Detection properties of an optical fiber probe for laser speckle velocimetry

Temporal power spectra of the speckle signal detected by a simple optical fiber probe are analyzed as a function of the laser spot size at a moving scatter plate, the velocity of the plate, the core diameter of the detecting fiber and the numerical aperture of it. The fiber probe is shown to be useful for velocity measurements of the moving scatter plate.     

Correlation spectroscopy measurements of particle size using an optical fiber probe

We propose measuring the size of particles suspended in a liquid by light beating spectroscopy of scattered light using an optical fiber probe inserted into a medium and consisting of three multimode optical fibers. One of them is used to transmit light, the other two — to transmit scattered light to a unit providing its spatial coherence and further to a photodetector. In very turbid media, the multiple-to-single light-scattering spectral line width ratio is determined by the ratio of line widths in two collecting optical fibers. Then the particle size is determined by the spectrum of multiple rather than single scattering.     

半椭球形和子弹头形光纤传感探头的耦合特性

利用光路追踪程序,对于不同光纤参数条件下半椭球形和子弹头形光纤传感探头的耦合特性进行了研究。研究结果表明：对于半椭球形探头,当长短轴之比在1.15和1.3附近时存在一个耦合最佳结构;而对于子弹头形探头,仅变成圆形时为最佳。这两种探头容易制作,半椭球形探头的耦合效率高于子弹头形。     

In vivo endoscopic optical coherence tomography by use of a rotational microelectromechanical system probe

A novel endoscopic optical coherence tomography probe was designed and constructed with a 1.9-mm microelectromechanical system (MEMS) motor. The new MEMS endoscopic probe design eliminates the need to couple the rotational energy from the proximal to the distal end of the probe. Furthermore, the endoscopic probe's sheath and fiber have the advantages of having a much smaller diameter and being more flexible than traditional endoscopes since no reinforcement is needed to couple the rotational torque. At the distal end, a prism mounted on a micromotor deflects the light rays to create a transverse circular-scanning pathway. Because our MEMS scanner does not require the coupling of a rotational single-mode fiber, a high scanning speed is possible while eliminating unstable optical signals caused by nonuniform coupling.     

Development of a micro-size dosimeter using an optical fiber probe based on photostimulable phosphorescence

We have developed a novel micro-size dosimeter using an optical fiber probe coupled with a photostimulable storage phosphor, such as BaFBr:Eu²⁺. Our micro-size dosimeter is based on the concept in which the radiation dose response is temporally compressed by using integrating-type dosimeter elements, such as a photostimulable storage phosphor, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved to downsize the dosimeter probe. We fabricate the prototype dosimeter probe which has the detectable volume of 100 μm thick and 400 μm diameter and the outer diameter of 900 μm. The lower limit of detectable dose, which is defined as three times the noise level, is evaluated to be 0.9 mGy. This value is much smaller than the typical irradiation dose (a few Gy per treatment) in the radiotherapy. We, therefore, conclude that the proposed micro-size dosimeter can be a promising candidate of in-vivo and on-line dose monitor in the radiotherapy.     

In vivo optical neural recording using fiber-based surface plasmon resonance

We propose an intrinsic optical method for in vivo neural recording using optic fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomena. The fiber-based SPR method is electrical artifact free, labeling free, and feasible for a portable system compared with conventional in vivo neural recording systems. We simultaneously detected SPR signals and electrical neural activity from the rat somatosensory cortex evoked by electrical stimulation on the forepaw. Pharmacological analysis using a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker confirmed the neural origins of the optical signals. This fiber-based SPR system promises the enhanced ability to record in vivo neural activity for the investigation of neurons and their networks.     

In vivo whole-body imaging of optical agent dynamics using full angle fluorescence diffuse optical tomography

Dynamic fluorescence diffuse optical tomography （FDOT） is important in drug deliver research. In this letter, we first image the metabolic processes of micelles indocyanine green throughout the whole body of a nude mouse using the full-angle FDOT system with line illumination （L-FDOT）. The resolution of L-FDOT is evaluated using phantom experiment. Next, in vivo dynamic tomographic images （100 frames; approximately 170 min） of mouse liver and abdomen are shown and cross-validated by planar fluorescence reflectance imaging in vitro. Results provide evidence on applicability of the tomographic image wholebody biological activities in vivo on minute timescale （approximately 1.7 min） using L-FDOT.     

