低碳醣的解吸化学电离(DCI)质谱

本文首次报道了一系列低碳醣以甲烷作反应气的正和负离子解吸化学电离质谱。考察和讨论了其质谱特征,碎裂规律和分子离子反应。指出负离子解吸化学电离质谱对鉴别低碳醣的分子离子可以提供十分有用的信息。     

血卟啉及其金属衍生物的化学电离质谱

本研究采用直接曝热技术，分别以氢气和甲烷为反应气，测定了１０个血卟啉衍生物和１３个金属血卟啉衍生物的正、负离子解吸化学电离质谱，探讨了各种化学电离质谱法在结构测定中的应用。     

第五.六族元素的有机化合物在有机合成中应用的研究XXXXI.一些新的含氟膦叶立德衍生物的质谱研究

前文已报道了一些含氟膦叶立德衍生物的电子轰击(EI)和化学电离正、负离子(PCI、NCI)质谱,着重对化学电离的正、负离子的断裂机理进行了研究.在CI正离子谱中[M+H]~+为基峰,而CI负离子谱中出现稳定的[M—C_6H_5]~-离子. 关于一般膦叶立德的EI质谱已有报道,在正离子谱中出现各种骨架重排离子.重排机理文献中也有详细讨论.本文继续报道一些新的含氟膦叶立德的EI质谱,它们的断裂机     

质谱参数改变对化合物负离子化学电离质谱行为的影响

负离子化学电离质谱中负离子的相对丰度随着离子源压力、电子能量和离子源温度等质谱参数的改变发生了明显的变化。负离子形成过程中共振电子俘获和裂解电子俘获之间的竞争与质谱参数有关,其中以离子源温度的影响最为显著。热电子的比例随着离子源压力增大而减小,随着电子能量增大而增大。低离子源温度有利于共振俘获形成分子负离子,而高离子源温度则有利于裂解电子俘获形成碎片负离子,特别是热力学稳定的负离子。     

负离子质谱技术鉴别二元取代苯位置异构体的研究

常规的电子电离质谱法常常不能用于鉴别有机化合物的同分异构体。本工作采用负离子电子电离(N-EI)和负离子化学电离(N-CI)质谱技术,对电子电离质谱图极为相似的二氯苯等十组二元取代苯位置异构体进行研究。并分别用Hammett方程和产物离子稳定性对两种方法的实验结果进行解释。     

有机化合物的负离子质谱(二)

四、天然产物的负离子化学电离质谱负离子化学电离(CI)质谱近几年发展迅速,并由于它的灵敏度较高而引起人们的重视。这一新技术可用于研究离子-分子反应和痕量有机物的定性定量分析。 Dougherty等~([16])用这一技术测定尿中残留的五氯苯酚.Hunt等~([17])报道,用氧作为反应气时,2,3,7,8-TCDD的检测量可达pg级。对各种氟取代的化合物,检测量可低于100 fg(10~(-13)g)~([18])。     

气相色谱-质谱法检测人血清样品中新型含氯阻燃剂德克隆

采用液液萃取,气相色谱-负离子化学电离质谱技术,建立了人体血清样品中新型含氯阻燃剂德克隆(DP)的分离分析方法.血清样品蛋白质变性后,采用液液萃取法提取脂肪,再采用浓H2SO4破坏法去除大部分脂肪,最后采用酸性硅胶柱进一步净化.净化后的样品经浓缩富集,采用气相色谱-负离子化学电离质谱仪测定样品中DP两种同分异构体的含量...     

液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱法分析人参中的人参皂甙

研究了用反相高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱(HPLC/APCI-MS)分析人参皂甙的方法。液相色谱采用乙腈-水流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用正负离子同时扫描并结合二级质谱进行定性,用选择反应离子模式(SRM)测定检测限。实验发现虽然人参皂甙是热不稳定物质,但在大气压化学电离质谱的高温汽化过程中仍能检测到很强的负离子分子离子峰,而且随着汽化温度的升高,人参皂甙的负离子分子离子峰的强度增加。该方法对人参皂甙Rb1和Rg1的检测限分别为1.2×10-13 g和3.0×10-14 g,并检测出白参中包括丙二酰人参皂甙在内的29种人参皂甙。该法灵敏度高,重复性好,结果准确,能有效地对药材提取物中的多种人参皂甙进行检测和结构分析。     

甲烷和二氯甲烷混合反应气体的负离子化学电离质谱研究

甲烷和二氯甲烷混合反应气体的负离子化学电离质谱,对多肽和核苷等极性有机化合物的分析能提供有关[M+Cl]-离子和分子结构的信息,并可减轻单纯使用二氯甲烷作反应气体时对灯丝的损害程度。本文研究了该方法的实验条件、分析结果和局限性。化学电离源质谱法,甲烷,二氯甲烷,寡肽。     

大气采样辉光放电质谱仪的设计与应用

针对某些弱极性类物质难以通过大气压离子源直接电离的问题,提出基于大气采样辉光放电电离方式实现弱极性物质在大气压下直接进样、电离和质谱分析的方法.通过在大气压接口-四极质谱仪的第一级真空中的离子透镜上施加交流高压产生放电,简化了辉光放电离子源的设计,能直接离子化大气压接口吸人的物质,离子在离子透镜的传输下进入四极杆质量分析器实现质谱分析.实验表明,本方法能电离电喷雾电离离子源和大气压化学电离离子源未能电离的弱极性物质——艾试剂,并且负离子工作模式比正离子工作模式的信号至少强40倍.     

