Highly Acylated 3,4‐Secograyanane Diterpenoids from the Fruits of Pieris formosa

From the fruits of Pieris formosa, four new highly acylated 3,4‐secograyanane diterpenoids, secorhodomollolides E–H ( 1 – 4 , resp.), along with two known ones, secorhodomollolides C and D ( 5 and 6 , resp.), were obtained. Their structures were established mainly by spectroscopic methods, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry.     

New Isoprenylated Aurones from the Flowers of Rosa damascena

A phytochemical investigation of the flowers of Rosa damascena resulted in the isolation of three new isoprenylated aurones, damaurones C–E ( 1 – 3 , resp.), together with six known compounds, 4 – 9 . The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments.     

Three New Diterpenoids from Euphorbia sororia L.

Three new diterpenoids with jatrophane‐type skeleton, sororianolides A–C ( 1 – 3 , resp.), were isolated from Euphorbia sororia. The identification and structure elucidation of these compounds were based on 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR‐spectral data analysis. It was the first time to isolate diterpenoids in this species.     

Taccalonolides W – Y,Three New Pentacyclic Steroids from Tacca plantaginea

Three new pentacyclic steroids, taccalonolides W–Y ( 2 – 4 , resp.), have been isolated from the whole plants of Tacca plantaginea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments.     

Daphnane‐Type Diterpenoids from the Flower Buds of Daphne genkwa

Three new daphnane‐type diterpenoids, genkwanines M–O ( 1 – 3 , resp.), together with seven known daphnane‐type diterpenoids, genkwanines D and H, genkwaine F, genkwadaphnine, yuanhuatine, yuanhuafine, and yuanhuapine ( 4 – 10 , resp.), were isolated from the flower buds of Daphne genkwa during a phytochemical investigation. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, especially 2D‐NMR spectra (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY).     

New Anthraquinone and Iridoid Glycosides from the Stems of Hedyotis hedyotidea

Five new anthraquinone glycosides, hedanthrosides A–E ( 1 – 5 , resp.) and two new iridoid glycosides, hediridosides A and B ( 6 and 7 , resp.), along with two known anthraquinones and four known iridoids, were isolated from the stems of Hedyotis hedyotidea (DC.) Merr . The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and HR‐MS analysis and chemical methods.     

Iridoid Glycosides from Hedyotis corymbosa

Three new iridoid glycosides, hedycorysides A–C ( 1 – 3 , resp.), were isolated from the whole plant of Hedyotis corymbosa (Linn .) Lam ., along with four known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR analysis, as well as by HR‐ESI‐MS experiments. The three new compounds are the first benzoylated geniposide derivatives from Hedyotis.     

Five New C19‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum hemsleyanum

Five new C₁₉‐diterpenoid alkaloids, named hemsleyaconitines A–E ( 1 – 5 , resp.), were isolated from Aconitum hemsleyanum Pritz. By UV, IR, MS, 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR analyses, their structures were elucidated as 18‐dehydroxygeniculatine D ( 1 ), 6‐hydroxy‐14‐O‐veratroylneoline ( 2 ), 14‐O‐acetyl‐8‐ethoxysachaconitine ( 3 ), 18‐veratroylkaracoline ( 4 ) and 8‐O‐ethylaustroconitine B ( 5 ).     

Further Alkaloids from the Leaves of Trigonostemon lii

Four new indole alkaloids, trigonoliimines D–G ( 1 – 4 , resp.), were isolated from Trigonostemon lii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments.     

New Polyketides Isolated from Botryosphaeria australis Strain ZJ12‐1A

Four new polyketides, botryosphaerones A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.), were obtained from the fermentation culture of Botryosphaeria australis strain ZJ12‐1A, together with four known compounds, O‐methylasparvenone ( 5 ), 6‐ethyl‐2,7‐dimethoxyjuglon ( 6 ) and its monoacetyl derivative 7 , and O‐methylaspmenone ( 8 ). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments, and HR‐Q‐TOF mass spectrometry, and by comparison with reported data. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities in vitro. Only compounds 6 and 7 showed cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities, as already reported.     

New Sesquiterpenes from Edible Fungus Clavicorona pyxidata

Three new sesquiterpenes, pyxidatol A–C ( 1 – 3 , resp.), were obtained from the fermentation culture of Clavaria pyxidata, together with two known ones, tsugicoline E ( 4 ) and omphadiol ( 5 ). Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments, HR‐ESI‐Q‐TOF mass spectrometry, chemical correlation, and X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction.     

Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Cyclotides from Viola labridorica

Many Violaceae plants contain cyclotides, which are plant cyclopeptides distinguished by a cyclic cystine knot motif with 28–37 amino acid residues. In the current study, four new cyclotides, vila A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.), together with a known cyclotide, varv D ( 5 ), were isolated from Viola labridorica (Violaceae). A chromatography‐based method was used to isolate the cyclotides, which were characterized using tandem mass spectrometry and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy. Several of the cyclotides showed cytotoxic activities against five cancer cell lines, i.e., U251, MDA‐MB‐231, A549, DU145, and BEL‐7402, with vila A and B ( 1 and 2 , resp.) being the most cytotoxic. The isolated cyclotides showed no antibacterial activity against Staphyloccocus aureus and Candida albicans. Homology modeling of the cyclotide structures was used to analyze structure–activity relationships.     

C21 Steroidal Glycosides from Cynanchum wilfordii

Eight new C₂₁ steroidal glycosides, named wilfosides A–H ( 1 – 8 , resp.), along with one known compound wilfoside KIN ( 9 ), were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum wilfordii. The structures of the new glycosides were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and ESI‐MS techniques, as well as by comparison of the spectral data with those of related compounds.     

Phenolic Glycosides from the Chinese Liverwort Reboulia hemisphaerica

Four new phenolic glycosides, named rebouosides A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.), along with three known ones 2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl 2‐O‐α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐β‐D ‐allopyranoside ( 5 ), 2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl β‐D ‐allopyranoside ( 6 ), 2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 7 ), and a nucleoside, inosine ( 8 ), were isolated from Chinese liverwort Reboulia hemisphaerica. Their structures were elucidated by acidic hydrolysis and extensive spectroscopic methods, including 2D‐NMR techniques.     

Three New Phenylpropanoids from Inula nervosa Wall.

Three new phenylpropanoid compounds, named nervolans A–C ( 1 – 3 , resp.), together with two other known phenylpropanoids, coniferyl diangelate and sinapyl diangelate, were isolated from the aerial parts of Inula nervosa Wall . (Asteraceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. The structures of 1 – 3 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses, including HR‐ESI‐MS data and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 – 5 exhibited mild inhibitory effects against NO production in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells.     

Phenylglycol Metabolites from Cultures of the Basidiomycete Mycena pruinosoviscida BCC 22723

Mycenadiols A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.), phenylglycols possessing an ethynyl or vinyl (ethenyl) group were isolated from cultures of the basidiomycete Mycena pruinosoviscida BCC 22723. The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR‐spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by synthesis. Compounds 1 – 4 are synthetically known, but, they have not been previously isolated from natural sources.     

New Triterpenoidal Saponins from Gypsophila repens

Six new triterpene glycosides, repensosides A–F ( 1 – 6 , resp.), were isolated from the roots of Gypsophila repens L. Their structures, established by extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopic experiments as well as MS analyses, were found to be based on gypsogenic acid (or gypsogenin) as aglycone, with three to nine branched or unbranched sugar moieties.     

Dapholidins A – C,New Isomeric Biisoflavonoids From Daphne oleoides

Three new isomeric biisoflavonoids, dapholidins A–C ( 1 – 3 , resp.), have been isolated from the AcOEt‐soluble fraction of the MeOH‐soluble extract of the roots of Daphne oleoides, along with the known compounds daphwazirin ( 4 ), daphnetin 8‐O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 5 ), daphnin ( 6 ), daphneticin 4″‐O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 7 ), and 6,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐8‐[2‐oxo‐2H‐1‐benzopyran‐7‐(O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl)‐8‐yl]‐2H‐1‐benzopyran‐2‐one ( 8 ). The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR.     

Five New Tetranortriterpenoids from the Seeds of Toona ciliata

Five new tetranortriterpenoids, toonaciliatones B–F ( 1 – 5 , resp.), together with four known compounds, dihydrocedrelone ( 6 ), cedrelone ( 7 ), 6α‐acetoxyazadirone ( 8 ), and 6α‐acetoxy‐14β,15β‐epoxyazadirone ( 9 ), were isolated from the seeds of Toona ciliata. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy.     

Kadsufolins A – D and Related Cytotoxic Lignans from Kadsura oblongifolia

Kadsufolins A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.), four new dibenzocyclooctane‐type lignans, were isolated from the roots and stems of Kadsura oblongifolia, together with eleven known lignans. Their structures and configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2D‐NMR techniques. The compounds were also evaluated for cytotoxic activity against human tumor cell lines A549 (lung carcinoma), DU145 (prostate carcinoma), KB (epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx), and HCT‐8 (ileocecal carcinoma). Kadsufolin A ( 1 ), kadsufolin D ( 4 ), angeloylbinankadsurin A, and heteroclitin B were found to show cytotoxic activities against A549, DU145, KB and HCT‐8 with GI₅₀ values of 5.1–20.0 μg/ml.