Spin-orbit coupling in the chlorobenzene molecule

The possible ways of drawing of the intensity of the S₀ T* transition in the chlorobenzene molecule are investigated. The effective spin-orbit coupling of either S* or S* states with the T* state leads to the out-of-plane polarized component of phosphorescence in the chlorobenzene. The in-plane polarized component cannot be explained by the mechanism under consideration — by drawing of intensity of the S₀ S₀* transitions through spin-orbit coupling of first order.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 8, pp. 134–138, August, 1974.     

QCD sum rule analysis of the coupling constant g ωσγ

We employ QCD sum rules to calculate the coupling constant g by studying the three point -correlation function. Our result complements the analysis of this coupling constant utilizing the experimental value of the ⁰⁰ decay rate studied within the framework of chiral perturbation theory including vector meson and meson intermediate states.     

On the indistinguishability of classical particles

If no property of a system of many particles discriminates among the particles, they are said to be indistinguishable. This indistinguishability is equivalent to the requirement that the many-particle distribution function and all of the dynamic functions for the system be symmetric. The indistinguishability defined in terms of the discrete symmetry of many-particle functions cannot change in the continuous classical statistical limit in which the number density n and the reciprocal temperature become small. Thus, microscopic particles like electrons must remain indistinguishable in the classical statistical limit although their behavior can be calculated as if they move following the classical laws of motion. In the classical mechanical limit in which quantum cells of volume (2)³ are reduced to points in the phase space, the partition functionTr{exp(–) for N identical bosons (fermions) approaches (2)^–3N(N!) ... d³r₁ d³p₁ ... d³r_N d³p_N exp(–H). The two factors, (2)^–3N and (N!)^–1, which are often added in anad hoc manner in many books on statistical mechanics, are thus derived from the first principles. The criterion of the classical statistical approximation is that the thermal de Broglie wavelength be much shorter than the interparticle distance irrespective of any translation-invariant interparticle interaction. A new derivation of the Maxwell velocity distribution from Boltzmann's principle is given with the assumption of indistinguishable classical particles.     

Elastic π±-d and π±-4He scattering below 70 MeV

Elastic scattering differential cross section data of ^± d at 65 MeV and ^{± 4}He at 51 MeV are presented and compared respectively to fully relativistic 3-body and optical potential calculations including true pion absorption.Presented at the symposium Mesons and Light Nuclei, Liblice, Czechoslovakia, June 1981.     

Calculation of Ratios of μ and π Masses to the e Mass for a Simplified Model with a Square-Well Potential

In the present paper, the feasibility of constructing a model of elementary and particles based on the Poincaré model of the electron [1] is examined with allowance for schemes of particle decay. The muon and pion in stopped states are considered as spherical resonators for virtual neutrino quanta excited inside an elastic lepton shell; the number of these quanta is determined by the scheme of the corresponding particle decay. In the model, the muon differs from the electron by two additional quanta of the neutrino field. The e, , and masses are calculated with the help of a single parameter. The ratio of and e masses is about (6c/e ²)^2/3, and the ratio of ° and e masses is (3/2)^2/3. The calculated e, , and ° masses are in the 0.547:105.71:134.963 ratios, which is in good agreement with the available experimental data. The calculated electromagnetic radius of the charged pion (±) = 0.5f is close to that calculated from the experimental data. The neutrino mass _e is found to be m( _e ) 0.02 eV.     

Polarization of the secondary nucleons in thepp → ppπ 0 andpp→npπ+ reactions at 1000 MeV

The calculation of the secondary nucleons polarization in thepppp⁰ andppnp⁺ reactions at 1000 MeV is effected in the framework of the one-pion exchange model. It is shown that polarization is due to the interference of the resonant amplitude with the non-resonant amplitudes of theN virtual scattering. The angular dependence of the polarization is sensitive to the behaivour of theN scattering amplitudes off the mass shell.Submitted to the symposium Mesons and Light Nuclei, Liblice, Czechoslovakia, June 1981.     

