Zeolite Catalyzed Synthesis of bis (Indolyl) Methanes

Abstract

HY-Zeolite is found to be a versatile catalyst for the electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with carbonyl compounds to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl) methanes in good yields.     

Synthesis of α,α′‐Bis(Substituted Benzylidene)Cycloalkanones Catalyzed by Amino‐Functionalized Ionic Liquid

Condensation of aromatic aldehydes with cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone using amino‐functionalized ionic liquid, 1‐aminoethyl‐3‐methyl tetrafluoroborate as solvent and catalyst was successfully performed for preparation of α,α′‐bis(substituted benzylidene)cycloalkanones. The catalyst can be recovered and reused for at least three times without apparently lose of activity. The process is simple, environmentally benign and proceeds in excellent yields.     

Amberlyst‐15‐Catalyzed Novel Synthesis of Quinoline Derivatives in Ionic Liquid

In recent years, ionic liquids have attracted much attention as useful synthetic solvents. Compared with classical molecular solvents, the ionic liquids are environmentally benign reaction media. A variety of quinoline derivatives have been synthesized under ionic liquid conditions using Amberlyst‐15 as catalyst.     

Phenyliodine(III) Bis(Trifluoroacetate) Mediated Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐1,2‐Benzisothiazol‐3(2H)‐Ones in Ionic Liquid

Treatment of N‐aryl‐2‐(benzylthio)benzamides with phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) containing trifluoroacetic acid resulted in an interrupted Pummerer‐type reaction in ionic liquid 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [bmim][PF₆] to give 2‐aryl‐1,2‐benzisothiazol‐3(2H)‐ones rather than the normal Pummerer‐type products.     

A Novel Green Preparation of α,α'-Bis (substituted benzylidene)-cycloalkanones Promoted by FeCl3·6H2O in Ionic Liquid

α, α'-Bis(substituted benzylidene)cycloalkanones were efficiently prepared fromcycloalkanones and benzaldehydes in [bmim][BF4] by using iron(Ⅲ) chloride hexahydrate as acatalyst. It is shown that [bmim][BF4] and iron(Ⅲ) chloride hexahydrate can be quantitativelyrecovered and be reused effectively for many times. Compared with the known methods, thisnovel process has the advantage of being an environmentally benign process together with goodyields and mild reaction conditions.     

杂多酸/离子液体杂化材料催化苯的高选择性羟基化

制备了V取代的磷钼酸H_3+xPMo_12-xV_xO₄₀（x=0,1,2）及1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐离子液体（[C₄mim]Br）,并采用离子交换的方法制备了系列杂化材料（[C₄mim]3+xPMo_12-xV_xO₄₀,x=0,1,2）;采用X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-Vis DRS）对所制备样品进行了表征;以H₂O₂为氧化剂,考察了所得样品催化苯羟基化制苯酚的活性。结果表明,和相应的离子液体及杂多酸相比,杂化材料的催化活性得到了很大的提高,尤其是催化剂[C₄mim]₅PMo₁₀V₂O₄₀,在优化后的条件下,苯的转化率可达到21%,苯酚的选择性在99%以上。而且,该催化剂具有很好的可重复使用性,连续使用五次后,苯的转化率和苯酚的选择性没有明显降低。     

Synthesis and Esterification of 3‐Ferrocenyl Acrylic Acid in Ionic Liquid

3‐Ferrocenyl acrylic acid, synthesized from ferrocenecarboxaldehyde and propandioic acid in water‐insoluble ionic liquid (1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [BMIM]PF₆) at 85 °C in high yield, was transformed to a series of 3‐ferrocenyl acrylate of alcohols and phenols in water‐soluble ionic liquid (1,3‐dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate, [DMIM]Me₂PO₄) at room temperature in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP).     

水相中十二烷基苯磺酸催化合成双吲哚甲烷衍生物

本文报道了一种环境友好的合成双吲哚烷烃衍生物的方法。在十二烷基苯磺酸催化下，吲哚与醛或酮在水相中迅速反应，高产率生成相应的双吲哚烷烃衍生物（60-97%）。本方法因催化剂廉价易得、反应条件温和、后处理简单和环境友好，将有很好的应用前景。     

Iodobenzene‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines from Aryl Ketones with mCPBA in Ionic Liquid

Iodobenzene‐catalyzed synthesis of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines from aryl ketones with mCPBA as a cooxidant in ionic liquid is described. The method is simple, rapid and practical, generating Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines from the aryl ketone without isolation of α‐tosyloxyketones in good to excellent yields.     

Hypervalent Iodine(III) Sulfonate Reagent Mediated Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐2‐Phenyloxazoles in Ionic Liquid

A new and efficient method for the synthesis of 4‐aryl‐2‐phenyloxazoles is described which is based upon the reaction of α‐[(2,4‐dinitrobenzene)sulfonyl]oxy ketone intermediates with benzamide in ionic liquid.     

