组份可控的钌螯合物功能单分子膜

用作“表面离子”的钌螯合物Ru(dpphen)32+与脂肪酸类成膜分子以1:2混合时能够得到稳定的混合单分子膜.以十八烷基三氯硅烷（octadecayl trichloro silane, OTS）分子部分取代Ru(dpphen)32+,得到功能分子组份可控的混合单分子膜.研究表明,OTS分子在纯水表面上可以形成交联网状单分子膜结构,混入硬脂酸（SA）分子后,网状结构逐渐被破坏.SA含量增加,破坏的程度就增大,直至SA/OTS为3:1时,完全没有网状交联结构,形成可以用来沉积LB膜的均匀致密的单分子膜.表面离子Ru(dpphen)32+与OTS和SA一起构成三组份混合单分子膜,OTS和Ru(dpphen)32+为表面离子.单分子膜中混有Ru(dpphen)32+分子,可以有效地阻止OTS的交联发生,同时Ru(dpphen)32+/SA基团与OTS/SA基团是均匀共混的.改变Ru(dpphen)32+/SA基团与OTS/SA基团的混合比,即可以做到Ru(dpphen)32+的组份精确可控,得到可用来沉积LB膜的均一、稳定的单分子膜.     

单分子膜诱导下尿大分子对草酸钙晶体物相和晶面的调控作用

采用SEM,XRD和FTIR手段比较研究了DPPC单分子膜诱导下尿大分子硫酸软骨素A(C₄S)、硫酸软骨素C(C₆S)和血清蛋白(SA)对尿石盐草酸钙晶体生长的影响.DPPC单分子膜不但优先选择一水草酸钙(COM)物相成核生长,而且优先选择COM的(101)晶面.没有添加剂时,得到的COM为三维的六棱柱和三维的菱形晶体;加入尿大分子抑制剂后,COM的(101)晶面进一步加强,其它晶面减弱,导致二维晶体的形成.COM的(101)晶面为富钙离子晶面,带有过剩的正电荷,而DPPC单分子膜头基带有负电荷,几种尿大分子在实验条件下亦带有负电荷,带负电荷的单分子膜及带负电荷的大分子共同作用于富钙离子的(101)晶面,使得COM的(101)晶面择优生长.C₄S,C₆S和SA的存在均能有效地抑制COM生长.     

柠檬酸钾和pH对单分子膜诱导草酸钙晶体生长的影响

研究了柠檬酸钾(K3cit)和pH对硬脂酸(SA)单分子膜诱导下一水草酸钙(COM)晶体生长的影响。当K3cit浓度c(K3cit)≤0．03mmol／L时，表面压(π)减小使COM尺寸变大；c(K3cit)=0．1mmol／L时，π压变化对COM尺寸影响不大，表明在较高的K3cit浓度下COM生长过程中晶格匹配不是主要控制因素。当c(K3cit)≤0．03mmol／L时，随着K3cit浓度增大，单分子膜下COM变薄。当c(K3cit)≥0．3mmol／L时，K3cit强烈地抑制COM的生长。pH的变化改变了柠檬酸不同物种的分布情况，从而影响COM晶面的生长。在pH=12时诱导了二水草酸钙(COD)晶体的生长，归因于K3cit对COD的诱导作用和高pH条件下SA单分子膜／水界面高的Ca^2 ／Oxa^2-摩尔比。     

微生物脂肽与磷脂的混合单分子膜性质

研究了一种微生物脂肽--表面活性素与二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱(DMPC)在气,液界面形成的混合单分子膜性质.测定了混合单分子膜的表面压.分子面积(л-A)曲线,根据л-A曲线获得了不同表面压下混合单分子膜的过剩面积(Aex)和混合过剩自由能(△Gmex)与混合单分子膜中表面活性素摩尔分数的关系.Aex和△Gmex的计算结果均表明,表面活性素与DMPC在纯水亚相上形成的混合单分子膜中不相容,二者之间 的相互作用主要是排斥力.通过原子力显微镜观察了在表面压15mN/m下的混合单分子膜的LB膜,发现表面活性素与DMPC发生了微相分离,说明二者在混合膜中的烷基链取向不同,这可能是二者发生排斥作用的主要原因之一.此外,还研究了亚相pH对混合单分子膜相容性的影响,发现表面活性素与DMPC在混合单分子膜中的相容性在碱性环境下增强,这可能与二者极性头基之间的相互作用有关.     

