凝胶净化液相色谱法同时检测染红食品中对位红和苏丹红染料

研究了采用凝胶色谱法净化,HPLC-DAD同时快速测定食品中对位红和苏丹红Ⅰ-Ⅳ号染料的方法。样品经环已烷/乙酸乙酯(1+1)萃取,Bio-Beads SX3凝胶层析柱净化去除油脂、天然色素等大分子干扰物质。采用Zorbax SB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-乙酸水溶液(pH 4.0)为流动相梯度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器多波长同时检测染红食品中对位红和苏丹红Ⅰ-Ⅳ号染料。在0.1~10.0 mg.L-1浓度范围内,方法具有良好的线性关系(r>0.999),样品的平均回收率为88.6%~99.2%,相对标准偏差为1.35%~3.57%,对位红和苏丹红Ⅰ-Ⅳ的检出限分别为1.8,5.0,9.5,8.0,6.5μg.kg-1。     

应用凝胶色谱与固相萃取净化技术检测食品中6种禁用染料

建立了固相萃取净化和凝胶色谱净化两种前处理方法,应用高效液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定了食品中苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅳ,对位红、罗丹明B 6种禁用染料。根据不同的净化技术,分别选用甲醇和乙酸乙酯-环己烷(1:1,V:V)作为提取溶剂,利用C8色谱柱(1.8μm,3.0×100 mm)分离,电喷雾串联四极杆质谱ESI源,在多反应监测模式下对6种禁用染料进行检测。用相萃取净化方法苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ和对位红的检出限为0.005 mg/kg,罗丹明B的检出限为0.002 mg/kg;疑胶色谱净化方法苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ和对位红的检出限为0.010 mg/kg,罗丹明B的检出限为0.005 mg/kg。通过比较两种净化方法在检测复杂基质中的实际应用,固相萃取净化法在去除大分子物质、天然色素方面的效果好于凝胶色谱净化法。     

GC-MS/SIM法同时测定食品中的苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ

采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)选择离子检测法(SIM),建立了准确可靠、灵敏度高、快速简便的同时测定食品中苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ的新方法。色谱柱为PR-SR石英毛细管柱(20m×0.25mm),进样口温度280℃,柱温200℃,以15℃/min升至280℃;柱前压130kPa,载气He;EI离子源,选择m/z77,105,115,143,176,247,248,261,352,380用于SIM检测,并按不同的采样时间分成4组,每组4个离子,分别对应于每种苏丹红进行定性分析确证;选择苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ各自的分子离子峰m/z248,276,352,380作抽出离子图进行定量分析。苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ的线性范围为0.01~10.0mg/L,苏丹红Ⅲ、Ⅳ的线性范围为0.1~10.0mg/L;检出限苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ为1μg/kg,苏丹红Ⅲ为5μg/kg,苏丹红Ⅳ为10μg/kg;回收率86%~95%。本法与欧洲健康与消费者保护委员会的方法(HPLC法)相比灵敏度高1~2个数量级,分析时间缩短,用色谱保留时间、质谱同时定性,消除了食品中杂质的干扰,结果准确可靠,选择性和重复性好,适用于所有食品成品及原料的检验。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱化学发光法测定食品中微量苏丹红染料

以C18固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化样品,富集苏丹红,并基于苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ对鲁米诺-KIO4体系发光强度的增敏作用,建立了同时测定苏丹红染料的新方法。实验采用Pursuit C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,i.d.,5μm),以乙腈-水体系为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在0.001~0.50μg/mL范围内,苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ的浓度与发光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数在0.9981以上,苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ的检出限分别为0.3、0.2、0.3、0.2ng/mL,加标回收率在90.0%~96.7%之间。该方法能有效地去除基质干扰,具有简单、快速、灵敏的特点,适用于苏丹红染料的分析检测。     

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定禽蛋中4种苏丹红染料残留量

建立了禽蛋及其制品中4种苏丹红染料(苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅳ)残留量的固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。样品经正己烷超声提取,上清液经苏丹红专用SPE柱净化,采用Waters CORTECSTMUPLCC18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)柱以5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液-0.2%甲酸和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱分离,电喷雾电离(ESI)正离子多反应监测模式(MRM)进行测定,内标法定量。结果表明,苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ在0.5~20μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999;在低、中、高3个加标水平的平均回收率为80.0%~104.2%,相对标准偏差为4.2%~10.9%。方法的检出限(LOD)为0.26~0.35μg/kg,定量下限(LOQ)为0.9~1.2μg/kg。该方法操作简便、准确、快速、灵敏,可用于禽蛋和蛋制品中苏丹红染料的检测分析。     

