Thermal and diffusive relaxation of an evaporating drop with internal heat liberation

The problem of nonsteady-state evaporation or growth of a radiating drop with uniformly distributed internal heat sources is considered. The Reynolds R=ua/v 1 and Peclet P_D= ua/D 1 numbers are assumed to be small (a is the radius of the drop, u the velocity of its relative motion, andv, D, the coefficients of viscosity, diffusion and thermal diffusivity of the vapor-gas medium). This enables the convective transfer of vapor and heat to be neglected, and the concentration and temperature fields to be regarded as spherically symmetric [1]. In view of the fact that the density of saturated vapor is less than the density of liquid the convective flow caused by the change in radius of the drop is not taken into account [2]. It has already been shown [3,4], that for _r (, _r are the coefficients of molecular and radiative thermal conductivity) there exists a bounded region ryo (1/) /_r ( is the absorption coefficient for radiation in the gas), in which the effect of radiation on the temperature relaxation of the vapor-gas medium is negligible. If the conditiona (1/) /_r is satisfied, then the temperature at the outer boundary of this region will be practically the same as the temperature at infinity T=T. This means that terms in the energy equation connected with energy transferred by radiation can be neglected. It is assumed that the free path of molecules in the gas is less than the radius of the drop, and so concentration and temperature discontinuities close to the surface of the drop can be neglected [2].Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 78–87, January–February, 1970.The authors are grateful to V. G. Levich for discussing the results of the paper.     

Anwendung des Übertragungsverfahrens bei stark abklingenden Lösungsfunktionen

Übersicht Bei stark abklingenden Funktionen wird die Übertragungsmatrix U() aufgespalten in die Anteilc U ₁() e^– und U ₂() e. Der zweite Term spielt am Rand = 0 keinc Rolle. Die unbekannten Anfangswerte sind über die Matrix U ₁(0) an die bekannten gebunden und eindeutig bestimmbar.

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Summary For strongly decaying solution functions the transfer matrix U() is splitted into the parts U ₁() e^– and U ₂() e. The second term does not influence at the boundary = 0. The unknown initial values are related by the matrix U ₁(0) to the known values and they can be uniquely determined.

     

The Conjugacy of Stochastic and Random Differential Equations and the Existence of Global Attractors

We consider stochastic differential equations in d-dimensional Euclidean space driven by an m-dimensional Wiener process, determined by the drift vector field f₀ and the diffusion vector fields f₁,...,f_m, and investigate the existence of global random attractors for the associated flows . For this purpose is decomposed into a stationary diffeomorphism given by the stochastic differential equation on the space of smooth flows on R^d driven by m independent stationary Ornstein Uhlenbeck processes z¹,...,z^m and the vector fields f₁,...,f_m, and a flow generated by the nonautonomous ordinary differential equation given by the vector field (_t/x)^–1[f₀(_t)+ _i=1 ¹ f_i(_t)z _t ⁱ ]. In this setting, attractors of are canonically related with attractors of . For , the problem of existence of attractors is then considered as a perturbation problem. Conditions on the vector fields are derived under which a Lyapunov function for the deterministic differential equation determined by the vector field f₀ is still a Lyapunov function for , yielding an attractor this way. The criterion is finally tested in various prominent examples.     

Die Torsionsspannungen in Wellen mit tiefen Längsnuten

Übersicht MitF(x, y) als Spannungsfunktion einer Welle ohne Nut und(, y) als Potentialfunktion des Quelle-Senke-Systems erhält man Spannungsfunktionen(, y) =F(x, y) –(, y) für Wellen mit tiefen Längsnuten. Es wird gezeigt, daß sich damit die Schubspannungen in den Läufern von Schraubenverdichtern ermitteln lassen.

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Shearing stresses in shafts with deep longitudinal grooves

Summary The stress functions(, y) of shafts with deep longitudinal grooves may be represented by(, y) =F(x, y) –(, y) whereF(x, y) is the stress function of a cylindrical shaft without grooves and(, y) denotes the potential function of the source-sink system. It is shown that the shearing stresses in rotors of screw-compressors may be obtained in this way.

