平面场景和建筑物成像的几何分析

为了识别采集图像中的平面场景以及建筑物,利用摄像机参数,对平面场景及建筑物成像过程进行了几何分析。首先,根据相机参数以及相机飞行状态分析平面场景成像畸变;然后,对平面场景上的建筑物形状的成像进行几何分析;最后,将相机上采集到的平面场景及建筑物的图像像素数与真实平面场景及建筑物的尺寸建立联系。实验结果表明：已知相机参数及飞行状态的情况下,可以对平面场景及建筑物形状信息进行推导,从而完成目标识别与跟踪。本方法适合在典型建筑物、孤立建筑物、建筑群中具有明显形状特征等情况下对立体目标进行自动捕获与跟踪。     

平面场景和建筑物成像的几何分析

为了识别采集图像中的平面场景以及建筑物,利用摄像机参数,对平面场景及建筑物成像过程进行了几何分析。首先,根据相机参数以及相机飞行状态分析平面场景成像畸变;然后,对平面场景上的建筑物形状的成像进行几何分析;最后,将相机上采集到的平面场景及建筑物的图像像素数与真实平面场景及建筑物的尺寸建立联系。实验结果表明:已知相机参数及飞行状态的情况下,可以对平面场景及建筑物形状信息进行推导,从而完成目标识别与跟踪。本方法适合在典型建筑物、孤立建筑物、建筑群中具有明显形状特征等情况下对立体目标进行自动捕获与跟踪。     

摄影光学

摄影技术及其装置TB852.12007021594采用光纤和YAP晶体的小型γ相机的蒙特卡罗模拟=Monte Carlo si mulation of a small gamma camera using fi-bers and YAP scintillation crystals[刊,英]/祝杰(中国科学技术大学近代物理系.安徽,合肥(230026)),刘成…//光子学报.-2006,35(10).-1497-1500基于波长位移光纤(WSF)耦合YAP晶体中的光子传输特性,用GEANT4软件包建立了一个蒙特卡罗模拟程序。对采用波长位移光纤耦合平板式YAP晶体的小型单管γ相机的性能进行了计算机模拟,采用波长位移光纤耦合光电倍增管光阴极面的读出方式,和晶体直…     

融合Kinect与γ相机图像的放射性区域重建与定位

针对核设施退役、核应急处置过程中放射性分布信息的可视化需求,提出了一种基于Kinect与γ相机图像信息融合的放射性区域重建与定位方法。首先,基于γ相机的特殊成像方式,构建了Kinect与γ相机组合成像模型,并完成相机组合联合标定;其次,基于视觉地图构建方法,建立了核辐射环境稠密点云地图并得到Kinect位姿;然后,提取γ相机图像中的放射性分布信息,根据相机组合模型计算地图中的放射性区域点云;最后,基于最小包围盒对γ相机成像的中心区域进行三维定位。在实验中,通过将Kinect和γ相机数据同步与空间对齐,在少量γ相机图像的情况下,实现了单个点源的三维分布重建模型与辐射场景地图的融合。在8×12 m2的实验室环境中点源定位的均方根误差为0.11 m,证明了本文方法的有效性。     

三线阵CCD立体测绘相机的集成装调

考虑几何精度对三线阵CCD立体测绘相机测绘精度的影响,研究了测绘相机组合体的装调方法以建立和保证相机的空间几何关系。首先,介绍了测绘相机组合体的结构和坐标系的定义;其次,提出了各基准立方镜和相机的装调要求;最后,确定了多相机集成装调流程,重点介绍了测绘相机的装调步骤。装调结果表明：各相机的光学传递函数〉0.2,畸变〈0.03%,测绘相机的空间几何关系满足要求,提出的集成装调技术有效地保证了测绘相机的空间几何关系。     

基于序列图像的几何参数测量方法研究

随着测量技术的不断发展,现代工业对物体尺寸检测的准确性及快速性要求越来越高.文中提出了一种利用序列图像来测量物体几何尺寸的方法.使用数码相机获得标定模板的序列图像,通过直接线性变换(DLT)方法来标定相机内部参数,结合透镜成像的知识,对使用数码相机采集到的物体序列图像进行处理和测量,最终计算出物体的宽度和高度.实验证明...     

摆扫式TDI-CCD航空相机传感器MTF分析

TDI-CCD与普通线阵CCD相比具有很多优点,因而广泛应用于航空航天成像领域。在介绍TDI-CCD特点和摆扫式TDI-CCD航空相机扫描成像原理的基础上,分析了扫描像移的大小及行周期,推导出了由几何尺寸、电荷转移损失率、电荷分立运动、速度失配等因素引起图像传感器的调制传递函数退化表达式,给出了传感器线列方向和TDI方向的调制传递函数,提出了提高传感器调制传递函数的几种方法,对TDI-CCD航空相机整机设计提供了参考。     

一种光学遥感卫星多相机成像系统的高精度影像拼接方法EI北大核心CSCD

提出一种基于虚拟大相机的光学遥感卫星多相机系统成像数据的拼接方法,实现多相机影像的高精度拼接。该方法根据各单相机的几何成像模型,构建虚拟大相机的几何成像模型;利用坐标正算、反算过程对各单相机影像进行间接法几何纠正,得到虚拟大相机图像坐标系下的各虚拟单相机影像;将各虚拟单相机影像基于影像坐标信息拼接处理后得到最终的虚拟大相机影像。该方法利用虚拟大相机实现多相机影像的高质量拼接,为后期处理提供了与之相对应的高精度有理函数模型,可用于不同数量、不同分辨率的多相机系统实现全自动智能地面预处理。     

嫦娥三号极紫外相机几何定位方法及其应用

针对嫦娥三号极紫外相机影像由于缺少控制点约束而无法沿用地球遥感影像几何定位方法的现状,研究了极紫外相机的工作原理、涉及的坐标系统及其转换关系,提出了一种基于星上遥测参数和严格坐标转换关系的几何定位方法,进行了影像数据几何定位及定位精度分析.研究结果表明,该方法能够解算影像拍摄时刻极紫外相机光轴在太阳磁层坐标系中的指向,以及着陆器在该坐标系中的位置,精确定位影像中地球质心的位置,校正相机光轴指向在原始影像中对应的位置,确保极紫外相机探测数据的科学应用价值,实现嫦娥三号空间环境探测的科学目标.     

一种光学遥感卫星多相机成像系统的高精度影像拼接方法

提出一种基于虚拟大相机的光学遥感卫星多相机系统成像数据的拼接方法,实现多相机影像的高精度拼接。该方法根据各单相机的几何成像模型,构建虚拟大相机的几何成像模型;利用坐标正算、反算过程对各单相机影像进行间接法几何纠正,得到虚拟大相机图像坐标系下的各虚拟单相机影像;将各虚拟单相机影像基于影像坐标信息拼接处理后得到最终的虚拟大相机影像。该方法利用虚拟大相机实现多相机影像的高质量拼接,为后期处理提供了与之相对应的高精度有理函数模型,可用于不同数量、不同分辨率的多相机系统实现全自动智能地面预处理。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.