Characterization of dielectric barrier electrospray ionization for mass spectrometric detection

A novel electrospray interface is presented which induces an electric field by dielectric polarization through a non-conductive barrier. Therefore, a square-wave high-voltage signal is applied. This technique allows mass spectrometric measurements in the positive as well as in the negative mass spectrometry mode without changing the polarity of the potential applied, and it decreases the risk of undesired discharges, induced by high electric currents. The applicability of this technique is demonstrated by mass spectrometric determination of reserpine.     

Fast atom bombardment mass spectra of involatile naphthalene sulphonic acids and sulphonate salts

Fast Atom Bombardment mass spectra of a range of involatile naphthalene sulphonic acids and sulphonates are presented. Excellent spectra are obtained for the mono-, di- and the previously unexamined trisulphonated compounds. The relative value of positive and negative ion spectra for the study of these species is discussed. The results are shown to be superior to those obtained by other mass spectrometric methods.     

Strategy for sequencing oligopeptides using positive and negative ion laser desorption fourier transform mass spectrometry

A laser desorption Fourier transform mass spectrometric (LD/FTMS) method that uses both positive and negative ion LD/FT mass spectra obtained with collision-activated dissociation has been developed for analysis of oligopeptides. The technique is demonstrated using the model compound gramicidin D, for which the correct sequence is derived using only LD/FTMS information. Different relationships between positive and negative ion spectra are found for linear and cyclic oligopeptides.     

On the mechanism of secondary ion formation from poly(methylmethacrylate) under static secondary ion mass spectrometry conditions

The negative ion spectrum of a relatively thick layer (± 0. 5 μm) of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) with M?_w = 1890 and its positive ion spectrum of a very thin layer (± 1. 0 nm) on silver measured with a time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometer are presented. From the negative ion spectrum it is concluded that formation of enolate anions from PMMA under static secondary ion mass spectrometric conditions is an important ion formation process. From fragmentation products of the polymer, detected as silver cationized species in the positive ion spectrum, more evidence was found of a fragmentation mechanism for PMMA under static secondary ion mass spectrometric conditions recently proposed in the literature. From the relation between the information obtained from the two types of spectra an extension of this mechanism is obtained. This mechanism implies scission of the polymer chain by the primary ion bombardment with subsequent formation of enolate anions from the newly formed polymer chain-ends.     

Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry of the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins

The branching ratios for the reaction pathways of 39 polychlorinate dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) under oxygen negative chemical ionization/atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometric conditions were measured. These results demonstrated that the PCDDs could be separated into 14 groups by this technique. These results were compared with those reported previously for 14 PCDDs using oxygen negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry.     

Mass spectrometric and tandem mass spectrometric behavior of nitrocatechol glucuronides: A comparison of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and electrospray ionization

The mass spectrometric (MS) and tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) behavior of six nitrocatechol-type glucuronides using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) was systematically studied, and the effect of operation parameters on the fragmentations are presented. The positive ion APCI- and ESI-MS spectra showed an intense protonated molecule and the respective negative ion spectra a deprotonated molecule with minimal fragmentation. The main fragment ions in the MS/MS spectra of the protonated and deprotonated molecules were [M + H - Glu]+ and [M - H - Glu]-, respectively, formed by the loss of the glucuronide moiety. The measured limits of detection indicated that ESI is a significantly more efficient ionization method than APCI in the negative and positive ion modes for the compounds studied. MS/MS was found to be less sensitive, but more reliable and simple than MS due to the absence of chemical noise.     

Laser-induced desorption of proteins

Laser-induced desorption mass spectrometry has been applied to a number of proteins in the mass range 5000-150,000 u. The beam from an excimer-laser-pumped dye-laser at 266 nm has been focused to a spot of about 50 microns in diameter with irradiances in the 10(7) W/cm2 region. A linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer has been used for mass spectrometric measurements, where positive and negative secondary ions of large proteins have been studied. The effect of different experimental parameters on the protein ion-signal intensities are discussed.     

Identification of mononitropyrenes and mononitrofluoranthenes in air particulate matter via fused silica gas,chromatography combined with negative ion atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry

This paper describes the use of high resolution capillary gas chromatography combined with negative ion atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (NIAPIMS) for the analysis of an air particulate extract for mononitropyrenes and mononitrofluoranthenes, some of which are powerful bacterial mutagens. The results are compared to those obtained by the electron impact mass spectrometric analysis of the same sample In addition, the NIAPIMS method confirmed the identification of 4-nitropyrene in the ambient air sample.     

Mass spectrometric characteristics of decabromodiphenyl ether and the application of isotopic dilution in the electron capture negative ionization mode for the analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers

The mass spectrometric properties of (12)C-and (13)C-labeled decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in the low-resolution mass spectrometry electron capture negative ionization mode (ECNI-MS) is described in detail and are compared with those of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) with a lower degree of bromination. The mass spectrometric properties of BDE-209 make it possible to apply (13)C-labeled BDE-209 as an internal surrogate standard for the determination of BDE-209 by isotopic dilution. A combination of the [Br](-) and [C(6)Br(5)O](-) fragment ions is proposed for the detection with ECNI-MS in the selected ion monitoring mode to increase selectivity, sensitivity and accuracy in the determination of decabromodiphenyl ether together with other polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The importance of optimizing the instrument parameters to obtain optimal response from the mass spectrometer in the analysis of PBDEs is discussed in detail.     

Mass spectrometry of natural products: VIII—Mass spectrometric studies of ring a saturated gibberellins

The fragmentation behaviour of gibberellin A₁ methyl ester and gibberellin C methyl ester has been studied by means of positive and negative ion mass spectrometry, high resolution techniques and metastable ion transitions. The results obtained allow a mass spectrometric distinction to be made between both structural types.