     

A sensitive and rapid bridge for the study of magnetic susceptibilities at frequencies from 200 to 106 Hz

Summary A new piece of equipment is described for measuring / ₀ and / ₀ as a function of field (0 to 4250 Oe), temperature (1.2°K to room temperature) and frequency (200 Hz to 1 MHz). It is about ten times more sensitive than the Hartshorn bridge used in Leiden²⁾ and it is more convenient to operate as the measuring procedure is automatic after initial adjustments have been made. The main component is a bridge circuit of four inductors, built as closely similar to each other as possible. The output from the bridge goes to two phase sensitive detectors which monitor the two outputs, one inphase, one /2 out of phase, of the bridge. A heterodyne system is used where the input signal to the bridge is obtained by mixing the output from a variable frequency oscillator with that from a 1.5 MHz oscillator and taking the difference frequency, which is phase locked to a master oscillator. The output from the bridge, after preamplification, is mixed with a second output from the variable oscillator and the difference taken again. This gives a 1.5 MHz signal modulated by the magnetic effects in the bridge which is used in the two phase-sensitive detectors. Their output is recorded on an x–y writer. The bridge needs only be balanced to an output of about 50 mV because the sample is moved between two coils and the difference voltage is measured. The use of the same equipment to measure relaxation times longer than 100 ms is also described.Communication No. 349a from The Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden, The Netherlands     

Supersonic three-dimensional flow around a delta wing with blunted leading edges

We consider the problem of steady flow of an inviscid, non-heat-conducting gas about a delta wing which is spherically blunted at the nose and cylindrlcally blunded on the leading edges, at an angle of attack.Several experimental and theoretical studies have been devoted to the investigation of this problem, of which we note [1–4], In the following the three-dimensional method of characteristics using the scheme proposed in [5] is used to calculate the flow fields about such bodies for freestream Mach numbers M=6, 7, 8, and , sweep angle =70°, and angles of attack from 0 to 15°.     

Hypersonic flow past blunt-edged delta wings

A method is proposed for calculating hypersonic ideal-gas flow past blunt-edged delta wings with aspect ratios = 100–200. Systematic wing flow calculations are carried out on the intervals 6 M 20, 0 20, 60 80; the results are analyzed in terms of hypersonic similarity parameters.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 5, pp. 175–179, September–October, 1990.     

Die eingespannte Halbplatte mit verformbarem Randstück und sprunghaft veränderlichen Randlasten

Übersicht Der Verformungszustand isotroper Halbplatten mit sprunghaft veränderlichen Randbedingungen kann durch zwei stückweise analytische Funktionen (z) und (z) beschrieben werden. Setzt man geeignete Funktionenkombinationen aus (z) und (z), also Funktionen, welche die Randbedingungen beschreiben, über Randteilbereiche analytisch fort, so gelingt es, lineare Kopplungsprobleme (Hilbertprobleme) der genannten Lösungsfunktionen zu definieren. Die Lösungen dieser Kopplungsprobleme zeigen, daß im Bereich von Randpunkten mit sprunghaft veränderlichen Randbedingungen Querkraft und Momentensingularitäten auftreten, die sogar oszillierenden Charakter haben können.

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Summary The displacement of isotropic half-plates with mixed boundary conditions can be described by two sectionally holomorphic functions (z) and (z). Continuing analytically suitable combinations of the functions (z) and (z), defined by the boundary conditions, linear Hubert problems for the solution functions can be obtained. The solutions of these problems show, that in points of abrupt changes of the boundary conditions singularities in torques and in shear forces may arise, which might even have oscillating character.

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Auszug aus einer von der Fakultät für Bauwesen der Technischen Universität München angenommenen Habilitationsschrift. Referent: Prof. Dr.-Ing. G. Knittel, Korreferent: Wiss. Rat Dr.-Ing. H. Grundmann.     

On the Temperature of a Rarefied Gas in Non‐Equilibrium

This paper addresses the problem of the proper definition of temperature of a gas in nonequilibrium. It shows that the mean kinetic energy of the atoms of a rarefied gas is not a good measure for thethermodynamic temperature, because in general it jumps at a wall, and because it is nonmonotone in a onedimensional process of stationary heat conduction. The jump of the kinetic temperature is calculated and found to be about 5K in a rarefied gas. The basis for the calculations is provided by the arguments of extended thermodynamics of 14 moments. An essential tool is the minimax principle of entropy production recently postulated by Struchtrup Weiss [1], because it furnishes one important boundary condition.Sommario. Il lavoro riguarda la corretta definizione della temperatura di un gas in condizioni di nonequilibrio. Si mostra come lenergia cinetica media degli atomi di un gas rarefatto non sia una buona misura della temperatura termodinamica poiché in generale, essa risulta discontinua su una parete e nonmonotona in un processo unidimensionale di conduzione stazionaria del calore. Viene calcolato il salto della temperatura cinetica che risulta pari a circa 5K in un gas rarefatto. La base per il calcolo è fornita dal contesto della termodinamica estesa di 14 momenti. Uno strumento essenziale è rappresentato dal principio di minimax di produzione di entropia recentemente postulato da Struchtrup and Weiss [1], che fornisce unimportante condizione alcontorno.     