Three-pion resonances

We investigate the continuum three-pion problem within a relativistic three-body model that takes into account the S andP waves. The dynamical input of the two-body subsystem is given by separable potentials, which yield a good fit to the scattering data and resonance parameters up to a two-body invariant mass of 900MeV. We introduce a parameter expressing the ambiguity in the reduction of a fully relativistic theory to a three-dimensional one. The masses and widths of the ,a ₁(1260), and (1300) mesons, which decay predominantly into three pions, are reasonably well described by our model. Theh ₁(1170) meson, however, which also decays into three pions, cannot be explained as a three-pion resonance. Some Argand diagrams are shown in those channels where resonances exist.     

Comparison of (π− d→nn withdσ(π+ d→pp) to test charge symmetry in the Δ-region

First results on ^– d are reported. The measurements were made using 8 specially designed neutron counters, which were carefully calibratedin situ. The differential cross sections atT =142, 180, 217, and 254 MeV were obtained at four angles between 0° and 90°, they are compared to ⁺ d pp data measured at the same energies and angles with the same setup. At every beam energy, the shape of the angular distributions of ^– d nn and ⁺ d pp is the same to ±2%. The absolute cross sections differ by 1 to 10%. The error in this comparison is ±4% implying a small violation of charge symmetry.Dedicated to Prof. I. laus on the occasion of his 60th birthdayDeceased     

Vibronic properties of 2-azaanthracene and its derivatives

We report an experimental and theoretical (PPP method) study of the UV absorption spectra of 2-azaanthracene and four of its methyl-substituted derivatives. We find that the p bands of these compounds consist of two different vibronic ^* bands. Our experimental and theoretical results suggest a rule for evaluating the effect of methyl groups on ^* transition energies as a function of the charge on the atoms. We interpret the reasons for the different effects of a polar solvent and hydrogen bonding on the ^* bands of these compounds.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 7–15, June, 1977.     

A new approach to the problem of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron

A heuristic model for deriving the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron is presented. A term /2 – 0.327(/)² is deduced, in better agreement with experiment than is the QED derivation of /2 – 0.328(/)². The result is strengthened by the recent non-QED account of the Lamb shift by Yu and Sachs.     

The interaction of pions with deuterons

Summary There has been remarkable experimental and theoretical progress in the field ofd interactions in the last few years. Within the uncertainties of the theory the experimental data in thed breakup and thed elastic scattering reaction can be fairly well reproduced. Theoretical problems remain in the absorption channel, but there is a hope that with a few additional measurements of tensor polarization and spin transfer observables in this reaction a partial wave amplitude analysis may localize the theoretical difficulties. In addition it is very important to provide data on the deuteron tensor polarizations and the spin transfer parameters for thed elastic scattering reaction in order to obtain a reliable set of phase shifts, which may reveal resonance structures in this reaction channel.Invited talk to the symposium Mesons and Light Nuclei, Bechyn, Czechoslovakia, May 27–June 1, 1985.     

Unstable Particles, Gauge Invariance and the Δ++ Resonance Parameters

The elastic and radiative ⁺ p scattering are studied in the framework of an effective Lagrangian model for the ⁺⁺ resonance and its interactions. The finite width effects of this spin-3/2 resonance are introduced in the scattering amplitudes through a complex mass scheme to respect electromagnetic gauge invariance. The resonant pole ( ⁺⁺) and background contributions ( ⁰, , , and neutron states) are separated according to the principles of the analytic S-matrix theory. The mass and width parameters of the ⁺⁺ obtained from a fit to experimental data on the total cross section are in agreement with the results of a model-independent analysis based on the analytic S-matrix approach. The magnetic dipole moment determined from the radiative ⁺ p scattering is nuclear magnetons.     

Electronic Structure of Immunoactive Molecules of 8–Azagona–12,17–Dione

Using the semiempirical method of partial neglect of differential overlap (PNDO), we have calculated the wave functions, energies, orbital configurations of electronic states, oscillator strengths of transitions, electronic density distributions, and dipole moments for the molecule of biologically active 8–azagona–12,17–dione, containing a conformationally rigid –acyl––aminovinylcarbonyl fragment. It has been established that as to their orbital nature the excited lower and higher singlet electronic states of this molecule are of the n^*– and ^* type respectively. The results of the theoretical analysis are in good qualitative agreement with the spectral data on absorption and luminescence. The calculations of the intermolecular interaction of the compound under consideration with a medium show that the molecular systems under consideration can possess a dynamic multicenter structure.     

