Muon Capture on Deuteron and 3He

We present the results of a recent simultaneous study of the muon capture reactions ²H(?? ^?, ?? _?? )nn and ³He(?? ^?, ?? _?? )³H. The initial and final A = 2 and 3 nuclear wave functions are obtained from the Argonne v ₁₈ or chiral N3LO two-nucleon potential, in combination with, respectively, the Urbana IX or chiral N2LO three-nucleon potential in the case of A?=?3. The weak current consists of polar- and axial-vector components. The former are related to the isovector piece of the electromagnetic current via the conserved-vector-current hypothesis. These and the axial currents are derived either in a meson-exchange or in a chiral effective field theory (??EFT) framework. In the first case, there is one parameter which is fixed by reproducing the Gamow-Teller matrix element in tritium ??-decay (GT^EXP). In the second case, the low-energy constants, two in the polar and one in the axial-vector current, are fixed, respectively, by reproducing the A?=?3 magnetic moments and GT^EXP. The total rates are found to be 392.0 ± 2.3 s^?1 for A?=?2, and 1484 ± 13 s^?1 for A?=?3, where the spread accounts for the model dependence relative to the adopted interactions and currents (and cutoff sensitivity in the ??EFT currents).     

Precise Measurement of Muon Capture on the Proton

The aim of the μCap experiment is a 1% measurement of the singlet capture rate Λ _S for the basic electro-weak reaction μ + p → n + ν_μ. This observable is sensitive to the weak form-factors of the nucleon, in particular to the induced pseudoscalar coupling constant g _P . It will provide a rigorous test of theoretical predictions based on the Standard Model and effective theories of QCD. The present method is based on high precision lifetime measurements of μ⁻ in hydrogen gas and the comparison with the free μ⁺ lifetime. The μ⁻ experiment will be performed in ultra-clean, deuterium-depleted H₂ gas at 10 bar. Low density compared to liquid H₂ is chosen to avoid uncertainties due to ppμ formation. A time projection chamber acts as a pure hydrogen active target. It defines the muon stop position in 3D and detects rare background reactions. Decay electrons are tracked in cylindrical wire-chambers and a scintillator array covering 75% of 4π. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Chiral Magnetic Effect and Chiral Phase Transition

We study the influence of the chiral phase transition on the chiral magnetic effect. The azimuthal charge-particle correlations as functions of the temperature are calculated. It is found that there is a pronounced cusp in the correlations as the temperature reaches its critical value for the QCD phase transition. It is predicted that there will be a drastic suppression of the charge-particle correlations as the collision energy in RHIC decreases to below a critical value. We show then the azimuthal charge-particle correlations can be the signal to identify the occurrence of the QCD phase transitions in RHIC energy scan experiments.     

μ子源超导俘获线圈测试杜瓦设计与校核

根据高μ子源超导俘获线圈整体测试系统的要求,设计了μ子源超导俘获线圈测试杜瓦系统.包含液氦杜瓦、真空杜瓦及绝热冷屏,采用Solid works软件测试杜瓦系统进行3D建模.通过对绝热冷屏统进行了详细的传热学计算,绝热冷屏的可以满足μ子源超导俘获线圈测试过程的漏热需求;根据μ子源超导俘获线圈测试实际工况,对真空杜瓦和液氦杜瓦进行了Ansys有限元软件分析与校核,得到杜瓦详细的应力及变形结果,分析表明,测试杜瓦的设计较为合理,可以作为工程设计的理论计算依据.     

12C快中子辐射俘获反应中的共振现象

主要研究中子辐射俘获反应中的共振现象,利用DSD模型计算激发能量在5—25MeV能区的¹²C(n,γ0)反应截面与E_n=9MeV时的角分布.所考虑的反应机制包括复合核俘获、直接和半直接俘获、复弹性和非弹性散射道的辐射俘获.计算表明,矮共振的峰值在激发能量为13MeV处;巨共振的峰值位置在激发能量21MeV处.计算结果与实验符合较好.     

Comment on the Transition Amplitude for Toy Universe Models

The parametrized system called the idealclock is turned into an ordinary gauge system andquantized by means of a path integral in which canonicalgauges are admissible. Then the possibility of applying the results to obtain the transition amplitudefor empty minisuperspaces, and the restrictions arisingfrom the topology of the constraint surface, are studiedby matching the models with the ideal clock. A generalization to minisuperspaces with truedegrees of freedom is also discussed.     