胆红素有序分子膜的行为研究

研究了不同亚相表面胆红素(BR)单分子膜和LB膜的性质,讨论了胆红素分子在有序分子膜中的堆积密度、分子伸展和金属离子配位。在气-水界面,BR与金属离子的配位导致BR单分子截面积、崩溃压和可见紫外光谱的变化。原子力显微镜表明BR-Cu单分子膜的厚渡为1.23 nm。     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯单分子膜的静、动态弹性

通过测量分析两个不同分子量的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)单分子膜的π-A等温线及其微分曲线,讨论了PMMA单分子膜成膜过程和分子量对膜相变状态的影响,并用动态膜障振动法测量了PMMA单分子膜的动态弹性.结果表明,分子链的相互作用(如扭曲和缠绕)在膜的形成中起着重要的作用,并影响膜的静、动态性质.单分子膜的静、动态弹性都有两相特性,且前者比后者小.随着分子量的增大,膜的凝聚性和稳定性都增强,静、动态弹性都增大.     

醇类在Si-H表面形成单分子膜的特性

以界面电容分析法为主并结合XPS、AFM技术研究了醇类分子在Si(111)-H表面上形成的有机单分子膜的特性。并探讨了嫁接反应中影响单分子膜特性的某些因素和单分子膜的稳定性及其对硅表面氧化的钝化作用。在所选择的反应条件下，不同链长醇分子修饰的硅表面上，嫁接分子所占体积分数约为80％，平带电位约为-1．00V(vs.SSE)。研究表明，这类膜稳定性和对硅表面氧化的钝化作用非常有限。     

3-二茂铁基-2-丁烯酸/十八胺混合单分子膜的制备

3-二茂铁基-2-丁烯酸/十八胺混合单分子膜的制备;二茂铁衍生物;十八胺;混合单分子膜;制备     

双亲性含硫和含氮化合物有序单分子膜对碳钢的缓蚀作用

应用超分子组装技术将含硫儿含氮的双亲性金属缓蚀剂有序单分子膜按设计方式修饰在碳钢表面，探讨了在有主邓的单分子膜内缓蚀剂分子的排列对碳钢在硫酸中腐的抑制作用，深入讨论了缓蚀剂单分子膜对碳钢腐蚀过程的抑制机理，研究发现：在单分子膜中，水合氢离子传递的离子通道强烈地依赖于缓蚀剂分子的排列方式。     

髓鞘碱性蛋白对细胞膜脂质分子DPPC、DPPE单层膜影响机理研究

本文通过Langmuir单层膜的表面压力-平均分子面积(π-A)曲线的测定与分析,分别对髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)与细胞膜中不同头部基团脂质分子二棕榈酰基磷脂胆碱(DPPC)和二棕榈酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺(DPPE)在空气/液体界面上的相互作用过程进行了系统研究.实验结果表明:(1)当界面上脂质含量一定时,亚相中随着MBP浓度的增大,DPPC、DPPE单层膜的等温线向平均分子面积较大的方向移动;(2)在单层膜表面压力为10 mN/m时,一个MBP分子分别结合140±3个DPPC分子和100±3个DPPE分子,随着表面压力增大,当MBP分子分别与两种磷脂分子相互作用时,MBP插入到磷脂单层界面的个数逐渐减少;(3)随着蛋白质浓度的增加,脂分子形成的单层膜变得较为疏松,且MBP分子易于插入到分子头部较小的DPPE单层膜中;(4)蛋白质的存在使DPPC单层膜的表面压力逐渐减小,且蛋白质浓度越大表面压力降低越多,DPPC被MBP带入到亚相中越多;(5)对于DPPE单层膜,蛋白质通过与DPPE相互作用插入到界面膜中,引起表面压力增大,且蛋白质浓度越高,压力变化量越大.     