Calculation of shear influences on the phase separation of polymer blends exhibiting upper critical solution temperatures

Calculations were performed on the basis of a generalized Gibbs energy of mixing G , which is the sum of the Gibbs energy of mixing of the stagnant system and E _s, the energy stored in the system during stationary flow. With increasing shear rate , the demixing temperatures shift to lower values (shear-induced mixing; diminution of the heterogeneous area), then to higher values (shear-induced demixing), and finally to lower values again before the effects fade out. The details of the rather complex phase diagrams resulting for a given shear rate are primarily determined by a band in the T/ plane ( = mole fraction) within which (² E _s/²) _T <0 (i.e., E _S acts towards phase separation). There are two ranges of within which closed miscibility gaps can exist: The more common outer islands are partly or totally situated outside the equilibrium gap (and within the above mentioned band). As is raised they break away from the mainland at the upper end of the first region of shear-induced mixing and shift to T>UCST where they submerge. Bound to a suitable choice of parameters, a second kind of closed miscibility gaps, the inner islands, which always remain within the equilibrium solubility gap (and outside the band of negative curvature of E _S) is additionally observed. This time the islands break away from the mainland at the lower end of the first region of shear-induced mixing where they also submerge. The present findings are compared with the results of previous calculations for LCSTs.     

Flow over a body with development of a steady separation zone as re → ∞

This paper discusses formulation of the total problem of flow of an incompressible liquid over a body, with formation of a closed stationary separation zone as Re . The scheme used is based on the method of matched asymptotic expansions [1]. Following [1], it is postulated that the separated zone is developed (i.e., it is not infinitely fragmented and does not vanish as Re ), and the flow inside it has a definite degree of regularity with respect to Re. With these hypotheses we can use the Prandtl-Batchelor theorem [2], which states that, in the limit as Re , a region of circulating flow becomes vortex flow of an inviscid liquid with constant vorticity . Therefore, a basis for constructing matched asymptotic expansions is the vortex-potential problem (the problem of determining a stream function , satisfying the equation = 0 in the region of translational motion and the equation = in a certain region, unknowna priori, of circulating motion). In the general case the solution of the vortex-potential problem depends on two parameters: the total pressure p_o and the vorticity in the separated zone. These parameters appear in the condition for matching the solutions of the first and second boundary-layer approximations (at the boundary of the separated zone for the end Re values) with the corresponding solutions for the inviscid flow. It is shown in the present paper that the conditions for matching the cyclic boundary layer with the external translational flow are the same additional relations which allow us to close the total problem. Thus, in using the method of matched asymptotic expansions to solve the problem of flow over a body with closed stationary separation zones one must simultaneously consider no less than two approximations.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 2, pp. 28–37, March–April, 1978.The authors thank G. Yu. Stepanov for discussion of the paper and valuable comments.     

Construction of exact numerical solutions of the stationary traveling wave type for viscous thin films

An effective numerical procedure, based on the Galerkin method, for finding solutions of the stationary traveling wave type in the complete formulation is proposed for the case of viscous liquid films. Examples of a viscous film flowing freely down a vertical surface have been calculated. The calculations have been made for various values of the dimensionless surface tension , including =0. The method makes it possible to predict a number of bifurcations that occur as decreases. The existence of numerous families of stationary traveling waves when 1 was demonstrated in [6]. The present study shows that as 1 all but one of these families of wave solutions disappear. The shape of the periodic and solitary waves and the pressure distribution in the film are found for various . When =0 and the wave number is fairly small, the periodic solution has a singularity, as predicted in [14]: at the crest of the wave a corner point appears; the angle between the tangents at this point =140–150. The method proposed can be used to calculate other wavy film flows.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 3, pp. 94–100, May–June, 1990.     

