Point-Form Electrodynamics and the Construction of Conserved Current Operators

A general procedure for constructing conserved electromagnetic current operators in the presence of hadronic interactions is given. The four-momentum operator in point-form relativistic quantum mechanics is written as the sum of hadronic, photon, and electromagnetic four-momentum operators, where the electromagnetic four-momentum operator is generated from a vertex operator, in which a conserved current operator is contracted with the four-vector potential operator. The current operator is the sum of free, dynamically determined and model-dependent operators. The dynamically determined current operator is formed from a free current operator and the interacting hadronic four-momentum operator, in such a way that the sum of free and dynamically determined current operators is conserved with respect to the hadronic interactions. The model-dependent operator is a many-body current operator, formed as the commutator of an antisymmetric operator with the hadronic four-momentum operator. It is shown that such an operator is also conserved with respect to the hadronic interactions and also does not renormalize the charge.Received March 14, 2003; accepted March 26, 2003 Published online September 24, 2003     

Radon transforms of the Wigner operator on hyperplanes

The generalization of tomographic maps to hyperplanes is considered. We find that the Radon transform of the Wigner operator in multi-dimensional phase space leads to a normally ordered operator in binomial distribution---a mixed-state density operator. Reconstruction of the Wigner operator is also feasible. The normally ordered form and the Weyl ordered form of the Wigner operator are used in our derivation. The operator quantum tomography theory is expressed in terms of some operator identities, with the merit of revealing the essence of the theory in a simple and concise way.     

复合函数算符的微商法则及其在量子物理中的应用

给出了在量子物理学、量子统计学、算符排序理论、矩阵论以及控制理论中有着重要用途的复合函数算符的一般微分法则,利用这一法则研究了Wigner算符和Weyl对应规则中的积分问题,证明了两类典型的算符恒等公式.给出了Wigner算符的有序算符内的微分形式,并得到了一些重要函数的新的微分式.最后,引入了一个参数型的Wigner算符来统一正规序、Weyl编序以及反正规序三种算符排序.     

New decomposition of the Fresnel operator corresponding to the optical transformation in AB CD-systems

By virtue of the coherent state representation of the newly introduced Fresnel operator and its group product property we obtain new decomposition of the Fresnel operator as the product of the quadratic phase operator, the squeezing operator, and the fractional Fourier transformation operator, which in turn sheds light on the matrix optics design of ABCD-systems The new decomposition for the two-mode Fresnel operator is also obtained by the use of entangled state representation.     

广义热化算符与单模纯量热化效应

根据温度效应与动力学压缩效应在数学处理上的相似性,将热化算符与压缩算符推广为一般的广义热化算符,通常的双模压缩态成为实空间的热场态,其中任何一个模的光子分布都具有经典的Bose-Einstein热场分布的特点（单模纯量子热化效应）。     

A spin observable for a Dirac particle

We discuss the form of the spin operator in relativistic quantum mechanics. We derive the form of the spin operator in the case when the states with negative energies are admitted. It appears that for a Dirac particle the spin operator reduces to the so called mean-spin operator introduced by Foldy and Wouthuysen. We show that the spin operator transforms under Lorentz group action according to an operator Wigner rotation, analogously as a Bloch vector describing polarization of a particle in momentum representation.     

Relativistic internal time operator

We construct a self-adjoint time operator for massless relativistic systems in terms of the generators of the Poincaré group. The Lie algebra generated by the time operator and the generators of the Poincaré group turns out to be an infinitedimensional extension of the Poincaré algebra. The internal time operator generates two new entities, namely the velocity operator and the internal position operator. The transformation properties of the internal time and position operator under Lorentz boosts are different from what one would expect from relativity theory. This difference reflects the fact that the time concept associated with the internal time operator is radically different from the time coordinate of Minkowski space, due to the nonlocality of the time operator. The spectral projections of the time operator allow us to construct incoming subspaces for the wave equation without invoking Huygens' principle, as in two and one spatial dimensions where Huygens' principle does not hold.     

Weyl Ordering of Two-Mode Fresnel Operator and Its Applications

By using the Weyl ordering operator formula and the Weyl transformation rule, we derive Weyl ordering of the two-mode Fresnel operator, and then obtain its matrix element in the coordinate representation, which is the integral kernel of the generalized two-mode Fresnel transformation in classical optics. By means of the optical operator method, we obtain a decomposition of the two-mode Fresnel operator’s Weyl ordering and an operator identity.     

Bosonic Operator Realization of Hamiltonian for a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device

Based on the appropriate bosonic phase operator diagonalized in the entangled state representation we construct the Hamiltonian operator model for a superconducting quantum interference device. The current operator and voltage operator equations are derived.     

Determination of singularities in an operator of partial radiation conditions

The structure of an operator that determines the partial conditions of radiation in the scalar problem of diffraction theory is considered. Nonlocal boundary conditions are determined by a series setting a certain integro-differential operator. The principal part of this operator is presented in the explicit form of a hyper-singular operator and its components with lower-order singularities. The remaining rapidly converging part of the functional series determines an integral operator with a continuous kernel.     

求解三模耦合谐振子精确能谱的一种方法

基于相空间中的幺正转动变换,利用有序算符内的积分技术,得到了相空间中转动算符、傅里叶变换算符和宇称算符的相干态表示.进而引入并利用相空间中的三模转动算符,简捷地实现了三模坐标-动量耦合谐振子哈密顿量的退耦合,给出了该耦合形式谐振子的精确能谱及其能量本征态.     