离子液体体系中离子型锰卟啉对苯乙烯的催化氧化

以单氧给体乙酰碘苯[PhI(OAc)2]为氧源, 在无需轴向配体和有机溶剂的参与下, 离子型锰卟啉[MnⅢ(BF4)T(N-Me-4-Py)P][BF4]4和离子液体 [BMIM]BF4组成的多元离子液体体系, 在温和的反应条件下对苯乙烯的催化氧化表现出较高的活性(87%)和环氧苯乙烷选择性(90％), 并且有较好的底物普适性. 构筑的锰卟啉多元离子液体体系可以一定程度上抑制卟啉聚合和氧化降解等反应.     

Highly Efficient Synthesis of Bis（indolyl）methanes Catalyzed by Sodium Tetrafluoroborate

Sodium tetrafluoroborate （NaBF4） was found to catalyze the electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with aldehydes and ketones under solvent-free conditions to afford the corresponding bis（indolyl）methanes in high yields.     

Highly selective catalytic Friedel–Crafts sulfonylation of aromatic compounds using a FeCl3-based ionic liquid

Friedel–Crafts sulfonylation of aromatic compounds was carried out using FeCl₃-based ionic liquid. These liquids serve as efficient media as well as Lewis acid catalyst.     

BF3‐grafted Fe3O4@Sucrose nanoparticles as a highly‐efficient acid catalyst for syntheses of Dihydroquinazolinones (DHQZs) and Bis 3‐Indolyl Methanes (BIMs)

Current paper represents immobilization of sucrose on the Fe₃O₄ core and grafting of boron trifluoride (BF₃) onto the new surface. The catalytic activity of these nanoparticles was tested in syntheses of Dihydroquinazolinones (DHQZs) and Bis (3‐Indolyl) Methanes (BIMs) as two fruitful pharmaceutical structures. Acidic capacity, FT‐IR, XRD, VSM, TGA and SEM–EDX tests are carried out on such novel nanoparticles (NPs). Catalyst has shown more acidic capacity per one gram of NPs than sulfonated homologue which was reported previously.     

Efficient and Reusable Sn(II)‐containing Imidazolium‐based Ionic Liquid as a Catalyst for the Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol

A simple and efficient catalytic system [BBIM]Br–SnCl₂ for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant has been developed. Reaction conditions such as the catalyst dose, the solvents, reaction temperature, reaction time, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions identified were 0.11 g of catalyst, no solvent, 65°C, 15 min, and 2 mmol of hydrogen peroxide. Oxidation of various alcohols was also investigated under the optimized conditions. The catalyst [BBIM]Br–SnCl₂ can be easily recovered and reused for six reaction runs without significant loss of catalytic activity, because the Sn species of the catalyst can be coordinated with the imidazole ring of the ionic liquid. The reused catalyst was further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to evaluate its chemical properties. The results proved that the [BBIM]Br–SnCl₂ catalyst was stable and reusable for the oxidation reactions. A possible mechanism for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde is proposed.     

吡咯烷酮酸性离子液体中硼酸酯的催化合成

研究了硼酸与频哪醇和环己醇在离子液体1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮硫酸氢盐（[Hnmp]HSO4）、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐（[Bmim]BF4）及1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim]PF6)中生成2-环己氧基-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷的酯化反应。 考察了不同离子液体、反应温度、反应时间和离子液体与反应物物质的量比等对反应的影响。 结果表明,当n(硼酸)∶n(频哪醇)∶n(环己醇)∶n([Hnmp]HSO4)=1∶1∶1∶1,反应温度为70 ℃和反应时间为4 h时,硼酸酯的产率为72.5%,离子液体重复使用4次,催化活性无明显降低。     

微波辅助离子液体法在液相合成中的应用

作为一种新型的绿色化学合成方法,微波辅助离子液体法融合了离子液体与微波加热法的优点,具有合成快速、操作简便、产率高,绿色环保等特点,在液相合成方面体现出明显的优势。本文综述了离子液体作为微波吸收剂在液相有机合成、无机纳米材料合成方面的研究进展,对比分析了微波辅助离子液体法同多种传统方法的应用效果,阐明了该方法的优势,并展望该领域今后的发展方向。     

Efficient Acetylation of Alcohols and Phenols Catalyzed by Recyclable Lithium Bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide

An efficient acetylation of alcohols and phenols catalyzed by lithium bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)-imide was developed. This acetylation features good yields, mild reaction condtions, and simple workup procedures. Furthermore, the catalyst bearing a long perfluoroalkyl chain is recoverable and readily reusable without losing any activity.     

离子液体中微波辅助的 Lewis 酸催化纤维素制备 5-羟甲基糠醛

 以离子液体 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯为溶剂, 以 CrCl3•6H2O 为催化剂, 直接转化纤维素生成 5-羟甲基糠醛 (HMF). 考察了微波辐射条件、反应温度、反应时间及催化剂用量对 HMF 产率的影响. 结果表明, 在最佳条件下, HMF 产率可达 55%.