维生素B2的NMR含量测定

建立了维生素B2片剂中维生素B2含量的核磁共振测定方法。核磁共振的测定条件:脉冲程序为cpmgpr1d,氢谱宽度为6 009 Hz,脉冲宽度为11.95μs,延迟时间为6.50μs,采样温度为27℃,采样次数为32次。以参比物质3-(三甲基硅基)氘代丙酸钠(TSP)为内标,将不同浓度标准品与内标的NMR峰面积比对维生素B2浓度绘制标准曲线,结果显示,维生素B2在1.25~10 mg/mL范围内呈良好线性,其线性方程为:y=2.989 4 x+0.185 5,r2=0.999 2。方法的加标回收率为83.2%。该方法灵敏度高、重现性好、操作简便,可用于维生素B2片剂中维生素B2含量的测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定功能饮料中六种B族维生素

提出了反相高效液相色谱法同时测定功能饮料中6种B族维生素,维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酸、烟酰胺和泛酸的方法。对色谱分离条件做了试验并予以优化。以KromasilC18色谱柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分离柱,用甲醇(A)和0.3%(体积分数)三乙胺溶液(B)(磷酸调节pH至3.5)以不同比例混合进行梯度淋洗,选择在200 nm波长处测定泛酸,在270 nm波长处测定其他5种B族维生素。6种B族维生素的质量浓度在0.5~100 mg.L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系。标准加入回收率在97.8%~106.2%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.5%~2.3%之间。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定扁桃仁中的水溶性维生素C,B1,B2和B6

建立了用高效液相色谱同时测定扁桃仁中4种水溶性维生素C,B1,B2和B6的方法。以酸水解法处理样品,在Inertsil ODS-3柱(25 cm×4.6 mm i.d., 5.0 μm)上,以0.05 mol/L KH2PO4 (pH 6.0)-甲醇(体积比为70∶30)为流动相进行等度洗脱,检测波长265 nm条件下,对陕西蒲城扁桃仁中的水溶性维生素C,B1,B2和B6的含量进行了同时测定。4种水溶性维生素在其质量浓度为5.0~50 mg/L时线性良好(r=0.9990~0.9997);添加水平为5.0~20.0 mg/kg时,平均回收率为91.77%～99.30%,相对标准偏差(n=3)为0.31%～1.98%。测得陕西蒲城产扁桃仁中维生素B2的含量为4.27～4.53 mg/kg,维生素B1的含量为0.799～0.838 mg/kg,未检出维生素C和维生素B6。该法简便、快速,准确性和重现性均较好,对果仁中水溶性维生素的测定具有一定的参考价值。     

离子对反相高效液相色谱法同时测定复合维生素片中4种水溶性维生素

采用离子对反相高效液相色谱法同时测定了复合维生素片中烟酰胺、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6等4种水溶性维生素的含量。样品经水溶解、过滤后,以Hypersil C18化学键合硅胶为固定相,以甲醇-0.5%(体积分数)醋酸水溶液(含2.5 mmol/L己磺酸钠,pH 2.8)(体积比为18∶82)为流动相,等度洗脱,紫外检测器于280 nm波长下检测。当烟酰胺、维生素B1、维生素B2和维生素B6的质量浓度分别在25450 mg/L,590 mg/L,2.590 mg/L,595 mg/L时,其峰面积与质量浓度的线性关系良好;日内测定平均相对标准偏差(n=7)分别为1.0%,2.2%,1.8%和1.3%;日间测定相对标准偏差(n=5)分别为1.5%,3.6%,2.4%和1.7%。该方法已成功应用于复合维生素片中4种水溶性维生素的同时测定。     

液相色谱法测定多元维生素片中4种水溶性维生素

采用高效液相色谱法测定多元维生素片中盐酸硫胺(B1)、核黄素(B2)、泛酸钙(B5)、盐酸吡哆醇(B6)的含量。重点考察了提取条件对于维生素测定的影响,4种维生素在确定的浓度范围内分别与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r2≥0.9999,加标回收率为99.2%～101.4%。4种维生素的检出限分别为0.30、0.19、0.45、0.11μg/g(S/N10)。该方法可作为实际测试标准方法使用。     