空间矩和Zernike矩亚像素边缘算子分析

讨论了空间矩、Zernike矩两个亚像素边缘算子的运行时间和定位精度。分析结果表明,Zernike具有更快的运行速度,当计算3个用于边缘定位的参数时,其运行时间较空间矩算子节约了50%。理论分析了空间矩和Zernike矩算子的关系,并推导出了两个算子边缘距离为l的差值公式。测试结果表明,当两个算子的l都限制在中心像素内时,空间矩算子的边缘厚度多达3个像素,而Zernike矩算子的边缘厚度小于1个像素,可见Zernike矩算子的定位精度为真正的亚像素级。经比较,Zernike矩算子的运行时间和定位精度均好于空间矩算子。     

On the Spectral Behaviour of a Non-self-adjoint Operator with Complex Potential

We consider the non-self-adjoint Anderson operator with a complex potential as a pseudo-ergodic operator in one spatial dimension and use second order numerical ranges to obtain tight bounds on the spectrum of the operator. We also find estimates for the size of possible holes contained in the spectrum of such an operator.      

波动方程深度偏移的局部裂步Fourier传播算子

针对裂步Fourier传播算子在速度强横向变化介质中的不足,将算子的框架展开方法应用于Fourier传播算子中的相移算子,提出了一种波场传播的局部裂步Fourier传播算子,并把它应用于波动方程叠前深度偏移成像.这个局部裂步Fourier传播算子是由相空间(空间-波数)-频率域的相移算子和空间-频率域的窗口时移算子两部分组成.与波数-频率域的空间全局性相移算子不同,相空间-频率域的相移算子具有很好的空间局部性.通过在国际标准的SEG-EAGE二维盐丘模型的波动方程叠前深度偏移成像数值试验,证明局部Fourier传播算子不仅具有很好的稳定性,而且还特别适用于速度强横向变化介质.     

量子体系中的时域压缩-频域展宽正、逆效应及其非经典性

本文利用全量子理论,对连续能谱量子体系和分立能谱量子体系中的时域压缩-频域展宽以及频域压缩-时域展宽效应进行了详细研究.在文献17构造时间算符的基础上给出频率算符ω∧的定义,根据时间算符t∧与频率算符ω∧之间的对易关系并利用Cauchy-Schwartz不等式导出t∧和ω∧所满足的测不准关系式.给出时域压缩和频域压缩的定义,并对时域/频域上的最小测不准态、压缩最小测不准态和压缩态等进行了详细讨论,指出了时域压缩和频域压缩的非经典性质.给出时域上的拟量子产生算符τ∧+(t)、拟量子湮没算符τ∧(t)和拟量子数算符N∧τ(t)的定义,首次建立了时域量子化的形式理论,并由此进一步提出了时域量子化的基本观点.     

Fresnel Operator for Deriving the Propagator of 2D Harmonic Oscillator with Cross Coupling

Using the identity of operator decomposition we obtain a normal ordered form of the time-evolution operator for cross coupling quantum harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian system in two dimensions, which is just a special two-mode Fresnel operator. The Feynman propagator for the Hamiltonian system is found by a direct calculation by means of the method deriving the matrix element of two-mode Fresnel operator in the entangled state representation. The technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators is employed to derive the matrix elements of the operator in the coherent state and the entangled state representations.     

矢量微分算符▽的探讨

本文试图从微分几何的角度探讨矢量微分算符▽在各种正交坐标系的梯度、散度、旋度和拉普拉斯符中的不变形式;并探讨了运用▽算符时容易出现混乱的根源,提出了‘括弧矢量优先’的判断与解决方法.从而扫除了运用▽算符的若干障碍.     

描述高自旋弱耦合系统的广义积算符

本文提出了Z算符与角动量积算符相结合的广义积算符,用于描述高自旋弱耦合系统NMR实验谱。给出了高自旋系统在自旋耦合作用下的演变公式,Z算符在脉冲作用下的变化公式。以氘(D)为例,计算了重聚INEPT,DEPT和同核COSY实验谱,并对计算方法作了讨论。     

Constructing center operator from center-surround top-hat transform

Morphological center operator has been one important operator constructed from the morphological alternating filters, which could be well used in optical signal analysis applications. Alternating operators which have the similar properties as the alternating filters have been constructed from the center-surround top-hat transform, which have superiority in some optical signal analysis applications. In light of this, the center operator which has some good properties could be also constructed from the center-surround top-hat transform. In this paper, the constructed center operator from the center-surround top-hat transform is given. And the properties of the constructed operator are also analyzed, which indicates that the constructed operator may be also useful operators for some optical signal analysis applications.     

An exact representation of the space-time characteristic functional of turbulent Navier-Stokes flows with prescribed random initial states and driving forces

By adopting a formal operator viewpoint, the space-time characteristic functional associated with Navier-Stokes turbulence is expressed in terms of a linear operator acting on the space of functionals. Obtained by a simple similarity transformation of the local translation operator generated by the nonlinear terms in the Navier-Stokes equation, this operator is unitary with respect to the formal scalar product of functionals. The equivalence of this operator representation to the functional integral representation of Rosen is shown and, for Gaussian initial velocity and external force fields, some consequences of this representation are presented.