含呋喃环膦酸酯衍生物的合成及除草活性

以亚磷酸二乙酯和糠醛为原料,三乙胺做催化剂,经加成反应制得α-羟基膦酸酯,再经酯化反应制得8个含呋喃环新型膦酸酯衍生物Ⅱ,采用~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、~(31)P NMR、MS、IR以及元素分析对其进行了结构表征,并评价了除草活性和杀草谱。大部分目标化合物在150 g ai/ha剂量下对苘麻(Abutilon theophrasti)、反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus)和鳢肠(Eclipta prostrata)具有70～100%抑制活性。扩大杀草谱测试结果表明,化合物Ⅱ-1和Ⅱ-2在150 g ai/ha剂量下对部分杂草具有显著的抑制活性,与对照药剂草甘膦相当。     

新型噻唑烷二酮衍生物的合成及其抑制酪氨酸酶活性研究

以噻唑烷二酮和取代芳香醛为原料,通过缩合反应合成了一系列新型噻唑烷二酮衍生物（1~11）,其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、 IR、 MS（ESI）和元素分析表征,并考察了1~11对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性。结果表明：所有化合物都具有一定的酪氨酸酶抑制活性,部分化合物对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性强于阳性对照曲酸。初步构效关系分析表明：5-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯亚甲基)-2,4-噻唑烷二酮(8)抑制效果最强(IC₅₀=0.12±0.03μM)。选择化合物8进行了抑制动力学和分子对接研究。结果表明：化合物8为竞争性抑制剂,其抑制常数K_i为0.54 μM; 8能够和酪氨酸酶铜离子活性中心相互作用,从而抑制酪氨酸酶活性。      

新型酞嗪酮-5-甲酰胺衍生物的合成及其抗癌活性

以糠醛为原料，依次与偏二甲基肼发生成腙反应、与马来酸酐发生D-A反应、芳环化、水解及与肼和取代苯肼反应得到呔嗪酮-5-羧酸，随后经酰胺化反应合成了17个新型的呔嗪酮-5-甲酰胺衍生物(6a~6g和9a~9j)，总收率21%~27%，其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR及HR-MS(ESI)表征。采用MTT法考察了化合物对人胰腺癌细胞(Capan 1)、人结直肠腺癌细胞(SW620)、人结肠癌细胞(HCT116)和人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)的增殖抑制活性。结果表明：化合物9j对Capan-1细胞的增殖具有良好的抑制活性，IC₅₀为6.65 μM。     

N-(2-氟-4-氯-5-取代苯基)异吲哚-1,3-二酮衍生物的合成及除草活性

为了发现新的农药先导化合物,以氯酰亚酞和苯氧羧酸酯结构为基础,通过活性亚结构拼接方法,设计合成了一系列新型的N-(2-氟-4氯-5-取代苯基)异吲哚-1,3-二酮衍生物6a~6f和7a~7k.目标化合物以2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯酚为原料,经4步反应制得,其结构经过1H NMR,13C NMR,HRMS确证.初步生物活性测试结果表明,大部分化合物在1500 g/ha剂量下,对双子叶杂草苘麻、反枝苋具有优异的芽前芽后除草活性.进一步活性筛选发现,化合物6d在750g/ha剂量下对苘麻、反枝苋具有100%抑制活性,化合物7a,7i在22.5 g/ha剂量下对苘麻的芽后抑制率大于80%,远高于对照药剂三氟羧草醚.     

新型螺[二氢呋喃-2,3'-氧化吲哚]衍生物的合成及其对巨噬细胞RAW264.7的抑制作用

以20 mol%Et₃N作为催化剂,3-羟基氧化吲哚与β-芳基丙烯二腈为原料,经Michael加成/环化串联反应合成了13个新型螺[二氢呋喃-2,3′-氧化吲哚]衍生物(3a～3m),分离收率51%～99%, dr值1:1～4:1,产物结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI-TOF)表征。考察了化合物对LPS激活巨噬细胞RAW264.7的抑制作用。结果表明：化合物3g的细胞抑制活性最强(IC₅₀: 18.59 μM),化合物3d对炎症因子NO释放的抑制活性最强(IC₅₀: 50.87 μM)。     