Microstructure and Ion Exchange in Stearic Acid Langmuir-Blodgett Films Studied by Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectra have been recorded of 11-layer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of stearic acid deposited at various surface pressures (0.1, 15, and 35 mN/m), and the molecular orientation angles were evaluated quantitatively, which supplied insight into the molecular order with the alkyl chains tightly packed like crystal in the LB films deposited at the zero and higher surface pressures. These experimental results indicate that, in the Langmuir film as the precursor of LB films, stearic acid molecules self-aggregate to form two-dimensional crystalline domains already even at the zero surface pressure, which results in the inhomogeneity of monolayer. The analysis of dependence of nu(C=O) intensity on the surface pressure, surface density, and subphase temperature leads to the conclusion that the defects in LB films originate from the Langmuir film and be conserved upon deposition. Annealing below 50 degrees C and cooling could improve the monolayer homogeneity, and thus a defect-free or low-defect LB films can be deposited. Furthermore, ion exchange conducted in the LB films, on the other hand, confirms the existence of structure defects in LB films of stearic acid. The polar plane microstructure, lateral transport along the polar planes and the coordination types of stearic acid/cation system may be the rate-limiting process. The results have implication on the possible uses of stearic acid LB films as ion-exchange materials or sensors. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.     

镶嵌血卟啉的硬脂酸LB膜研究

制备了嵌有血卟啉的硬脂酸LB膜, 结果表明, 血卟啉分子镶嵌在硬脂酸间分子膜内, 在混合LB膜中血卟啉分子之间未发生强的相互作用, 其大环平面为倾斜取向。     

Formation of langmuir-blodgett films containing two-dimensional monoatomic arrays of rare-earth cations

The work is focused on the preparation and characterisation of rare-earth containing stearic acid Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. Stearic acid monolayer behavior on the rare-earth containing aqueous subphase have been analyzed by thermodynamic measurements. The compression isotherm shape changed substantially under varying the anion type at the constant rare-earth cation content in aqueous subphase. The structure of formed multilayer rare-earth containing LB films was studied using small angle X-rays diffraction. The considerable structural defects in multilayer films were found when rare-earth chloride solution was exploited as aqueous subphase, caused presumably by electrostatic interactions at the monolayer surface under high binding of rare-earth cations. The use of monodentate complexones like acetic acid was proposed to form bulk phase quasi-neutral rare-earth complexes. The electroneutral ligand exchange reactions of such complexes with stearic acid monolayer allowed to neutralise monolayer surface under rare-earth cations binding and to form condenced monolayer below the triple-point temperature. The compression of such monolayer to the state of minimal compressibility and subsequent monolayer deposition resulted in the formation of high ordered LB films with high content of adsorbed multivalent rare-earth cations arranged in two-dimensional monoatomic arrays.     

Formation of complex Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of water soluble rosebengal

This communication reports the formation of complex Langmuir monolayer at the air-water interface by charge transfer types of interaction with the water soluble N-cetyl N,N,N-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) molecules doped with rosebengal (RB), with the stearic acid (SA) molecules of a preformed SA Langmuir monolayer. The reaction kinetics of the formation of RB-CTAB-SA complex monolayer was monitored by observing the increase in surface pressure with time while the barrier was kept fixed. Completion of interaction kinetics was confirmed by FTIR study. This complex Langmuir films at the air-water interface was transferred onto solid substrates at a desired surface pressure to form multilayered Langmuir-Blodgett films. Spectroscopic characterizations reveal some molecular level interactions as well as formation of microcrystalline aggregates depending upon the molar ratios of CTAB and RB within the complex LB films. Presence of two types of species in the complex LB films was confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy.     

Role of microenvironment in the mixed Langmuir-Blodgett films

This paper reports the pi-A isotherms and spectroscopic characteristics of mixed Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of nonamphiphilic carbazole (CA) molecules mixed with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and stearic acid (SA). pi-A isotherm studies of mixed monolayer as well as the remarkable change in collapse pressure of the mixed monolayer isotherms definitely show that CA is incorporated into PMMA and SA matrices. However, CA is stacked in the PMMA/SA chains and forms microcrystalline aggregates, as is evidenced from the scanning electron micrograph picture. The nature of these aggregated species in the mixed LB films has been revealed by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic studies. The presence of two different kinds of band systems in the fluorescence spectra of the mixed LB films have been observed. This may be due to the formation of low-dimensional aggregates in the mixed LB films. Intensity distribution of different band systems is highly sensitive to the microenvironment of two different matrices as well as also on the film thickness.     