Particle polarizations in decays of5HeΛ and4HΛhypernuclei

Nucleon polarizations are examined in the hypernucleus decays⁵He, ⁴He + p + _–,⁴H, ³H + p + _–, and⁴H, ³He + n + _–. The effect of the strong interaction in the final state is taken into account. A significant role is predicted for the resonance interaction in the p-⁴He system in the formation of the proton polarization in the⁵He decay. It is also shown that in the⁴H, ³H + p + _– decay the proton-polarization components should attain significant magnitudes, while in the charge-exchange decay⁴H, ³He + n + _–, the neutron polarization is expected to be not too large.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 100–103, October, 1988.     

A study of the ϱ0 meson polarization in π− p reaction at 5 GeV/c

Experimental data on ⁰ meson polarization in ^– p reaction at 5 GeV/c are presented. Change in ⁰ meson polarization for mesons produced at smallP ² and atP ² 0·3 or produced in backward direction in CMS is demonstrated. Natural explanation of these phenomena is one pion exchange mechanism and mechanism of quark-antiquark annihilation as observed for ⁰ meson production in¯pp reactions.The authors are indebted to Ján Piút, Richard Lednický, V. S. Rumiancev and N. K. Koutsidi for discussions and critical comments.     

Duality-invariant orthogonality relation between the magnetic monopole and associated quark charges

Duality invariance of the Dirac-Schwinger charge-symmetric theory for electromagnetism leads one to consider the complex-valued amplitudes ₁ and ₂ for the separation between the magnetic monopole and quarks in the logarithmic charge plane. It is observed that the orthogonality relation on the latter amplitudes, Re( ₁ ^* ₂)=0, is equivalent to the equation (ln 9 ^–1)(ln 2)=(1/2) ², which is indeed satisfied by the experimental value fora to within 0.027%. In addition to fixing the unit of electric charge at a primary physical value, the orientation of ₁, ₂ may also prescribe the Cabibbo angle to have the theoretical value 12.4438.     

A finite size analysis of the structure factor in the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg (AFH) model

From a finite size analysis we extract the structure factorS(p, N=) of the one dimensional AFH-model in the groundstate: The gross structure is well described byL (p) = –ln(1– ^p ). The fine structure which only contributes a few percent reveals a pronounced non-linear behavior inL(p) with a maximum atp=0.20 and a minimum atp=0.82.     

The form factors of the decays π− → e−¯veγ and K− → e−¯veγ

In the special type of the quark model we obtain the ratio=h _A/h_V of the axial (h_A) and vector (h_V) form factors for the decays ^– e^– ¯v_e and K^– e^–¯v_e different from unity. The low-energy theorem, relating the electric polarizability of the charged pion with the ratio, is analyzed. It is shown that < 1 corresponds to , calculated by accounting the contribution of the scalar meson(700) into the amplitude of the Compton effect on the pion. In the absence of the(700) contribution we have=1.Dedicated to Academician Václav Votruba on the occasion of his eightieth birthday.     

Statistical mechanics of the isothermal lane-emden equation

For classical point particles in a box with potential energy H^(N)=N ^–1(1/2) _ij=1 ^N V(x _i,x _j) we investigate the canonical ensemble for largeN. We prove that asN the correlation functions are determined by the global minima of a certain free energy functional. Locally the distribution of particles is given by a superposition of Poisson fields. We study the particular case =[–L, L] andV(x, y)=}- cos(x–y),L}>0, }>0.References     

On Shirokov's “One New Effect of the Einsteinian theory of Gravitation”

In this note we study M.F. Shirokov's One New Effect of Einstein's theory of Gravitation in the Kerr field. We confine ourselves to a circular trajectory (r=const) in the plane=/2. In the limit that terms of the second order and higher ina/r (a is the angular momentum per unit mass) are negligible we find an additional shift betweenT andT _r (orT ) of amount –(8a/r)(m/r) ^3/2. Thus vibrations lie further behindr(or) vibrations in this case than in the Schwarzschild field.