On the Ellipticity of the Middle Surface of a Shell and its Application to the Asymptotic Analysis of ‘Membrane’ Shells

We consider a surface S = (), where ² is a bounded, connected, open set with a smooth boundary and : ³ is a smooth map; let () denote the components of the two-dimensional linearized strain tensor of S and let 0 with length 0 > 0. We assume the the norm ,|| ()||0, in the space V0() = { H¹() × H¹() × L²(); = 0 on 0 } is equivalent to the usual product norm on this space. We then establish that this assumption implies that the surface S is uniformly elliptic and that we necessarily have 0 = .     

Free-forced convection from a heated longitudinal horizontal cylinder embedded in a porous medium

The flow and heat transfer from a heated semi-infinite horizontal circular cylinder which is moving with a constant speed into a porous medium is considered. It is assumed that the Grashof and Reynolds numbers are large so that the governing equations are the three dimensional boundary-layer equations. A numerical procedure for solving these equations is described and the asymptotic solutions which are valid both near and distant from the leading edge of the cylinder are presented. The range of validity of these asymptotic solutions is discussed and the results are compared in detail with the full numerical solution. The problem is of practical importance, for example in the drilling of pipes into a geothermal reservoir.

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Freie erzwungene Konvektion von einem beheizten schlanken horizontalen Zylinder, eingebettet in ein poröses Medium

Zusammenfassung Es wird die Strömung und der Wärmeübergang an einem beheizten, halbunendlichen horizontalen Kreiszylinder betrachtet, der mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit sich in ein poröses Medium bewegt. Dabei wird angenommen, daß die Grashof- und Reynolds-Zahlen groß sind, so daß die Bestimmungsgleichungen von den dreidimensionalen Grenzschichtgleichungen gebildet werden. Es wird ein numerisches Verfahren zur Lösung dieser Gleichungen beschrieben und eine asymptotische Lösung präsentiert, die sowohl in der Nähe als auch in großem Abstand von dem vorderen Ende des Zylinders gültig ist. Der Gültigkeitsbereich dieser asymptotischen Lösungen wird diskutiert und die Ergebnisse werden im Detail mit vollständigen numerischen Lösungen verglichen. Das Problem ist z.B. beim Eindringen von Rohrleitungen in geothermische Reservoire von praktischer Wichtigkeit.

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Nomenclature a radius of cylinder - Gr Grashof number (=g(T_w-Ta/²) - g acceleration due to gravity - permeability in the porous medium - Nu local Nusselt number - total heat flux from cylinder - q _w heat flux from cylinder - r radial co ordinate - Ra Rayleigh number (=g (T_w - T_t8) a/ ) - Re Reynolds number (=U _t8 a/) - T temperature - u, v, w speeds inx, , r directions - x axial co ordinate - equivalent thermal diffusivity - thermal expansion coefficient - ratioGr/Re - similarity variable - dimensionless temperature (=(T- T)/(T _w- T) - kinematic viscosity - azimuthal co ordinate - w cylinder surface - free stream     

Flow stability of a Grad-model liquid layer on an inclined plane

A study is presented of the flow of stability of a Grad-model liquid layer [1, 2] flowing over an inclined plane under the influence of the gravity force.It is assumed that at every point of the considered material continuum, along with the conventional velocity vector v, there is defined an angular velocity vector , the internal moment stresses are negligibly small, and in the general case the force stress tensor _kj is asymmetric. The model is characterized by the usual Newtonian viscosity , the Newtonian rolling viscosity _r, and the relaxation time = J/4 _r, where J is a scalar constant of the medium with dimensions of moment of inertia per unit mass, is the density. It is assumed that the medium is incompressible, the coefficients , _r, J are constant [2].The exact solution of the equations of motion, corresponding to flow of a layer with a plane surface, coincides with the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations in the case of flow of a layer of Newtonian fluid. The equations for three-dimensional periodic disturbances differ considerably from the corresponding equations for the problem of the flow stability of a layer of a Newtonian medium. It is shown that the Squire theorem is valid for parallel flows of a Grad liquid.The flow stability of the layer with respect to long-wave disturbances is studied using the method of sequential approximations suggested in [3, 4].     