Adsorption kinetics of a fluorescent dye in a long chain fatty acid matrix

This work reports the adsorption kinetics of a highly fluorescent laser dye rhodamine B (RhB) in a preformed stearic acid (SA) Langmuir monolayer. The reaction kinetics was studied by surface pressure-time (π-t) curve at constant area and in situ fluorescence imaging microscopy (FIM). Increase in surface pressure (at constant area) with time as well as increase in surface coverage of monolayer film at air-water interface provide direct evidence for the interaction. ATR-FTIR spectra also supported the interaction and consequent complexation in the complex films. UV-vis absorption and Fluorescence spectra of the complex Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films confirm the presence of RhB molecules in the complex films transferred onto solid substrates. The outcome of this work clearly shows successful incorporation of RhB molecules into SA matrix without changing the photophysical characteristics of the dye, thus making the dye material as LB compatible.     

不含亲水基团的偶氮苯衍生物L-B膜的制备和性质研究

本文合成了具有一定结构特点的偶氮苯的衍生物, 以元素分析和^1HNMR鉴定了B产物的组成和结构。采用L-B技术制备了其多层L-B膜, 以紫外可见光谱研究了膜中分子的聚集状态和膜的纵向均匀性; 以偏振紫外确定了膜中分子偶氮基的取向; L-B膜的小角度X射线衍射结果表明膜具有层状有序的周期性结构。     

稀土三酞菁夹心化合物混合LB膜的研究

将不对称三明治型夹心化合物(Pc)Dy[Pc(OC₈H₁₇)₈]Dy[Pc(OC₈H₁₇)₈]与硬脂酸混合成膜，表面压-面积（π-A）曲线表明形成了稳定的单层膜，由透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察,表明硬脂酸的加入有效地改善了分子的聚集行为，分子形成了取向高度有序的结构。用紫外-可见光谱、偏振紫外可见光谱、低角X射线衍射等对LB膜进行了研究，发现该取代稀土三酞菁分子在气/液界面上长链向上伸展，分子之间均以面对面（face-to-face）排列，以一边接触（edge-on）方式取向,大环平面与基片夹角约为52°，每层厚度为2.41 nm。     

Synthesis of cadmium sulphide in pure and mixed Langmuir-Blodgett films of n -octadecylsuccinic acid

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles were grown by the reaction of sodium sulphide (Na₂S) with Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of cadmium salts ofn-octadecylsuccinic acid (ODSU) and with LB films of ODSU in mixtures of octadecylamine and octadecyl alcohol. The results indicate that heterogeneous nucleation and aggregation in the pure ODSU LB films due to processes like Ostwald ripening are destabilized by the presence of the long-chain amine and alcohol in mixed systems. CdS nanoparticles in the LB films were monitored by UV-visible absorption spectra, which allow an estimation of the size of the particles. The morphology, size and nature of the nanocrystallites formed depend on whether the sulphidation was done on the pure film or in the mixed films. It is seen that particles of size around 1.6 nm were formed in ODSU/octadecylalcohol and ODSU/ octadecylamine mixed LB films while in pure ODSU films the size was about 2.7 nm. These films showed typical needle-shaped structures, as observed by the optical microscopic technique. Mean size and morphology were confirmed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, while selective area electron diffraction patterns showed six-fold symmetry and indicated that the CdS crystals grow epitaxially with respect to the monolayer. Further, the crystallisation enhanced in the mixed LB films showed a characteristic zinc oxide (Wurtzite) structure compared with the pure ODSU matrix.     

四(十六烷硫基)四硫富瓦烯/硬脂酸混合LB膜的结构研究

我们考察了四(十六烷硫基)四硫富瓦烯/硬脂酸(THT-TTF:SA=1:n)在气-液界面的聚集状态及在LB膜中的排列,当n=1时,THT-TTF分子在气-液界面形成了双分子膜;当n>6时,THT-TTF分子形成了单分子膜;1相似文献