Development of a New Experimental Method for Studies of Muon Capture in Hydrogen

A new experiment is under preparation with the aim to improve considerably the present knowledge of the rate Λ _s , which should be measured on a level of 1% or better, for the basic electroweak capture reaction of a negative muon on the free proton μp _1s → n + ν_μ. The capture rate will be determined by measuring the lifetime of μ⁻ stopped in ultra pure hydrogen at 10 bar pressure and comparing it with the lifetime of the unbound μ⁺. A new experimental method was developed for this project which should allow measuring the μ⁻ lifetime with at least 10 ppm precision. The basic element of the detector is operating in the hydrogen gas time projection chamber (TPC) surrounded by multi-wire proportional chambers (MWPCs) and scintillator counters. The arrival times and trajectories of the incoming muons and the outgoing decay electrons are measured with this device providing effective suppression of background. Using the TPC as an active target, we can monitor on-line the protium contamination by impurities with a sensitivity better than 10⁻⁸. This can be done by detecting the charged products of the muon capture reaction on these impurities. It was demonstrated that the TPC and MWPCs can operate in pure hydrogen under 10 bar pressure providing gas gain up to 10 000. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mass Shell and Even-odd Effects in Radiative Capture Reaction

This paper investigates the mass,shell and even-odd effects of the nonstatistical and statistical processes in the radiative nucleon capture reactions.The (n,γ) cross sections for 33 even-neutron target nuclides were studied at En of 0.1 to 3MeV.The results indicate that the nonstatistical capture cross sections do not present any systematically varying pattern with mass number,except for a weak shell effect.The statistical capture cross sections,which depend strongly on the level density,display obvious mass,shell and even-odd effects.The nonstatistical fractions show prominent downward tendency with mass number,as well as the shell effect.     

75As中子辐射俘获截面的实验测量及蒙特卡罗修正

在四川大学2.5 MV静电加速器上， 用活化法测量了29—1 100 keV 能区中子引起的75As(n， γ)76As反应截面， 并用MCNP 4C程序对实验中由中子的多次散射、 注量率衰减效应等引起的偏差进行了修正， 最后将所得结果与已有数据进行了比较。 We have measured the neutron radiative capture cross section of 75As in the energy range of En=29—1 100 keV using the activation technique at 2.5 MV electrostatic accelerator of Sichuan University. The experimental data were then corrected for multiple scattering and self shielding effects with MCNP 4C code. We also compared our results， with the existing measurement， calculation and evaluated data in ENDF/B Ⅵ.     

40Ca和208Pb快中子辐射俘获过程研究

对快中子引起的核反应作预平衡修正,即考虑直接–半直接俘获作为统计平衡前1激子态和3激子态的γ发射过程,5个及5个以上激子态的粒子(中子、质子及α粒子等)及γ发射过程用达到统计平衡的复合核过程描述,在中子入射能量3MeV至20MeV能区对⁴⁰Ca和²⁰⁸Pb的辐射俘获截面进行了理论计算并与实验结果作了比较,得到了较好符合的结果.同时,对统计平衡前后γ发射对(n,γ)截面的贡献及直接俘获、半直接俘获和两者的相干项的特性进行了讨论     

New Results for Radiative 2H3H Capture at Astrophysical Energies

Russian Physics Journal - Within the framework of the modified potential cluster model with forbidden states which follow from the classification of orbital states of the clusters according to the...     

大俘获立体角的内靶超导螺线管表面muon源的设计研究

高通量μ子源是国际上μ子科学研究的重要条件。在中国散裂中子源的高能质子应用区中,运用蒙特卡罗工具Geant4和G4beamline软件设计了使用内靶超导螺线管俘获高通量表面μ子的束线。与传统的分离靶和基于四极磁铁的收集系统相比,大孔径超导螺线管可以将收集效率提高两个量级。通过对不同靶材的粒子产率进行分析得出石墨是最佳靶材,然后比较俘获螺线管与束流的不同偏转角度下收集的表面μ的产率,提出了合理的较高产率的俘获和输运螺线管的设计方案,并与常规磁铁方案比较,最终在衰变螺线管端口的表面μ通量高达108/s。     

利用格点量子色动力学研究手征平滑过渡温度和手征相变温度

回顾了最近关于手征平滑过渡温度和手征相变温度的研究结果。首先给出了在零重子化学势能下的手征平滑过渡温度为156.5(1.5) MeV,其次,给出了在非零重子化学势能下手征相转变曲线的二阶及四阶曲率分别为0.012(4)和0.000(4)。接着讨论了在格点QCD中第一次得到的量子色动力学的手征相变温度。在热力学极限、连续极限及手征极限下,我们得到手征相变温度为132$^{+3}_{-6}$ MeV。     

Causality and Transition Amplitude in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

The constraint from causality on transition amplitude in relativistic quantum mechanics (x, γ|0, o)=0 when γ²-|x|²<0 is proven for Dirac particle without and with interactions with external fields and for free scalar and vector particle in any (1+D)-dimensional Minkowskian space-time.     

Phase Transition in the Chiral Quark Soliton

Chiral symmetry phase transition is studied by making use of the finite temperature Green's function and the path integral approach in the chiral soliton model. The temperature-dependent effective potential is obtained in the one-loop approximation, including quark and σ-, π-meson loop. The critical temperature-versus the nuclear density is calculated. At zero baryop density the critical temperature is 172 MeV. In nuclear medium it is found that the critical temperature decreases fast when the nuclear density is increasing.