Determination of permeability tensors for two-phase flow in homogeneous porous media: Theory

In this paper we continue previous studies of the closure problem for two-phase flow in homogeneous porous media, and we show how the closure problem can be transformed to a pair of Stokes-like boundary-value problems in terms of pressures that have units of length and velocities that have units of length squared. These are essentially geometrical boundary value problems that are used to calculate the four permeability tensors that appear in the volume averaged Stokes' equations. To determine the geometry associated with the closure problem, one needs to solve the physical problem; however, the closure problem can be solved using the same algorithm used to solve the physical problem, thus the entire procedure can be accomplished with a single numerical code.Nomenclature a a vector that maps V onto , m^-1. - A a tensor that maps V onto . - A area of the - interface contained within the macroscopic region, m². - A area of the -phase entrances and exits contained within the macroscopic region, m². - A area of the - interface contained within the averaging volume, m². - A area of the -phase entrances and exits contained within the averaging volume, m². - Bo Bond number (= (=(–)g²/). - Ca capillary number (= v/). - g gravitational acceleration, m/s². - H mean curvature, m^-1. - I unit tensor. - permeability tensor for the -phase, m². - viscous drag tensor that maps V onto V. - ^* dominant permeability tensor that maps onto v , m². - ^* coupling permeability tensor that maps onto v , m². - characteristic length scale for the -phase, m. - l characteristic length scale representing both and , m. - L characteristic length scale for volume averaged quantities, m. - n unit normal vector directed from the -phase toward the -phase. - n unit normal vector representing both n and n . - n unit normal vector representing both n and n . - P pressure in the -phase, N/m². - p superficial average pressure in the -phase, N/m². - p intrinsic average pressure in the -phase, N/m². - p –p , spatial deviation pressure for the -phase, N/m². - r ₀ radius of the averaging volume, m. - r position vector, m. - t time, s. - v fluid velocity in the -phase, m/s. - v superficial average velocity in the -phase, m/s. - v intrinsic average velocity in the -phase, m/s. - v –v , spatial deviation velocity in the -phase, m/s. - V volume of the -phase contained within the averaging volmue, m³. - averaging volume, m³. Greek Symbols V /, volume fraction of the -phase. - viscosity of the -phase, Ns/m². - density of the -phase, kg/m³. - surface tension, N/m. - (v +v ^T ), viscous stress tensor for the -phase, N/m².     

Exact Solutions of the Hydrodynamic Equations Derived from Partially Invariant Solutions

The paper proposes a heuristic approach to constructing exact solutions of the hydrodynamic equations based on the specificity of these equations. A number of systems of hydrodynamic equations possess the following structure: they contain a reduced system of n equations and an additional equation for an extra function w. In this case, the reduced system, in which w = 0, admits a Lie group G. Taking a certain partially invariant solution of the reduced system with respect to this group as a seed:rdquo; solution, we can find a solution of the entire system, in which the functional dependence of the invariant part of the seed solution on the invariants of the group G has the previous form. Implementation of the algorithm proposed is exemplified by constructing new exact solutions of the equations of rotationally symmetric motion of an ideal incompressible liquid and the equations of concentrational convection in a plane boundary layer and thermal convection in a rotating layer of a viscous liquid.     

A three-dimensional variational problem in the gasdynamic theory of a lubricant

In [1–3] optimal forms of the gap were found for one-dimensional aerodynamic sliding bearings. The coefficient of the bearing capacity is optimized under the condition that the one-dimensional Reynolds equation of a gas lubricant is used to determine the pressure in the bearing. In the present article the three-dimensional problem of finding the optimal profile of an aerodynamic sliding bearing in the case of small compressibility numbers is considered. The problem is solved by the methods of variational calculation. A qualitative investigation is made of the form of the optimal profile, the results of which are confirmed by a numerical solution of a system of Euler-Lagrange equations. The results of the calculations are given for different elongations of the bearing. On the basis of the profiles obtained, optimal profiles with a rectangular pocket, which are more practical to fabricate, are found.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 5, pp. 34–39, September–October, 1975.     

