应力脉冲在SHPB实验中弥散效应的数值模拟与频谱分析

在评判不同材料的整形器对加载波形的改进效果的应用背景下,对比研究了不同形态的应力脉冲在霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB)中的弥散效应。利用有限元软件LS-DYNA建立了杆件的三维有限元模型,在杆端分别施加矩形、三角形和半正弦形的应力脉冲,分析了波形振荡、前沿升时和应力峰值随传播距离的变化规律,并运用频谱分析的方法进行了理论解释。结果表明:三角应力脉冲和半正弦应力脉冲在各个方面都比传统的矩形应力脉冲表现出了更小的弥散效应;半正弦应力脉冲在传播过程中比三角应力脉冲更能控制其形态,能有效地减少弥散效应,提高Φ100mm SHPB实验精度,是岩石类非均质材料的理想加载波形;频谱分析的方法能从理论方面有效地解释应力脉冲信号在SHPB实验中的弥散现象。由此可见,波形整形设计的理想目标为具有较宽历时的半正弦应力脉冲。     

高方平筛实验应力分析与结构和工艺的改进

本文是运用理论和实验应力分析方法，成功地解决了高方平筛断裂问题的一个实例。过去，由于有关厂家没有注意到惯性力矩对上、下框架和立柱的边角部的焊缝所造成的危害，在设计上和工艺上没有采取相应的措施，致使其早期疲劳断裂。经理论分析和实验应力测定后，从结构和工艺上采取相应的对策，从而克服了断裂问题。     

基于反应谱法的核级承压容器应力分析与评定

核级承压容器力学分析是核设备分析法设计的重要组成部分.核级承压起动空气瓶,作为核电站应急柴油机厂房中的重要设备,它的工作状况直接影响到应急柴油机厂房中柴油机的正常运行.本文对核级承压起动空气瓶进行自重、设计压力、安全阀设定压力下的静态分析、结构屈曲分析、模态分析及地震载荷下的反应谱动态分析,并对结构在各使用限制条件下的...     

肌肉类粘弹性超软材料SHPB实验的应力应变均匀性分析

试样的轴向应力和应变均匀问题是霍普金森杆实验行之有效的必要条件,而这对肌肉类粘弹性超软材料尤为重要.本文用量纲分析法,分析出了影响粘弹性材料SHPB实验应力和应变均匀性的无量纲量,结合LS-DYNA数值模拟方法,考察了各无量纲量对粘弹性材料均匀性的影响规律.结果表明,为使肌肉类材料SHPB实验更早达到均匀条件,理想的入...     

A finite element study of the deformations, forces, stress formations, and energy losses in sliding cylindrical contacts

This work presents the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) used to simulate two-dimensional (2D) sliding between two interfering elasto-plastic cylinders. The material for the cylinders is modeled as elastic-perfectly plastic and follows the von Mises yield criterion. The FEA provides trends in the deformations, reaction forces, stresses, and net energy losses as a function of the interference and sliding distance between the cylinders. Results are presented for both frictionless and frictional sliding and comparisons are drawn. The effects of plasticity and friction on energy loss during sliding are isolated. This work also presents empirical equations thatt relate the net energy loss due to sliding under an elasto-plastic deformation as a function of the sliding distance. Contour plots of the von Mises stresses are presented to show the formation and distribution of stresses with increasing plastic deformation as sliding progresses. This work shows that for the plastic loading cases the ratio of the horizontal force to the vertical reaction force is non-zero at the point where the cylinders are perfectly aligned about the vertical axis. In addition, a “load ratio” of the horizontal tugging force to the vertical reaction force is defined. Although this is analogous to the common definition of the coefficient of friction between sliding surfaces, it just contains the effect of energy loss in plasticity. The values of the contact half-width are obtained for different vertical interferences as sliding progresses.     

拉压性能不同材料全量型本构关系及厚壁筒的应力分析

将经典全量理论作了推广，考虑了应力状态及塑性体积变形对拉压性能不同材料的塑性行为的影响。应用该本构模型分别计算了厚壁筒在内压和外压作用下的应力分布。给出了径向应力、环向应力和轴向应力沿壁厚的分布图。将本文的计算解与拉压性能相同(不考虑体积变形、强化曲线唯一)的幂函数强化材料的厚壁筒的理论解进行了比较。结果表明，材料的拉压性能不同对厚壁筒的环向应力和轴向应力影响较大。因此，对于拉压性能不同材料，考虑到其对应力状态及塑性体积变形敏感时，是不能将其简化成拉压性能相同、体积不可压缩、强化曲线唯一的理想材料。     

2-D Simulation of Non-Isothermal Fate and Transport of a Drip-Applied Fumigant in Plastic-Mulched Soil Beds. II. Sensitivity Analysis and Model Application

Temperature dependence of selected parameters was defined and illustrated. The order of sensitivity among tested model parameters (sorption coefficient, K _D; diffusion coefficient, D _g; vapor pressure, P; degradation rate, k; Henry’s constant, H) was k > P > K _D > H > D _g for 1-day simulations and k > P and K _D > D _g > H for 2-day simulations. The most sensitive parameter for both days was k. Mass balance errors were calculated using NRMSE (normalized root mean square error) to evaluate the level of agreement. The numerical model was applied to predict fumigant movement in the soil bed.