新型苯丙氨酸三肽衍生物的合成及其抗乙肝病毒活性

以具有抗HBV活性的苯丙氨酸二肽化合物马蹄金素(MTS)为先导化合物,设计并合成了23个新型的苯丙氨酸三肽衍生物（4a~4h, 5, 6a, 6b和8a~8k）,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)表征。采用HepG2 2.2.15细胞为乙肝病毒载体,评价了目标化合物的抗HBV活性。结果表明：化合物5（IC₅₀=2.98 μM）、 6b（IC₅₀=0.62 μM）和8k（IC₅₀=5.07 μM）对HBV DNA复制的抑制活性优于MTS（IC₅₀=11.16 μM）。     

4H-3,1-苯并噁嗪-4-酮衍生物的合成及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

为了探索高效低毒的新型α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂,设计并合成了一系列4H-3,1-苯并噁嗪-4-酮衍生物,其结构经过¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HRMS鉴定。体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性测定结果表明,化合物3a、4a、5a和4j的IC₅₀值分别为68.3、76.1、99.3和51.9μmol/L,明显优于阳性对照阿卡波糖(IC₅₀=421.7μmol/L)。此外,分子对接研究结果表明化合物3a和4j与α-葡萄糖苷酶存在较强的亲和力。     

新型二氢色原酮拼接多环吡咯螺环氧化吲哚类化合物的 无催化剂合成及其抗白血病活性

以取代的3-羧酸活化色酮、靛红与消旋脯氨酸为原料，乙腈为溶剂，依次经1,3-偶极子[3+2]环加成和脱羧反应，合成了8个新型的二氢色原酮拼接多环吡咯螺环氧化吲哚类化合物 (3a~3h)，产率68%~87%, dr值15/1~20/1,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI-TOF）表征。采用MTT法研究了3a~3h对人白血病细胞(K562)的体外抑制活性。结果表明：化合物3d,3f, 3g对K562具有一定的抑制活性(IC₅₀=46.3~69.4 μmol·L^-1)。     

新型喹唑啉衍生物的设计、合成及体外抗肿瘤活性

为了寻找高效、毒性小的抗肿瘤药物,设计并合成了一系列新型的喹唑啉衍生物,其结构经¹H NMR、 ¹³C NMR、 IR、 MS（ESI）和元素分析表征。采用细胞增殖抑制实验法（MTT法）测定了化合物3a～10c对人盲肠腺癌细胞（HCT-8）、人肝癌细胞（HepG2）、人肺癌细胞（A549） 和人高转移性肝癌细胞（MHCC-97H）的体外抑制活性。结果表明：4-位为氨基苯甲基丙二酸二甲酯时（3a~6c）,化合物的肿瘤抑制作用比其相应水解产物（7a~10c）更强;氨基在苯甲基丙二酸二甲酯间位时,抑制活性明显优于对位取代。其中,5c对HCT-8、 A549及MHCC-97H的抑制活性较显著,IC₅₀值分别为13.613 μmol/L, 13.578 μmol/L和25.804 μmol/L。      

5-苄基-4-叔丁基-2-芳氨基噻唑氢溴酸盐的合成、表征及抗肿瘤活性

以芳香胺和4,4-二甲基-1-芳基-2-溴戊-3-酮为原料, 设计合成了29种新的5-苄基-4-叔丁基-2-芳氨基噻唑氢溴酸盐化合物; 其结构经¹H NMR和元素分析等确证. 体外抗肿瘤活性测试结果表明, 化合物A4, A5, A12和A29对人非小细胞肺癌细胞A549的IC₅₀值分别为0.016, 0.019, 0.019和0.026 μmol/mL, 与阳性对照物紫杉醇(IC₅₀值为0.022 μmol/mL)相当; 化合物A5, A7, A13, A14和A19对肝癌细胞Bel7402的IC₅₀值分别为0.021, 0.021, 0.026, 0.014和0.029 μmol/mL, 与阳性对照物紫杉醇的IC₅₀值(0.030 μmol/mL)相近. 利用倒置显微镜和Hoechst33342-PI双染色法观察了细胞经化合物处理后的形态变化.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.