Untersuchungsergebnisse über die kapillare Leitfähigkeit von Baustoffen

Zusammenfassung Krischer hat die kapillare Flüssigkeitsbewegung als Potentialströmung beschrieben, deren Ursache ein Feuchtegefälle ist und führte als Stoffeigenschaft die Flüssigkeitsleitzahl als Funktion des Feuchtegehaltes ein. Trennt man durch einen modifizierten Ansatz Kapillar- und Reibungskräfte, so erhält man Kapillarfunktionen, die für den Fall der stationären Strömung bei horizontaler Flüssigkeitsbewegung oder bei lotrechter Flüssigkeitsbewegung unter Vernachlässigung der Schwerkraft in der Krischerschen Flüssigkeitsleitzahl (Kapillarleitkoeffizient) zusammengefaßt werden können.Diese Kapillarfunktionen für Wasser wurden von Quarzsand, Ziegel, Kalksandstein, Gasbeton und Bimsbeton ermittelt und der Kapillarleitkoeffizient als Funktion des Feuchtegehaltes für den Befeuchtungsvorgang angegeben. Zur experimentellen Bestimmung des Feuchtegehaltes war das Durchstrahlungsverfahren mit Gammastrahlen gewählt worden, um den volumenbezogenen Feuchtegehalt während eines quasistationären Vorganges der kapillaren Flüssigkeitsbewegung in Abhängigkeit von Zeit und Ort ohne Störung des Vorganges ermitteln zu können.

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Results of investigations on the capillary motion of moisture in building materials

Krischer described the capillary motion of moisture as a water transfer proportional to the gradient of water content by volume, and defined a coefficient of capillary conductivity as a function of moisture content. Equations of general validity, however, can be developed by separation in terms for capillary and gravity forces and capillary resistance. These capillary functions can be transferred in the coefficient for processes with horizontal motion and for those cases where gravity does not have any impact on the motion in small capillary pore spaces.The capillary functions and the coefficients of capillary conductivity for quasi-steady processes of humidification were determined of quartz sand, brick, sandlime brick, cellular concrete and pumice concrete. The temporally and locally changing moisture content during capillary rising tests was measured non-destructively by means of the attenuation effect of penetrating gamma rays.

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Formelzeichen F Stoffquerschnitt - H() feuchtigkeitsabhängige maximale kapillare Steighöhe - H_max maximale kapillare Steighöhe beim maximalen Feuchtegehalt - I₀ Intensität der auffallenden Gammastrahlung - I Intensität der durchfallenden Gammastrahlung - R() feuchtigkeitsabhängiger kapillarer Reibungskoeffizient - R_max kapillarer Reibungskoeffizient beim maximalen Feuchtegehalt - V Volumstrom - h kapillare Steighöhe - q_S Volumanteil des Feststoffes - q_W Volumanteil des Wassers - q_L Volumanteil der Luft - s Weglänge - t Zeit - x Schichtdicke - y Impulszahl - Neigungswinkel gegen die Lotrechte - statistischer Fehler bei der Impulsmessung - Kapillarleitkoeffizient bzw. Flüssigkeitsleitzahl na ch Krischer - Schwächungskoeffizient für Gammastrahlen - Dichte - / Massenschwächungskoeffizient - volumenbezogener Feuchtegehalt - _max maximaler volumenbezogener Feuchtgehalt - _S Schwächungskoeffizient des Feststoffes - _W Schwächungskoeffizient des Wassers - _L Schwächungskoeffizient der Luft Herrn Professor Dr.-Ing. H. Glaser, Stuttgart, zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.Die Untersuchungen erfolgten mit Mitteln der AIF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen e.V., Köln). Der Aufbau der Versuchs-anordnung und die Gammastrahlungsmessungen mit Auswertung wurden von H. Perk durchgeföhrt, der zugleich der för den Strahlenschutz Verantwortliche des Instituts im Sinne des § 20 der I. Strahlenschutzverordnung ist.     

Two-dimensional flow of a perfect conducting gas in crossed electric and magnetic fields

Reference [1, 2] give a solution of the problem of the two-dimen-, sional flow of an inviscid thermally-nonconducting gas with constant conductivity in a channel of constant cross section for particular forms of the given applied magnetic field. The present paper obtains a solution of the problem of the two-dimensional flow of a gas with variable conductivity in crossed electric and arbitrary magnetic fields by means of the small parameter method. The magnetic Reynolds number R_m and the magnetohydrodynamic interaction parameter S are chosen as parameters. The international system of units is employed.Notation V flow velocity - j electric current density - p pressure in the flow - E electric field strength - gas density - electrical conductivity of the gas - T gas temperature - ratio of specific heats at constant pressure and volume - L channel half-height - ] permeability (magnetic) - B magnetic induction vector - B₀ applied magnetic field