Research of the planar optical fiber Bragg grating hydrophone probe

This paper presents the planar Fiber Bragg Grating （FBG） hydrophone probe sensing principle, and theoretically and experimentally researches the probe structure sensitivity, the receiving sensitivity frequency response characteristic and the acceleration response property. Planar sheet is made of stainless steel, its thickness is 0.15 mm, its diameter is 15mm, and the length of hollow circular shell is 20 mm. For this size of the structure, the probe structure sensitivity is up to 23 fm/Pa, which is about 7300 times of the value of the bare fiber. The resonance frequency is 6.5 kHz, and the amplitude-frequency curve of the receiving sensitivity response is relatively flat within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 5.5 kHz. The output yielded by one unit acceleration （1m/s2） is equivalent to （2.52 to 3.26 Pa） acoustic pressure acting output. This probe structure is easy to form FBG hydrophone array by multiplexing technique. The research shows that this planar structure not only can form FBG hydrophone probe, but also can constitute optical FBG laser hydrophone probe. The structure can realize different bandwidth, different range acoustic pressure measurement by adjusting the geometrical size of the sheet.     

一种平面型光纤光栅水听器探头技术的研究

阐述了一种平面薄板结构的平面型光纤Bragg光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating,缩写为FBG)水听器探头的工作原理,从理论和实验上分析研究了该探头的结构灵敏度、频率响应特性以及加速度响应特性。平面圆形薄板采用不锈钢,尺寸为:直径15 mm、厚度0.15 mm,探头为圆柱型,尺寸为:直径17 mm、长20 mm。对于该尺寸结构的FBG水听器,探头静态灵敏度可达23 fm/Pa,比裸光栅增敏7300倍;谐振频率为6.5 kHz,而且幅频特性在100 Hz~5.5 kHz频率范围内较为平坦;低频段加速度响应灵敏度为:58~75(fm·s^2/m),在1 m/s^2加速度作用下其输出等效(2.52~3.26 Pa)压力作用下的输出。该结构的探头也便于多路复用组成水听器阵列。该平面结构不仅可以组成光纤FBG水听器探头,同样可以组成光纤光栅激光水听器探头。对薄板的几何尺寸进行适当的调整,可实现不同量程、不同带宽的水声压力测量。     

Raman spectroscopy measurement of levofloxacin lactate in blood using an optical fiber nano‐probe

Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were time‐consuming and expensive as the main methods for the drug analysis at present, and the samples must be pretreated. The Raman spectroscopy measurement methods were fast and simple, so the Raman spectroscopy methods for the drug analysis were explored in this paper. An optical fiber nano‐probe coated with gold nanoparticles was fabricated and used with surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to measure levofloxacin lactate. The resulting SERS spectra of levofloxacin lactate in mouse blood that was detected by the optical fiber nano‐probe clearly showed the characteristic wave numbers of levofloxacin lactate, indicating that optical fiber nano‐probes can be used with spectral techniques to analyze drugs in vitro or potentially even in vivo. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

半椭球形和子弹头形光纤传感探头的耦合特性

 利用光路追踪程序，对于不同光纤参数条件下半椭球形和子弹头形光纤传感探头的耦合特性进行了研究。研究结果表明：对于半椭球形探头，当长短轴之比在1.15和1.3附近时存在一个耦合最佳结构；而对于子弹头形探头，仅变成圆形时为最佳。这两种探头容易制作，半椭球形探头的耦合效率高于子弹头形。     

Determination of myocardial ischemia and degree of reperfusion based on optical coherence tomography

The feasibility of applying optical coherence tomography (OCT) in determining the degree of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is assessed. The left anterior descending coronary artery of 90 Sprague-Dawley rats are ligated and reperfused at different times. The total attenuation coefficient obtained from the OCT images in the experimental group keeps increasing with reperfusion time and highly correlates with the histopathological characteristics (P < 0.01). We present evidence proving the feasibility of using OCT for evaluating myocardial ischemia reperfusion.     

