等对其DST的影响,详细表征了DST随时间的变化过程,计算了动态表面张力的各种参数(ti,t*,tm,R1/2).结果表明,其表面张力降低迅速,γm值也很低.探讨了上述参数的物理意义和变化规律. 相似文献