RP-HPLC法测定SO_2处理前后新疆无核葡萄干中的B族维生素

建立了高效液相色谱同时测定SO_2处理前后无核葡萄干中4种B族维生素(V_(B1),V_(B2),V_(B3)和V_(B6))的分析方法。考察了流动相组成、p H值及梯度洗脱程序对分离效果的影响。最终采用pH 4.4缓冲溶液和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,4种B族水溶性维生素的线性范围为0.1~20 mg/L,r20.999,检出限为0.013~0.064 mg/L,方法的平均回收率为83.0%~101.4%,相对标准偏差为0.6%~4.8%。同时利用该法对SO_2处理前后无核葡萄干中4种维生素含量的影响进行研究。结果表明,空白无核葡萄干中V_(B6)的含量最大,V_(B1)含量较低;但SO_2处理对葡萄干中V_(B1)的含量影响最大,其它3种B族维生素的含量变化不大。该方法简便,快速,准确性和重现性均较好,可用于葡萄干中B族维生素的测定。     

HPLC法检测丁二酸发酵液中的有机酸和水溶性维生素

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时检测丁二酸发酵液中的有机酸和水溶性维生素。以RP-HPLC为分离模式,选用Hedera ODS-2色谱柱(5μm,4.6×250 mm),20 mmol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH2.9)和乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为210 nm,建立了同时测定分析8种水溶性维生素和3种有机酸的方法,15 min内所有组分都洗脱完全。8种水溶性维生素和3种有机酸在线性范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9989~0.9997;加标回收率在92.5%~100.3%之间;RSD(n=5):0.9%~1.9%。本方法采用同一种流动相既可以测定发酵液中的有机酸又可以测定水溶性维生素的含量。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定配合饲料中维生素B_1和维生素B_2

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定配合饲料中维生素B1和维生素B2。样品经20mmol·L-1甲酸铵溶液提取后,采用Tigerkin C8色谱柱分离,以甲醇-20mmol·L-1甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源-选择多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。维生素B1和维生素B2的质量分数在20.0~500μg·kg-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)均为50μg·kg-1。对虾饲料进行加标回收试验,回收率在88.0%~120%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.90%~2.7%。方法已应用于市售配合饲料中维生素B1和维生素B2的测定。     

QuEChERS提取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定腐败人血中3种钩吻生物碱

为同时测定腐败血液中钩吻生物碱(钩吻素子、钩吻素甲和钩吻素己等3种),应用QuEChERS前处理方法提取上述3种分析物,并用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行测定。取血样1.00mL,加入乙腈2mL和NaCl 50mg,涡旋振荡提取20s,继续振荡10min后,以8 000r·min~(-1)转速离心10min。取上清液,加入十八烷基硅烷(C_(18))20mg作为吸附剂,按上述相同方法振荡并离心,进行基质分散固相提取。取上清液按仪器工作条件进行分析。在色谱分离中,应用ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱为固定相和不同比例的(A)乙腈和(B)含φ0.1%甲酸的5mmol·L~(-1)甲酸铵溶液的混合溶液为流动相进行梯度淋洗,达到上述3种钩吻生物碱的良好分离。质谱测定中选择电喷雾正离子源和多反应监测模式。3种钩吻生物碱的质量浓度在一定范围内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.005～0.1μg·L~(-1)之间。在空白血样的基础上加入上述3种钩吻生物碱的混合标准溶液,并按上述方法测定求得其回收率在90.5%～110%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.1%～5.1%。     

示波极谱法测定保健食品中维生素B1

在pH 5.0的柠檬酸盐缓冲溶液及0.15 mol·L-1KCl底液中,维生素B1在-1.40 V处出现灵敏的极谱波,据此提出了测定保健食品中维生素B1的快速而灵敏的示波极谱法.在pH4.7～5.2的范围内,可得到对称的二阶导数峰.峰电流(ip)与维生素B1浓度在0.1～8.0 mg·L-1间呈线性关系,其检出限为0.078 mg·L,连续测定6天,每天测定6次,对方法的精密度作了检验,所得结果的日内RSD值小于4.78%,日间RSD值为5.76%,回收率的测得值在92.0%及107.2%之间,对五种保健食品,用此法及国家标准法分别测定,所得分析结果用t-检验法进行检验,表明相互间无显著差异(t=1.76,P＞0.05).     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.