In vivo imaging of mice auricle vessels using adaptive optical confocal fluorescence microscope

Facilitated with stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD) algorithm for wavefront sensorless correcting aberrations, an adaptive optics(AO) confocal fluorescence microscopy is developed and used to record fluorescent signals in vivo. Vessels of mice auricle at 80, 100 and 120 μm depth are obtained, and image contrast and fluorescence intensity are significantly improved with AO correction. The typical 10%–90% rise-time of the metric value measured is 5.0 s for a measured close-loop bandwidth of 0.2 Hz. Therefore, the AO confocal microscopy implemented with SPGD algorithm for robust AO corrections will be a powerful tool for study of vascular dynamics in future.     

Linear and nonlinear optical properties of carbon nanotube-coated single-mode optical fiber gratings

Single-wall carbon nanotube deposition on the cladding of optical fibers has been carried out to fabricate an all-fiber nonlinear device. Two different nanotube deposition techniques were studied. The first consisted of repeatedly immersing the optical fiber into a nanotube supension, increasing the thickness of the coating in each step. The second deposition involved wrapping a thin film of nanotubes around the optical fiber. For both cases, interaction of transmitted light through the fiber core with the external coating was assisted by the cladding mode resonances of a tilted fiber Bragg grating. Ultrafast nonlinear effects of the nanotube-coated fiber were measured by means of a pump-probe pulses experiment.     

Spatially resolved plasma emission and absorption coefficientmeasurements by an optical fiber probe

The plasma emission and absorption coefficients were measured by means of two different techniques using an optical fiber probe in a parallel-plate RF glow discharges. The first technique can, in principle, provide three-dimensional resolution with the movement of the probe, while the second technique provides only a line-average measurement. The results of two different measurement methods and the practical limitations of the techniques are discussed     

A non-contact single optical fiber multi-optical tweezers probe: Design and fabrication

Optical tweezers have developed into a versatile and widely used tool; compared with the traditional optical tweezers, optical traps built with a single optical fiber provide a more flexible solution towards compact, integrated multiple traps. But the single optical tweezers have their own short comings—the manipulation working on the micro-particles is not non-contact, because of the fabrication method of the optical fiber probe. However we propose new single fiber multi-optical tweezers which are simple, low-cost and can manipulate micro-particles in a non-contact manner and non-invasively.     

分布式光纤中的稳健时间延迟估计方法

在分布式光纤传感系统定位中,传统时延估计算法常由于噪声相关性较强而失效。采用一种削弱相关噪声的改进型广义相关法,并针对系统特点,为进一步改善分布式光纤传感定位的准确度与稳定度,提出了一种先对数据按事件信号进行分帧,再采用卡尔曼滤波器对分帧时延估计结果进行跟踪的时延估计方案。系统仿真实验与实际数据测试结果均表明:提出的时延估计方案能够有效抑制强相关性的噪声,提高时延估计的准确度与稳定度。经大量现场测试,本文的方案能够有效地将时延估计误差稳定地控制在0.2个采样间隔以内,能够满足系统实际定位精度要求。     

新型AFM探针的制备及应用

采用熔拉 -腐蚀复合方法 ,将普通单模石英光纤制成直锥形光纤探针。利用自制工具将探针打弯 ,制成悬臂式光纤探针 ,在AFM上取得了较理想的测试结果。将自制光纤探针和商用硅材料探针获得的两种扫描图像进行了对比 ,分析了悬臂式光纤探针的特点     

In vivo non-mechanical scanning grating-generated optical coherence tomography using an InGaAs digital camera

We demonstrated in vivo cross-sectional imaging of human fingers by non-mechanical scanning optical coherence tomography (OCT), using a diffracted light as the reference beam and a linear illumination beam at a center wavelength of 1.3 μm for deeper penetration into biological tissues. By applying the three-step phase-shifting method, our system can measure OCT images at 10 frames/s with a sensitivity of 90 dB for a 2.45 × 4.80 mm (axial × lateral) measurement range using an InGaAs digital camera (320 × 256 pixels).