凝胶渗透色谱-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定烟草中3种抑芽剂残留

建立了用凝胶渗透色谱净化-液相色谱-串联质谱分析烟草中3种抑芽剂残留的方法。卷烟中的待测抑芽剂组分用V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(环己烷)=1∶1超声提取后通过凝胶渗透色谱净化;凝胶色谱柱为Biobeads S-X3玻璃柱(50 g,400 mm×25 mm),流动相为V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(环己烷)=1∶1溶液,流速5 mL/min;收集第10~25 min流出的液体用液相色谱色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱仪测定。在0.5~100 ng/mL的质量浓度范围内,各种抑芽剂标准溶液的线性相关系数均大于0.99。在样品中添加3种抑芽剂(添加水平为5,20,100μg/kg)的混合标准溶液,平均回收率在86.2%~108.4%之间,3种抑芽剂的RSD在1.1%~7.5%之间;方法的检测限在0.01~0.06μg/kg之间。     

红腐乳及含油着色食品中苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ的高效液相色谱法测定

建立了凝胶色谱净化、高效液相色谱检测红腐乳等含油及着色食品中苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ的方法.用V(正己烷或乙酸乙酯):V(环己烷)=1:1提取检测食品中的苏丹红,经凝胶色谱(GPC)去除样品中分子量较大的油脂和天然色素等干扰物后,用HPLC-DAD检测.该方法在浓度0.1～20mg/L有良好的线性关系,苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ的相关系数分别为0.9999,0.9999,0.9981,0.9900;回收率在70%～96%;检出低限为7.8μg/kg.     

基质固相分散-超快速液相色谱测定山楂片中的4种苏丹红染料

采用基质固相分散-超快速液相色谱法测定了山楂片中的苏丹红染料,基质固相分散萃取的最佳条件为:0.45 g硅胶分散剂,6 mL乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂,样品与分散剂质量比为1∶3。乙腈-水为流动相,流速:0.3 mL/min,进样量:10μL,柱温:30℃,梯度洗脱,4种苏丹红化合物回收率在86.1%~108.3%之间;RSD在2.3%~9.8%之间。测定苏丹红的线性范围为0.01~2.5 mg/kg(苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ),0.025~2.5 mg/kg(苏丹红Ⅳ),检出限为4.2~8.9μg/kg,检出限优于国标方法,可满足实际样品分析的要求。     

凝胶净化/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测辣椒制品及肉制品中多种脂溶性着色剂

建立了凝胶渗透色谱净化/高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定辣椒制品和肉制品中苏丹橙G、甲基黄、对位红,柑桔红2号,苏丹红G,苏丹Ⅰ,苏丹Ⅱ,苏丹Ⅲ,苏丹红7B,苏丹红B和苏丹Ⅳ的分析方法。样品经乙酸乙酯或乙腈-乙酸乙酯溶液提取后采用凝胶渗透色谱净化,通过ACQUITY HPLC BEH C18色谱柱以体积分数0.1%甲酸-体积分数0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液作流动相梯度洗脱分离,采用多反应监测模式进行检测。目标分析物使用同位素内标苏丹Ⅰ-D5和苏丹Ⅳ-D6定量,11种待测物质量浓度在10~500 ng/mL范围呈良好线性关系,相关系数大于0.99,方法的定量下限均达到5μg/kg。空白样品在5,10,20μg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为80.7%~100.9%,相对标准偏差(n=10)均小于10%。     

凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱/串联质谱分析蘑菇中的36种农药残留

建立了用凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱/串联质谱分析蘑菇中36种农药残留的方法。蘑菇中的待测农药组分在30 ℃条件下用乙酸乙酯提取,高速匀浆后通过凝胶渗透色谱净化;选用填料为中性多孔的聚苯乙烯二乙烯基苯微球体的S-X3玻璃柱(22 g,19 cm×2 cm)作为凝胶渗透色谱净化柱,流动相为乙酸乙酯-环己烷(体积比为1∶1)溶液,流速5 mL/min;收集第7~15 min流出的液体用气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱仪测定。在0.01~1.0 mg/L的质量浓度范围内,各种农药标准溶液的线性相关系数均大于0.99。在样品中添加36种农药(添加水平为0.01,0.05,0.10 mg/kg)的混合标准溶液,平均回收率为72.6%~117.1%,相对标准偏差为2.0%~10.8%(n=5),最低检出限为 0.1~0.7 μg/kg,最低定量限为 0.2~2 μg/kg。     

凝胶渗透色谱净化-高效液相色谱法测定鱼肉中的5种激素类药物残留

建立了凝胶渗透色谱净化-高效液相色谱法测定鱼肉中己烯雌酚、雌二醇、炔雌醇、炔诺酮、炔诺孕酮5种激素类药物残留的方法。样品用乙酸乙酯-甲醇(8:2, v/v)溶液提取,提取液经Pharmadex LH-20凝胶柱(450 mm×15 mm)净化,并用甲醇-乙酸乙酯-乙酸(800:200:2, v/v/v)溶液洗脱。采用Agilent TC-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)分离净化后的样品,用乙腈-水(45:55, v/v)溶液洗脱,流速为1.2 mL/min,双检测波长为245 nm和222 nm。5种激素类药物在0.05～2.5 mg/L范围内有良好的线性关系(r ＞0.999),检出限为10～24 μg/kg,平均加标回收率为60.1%～89.0%,相对标准偏差为2.0%～7.4%。该方法快速、简单,可应用于鱼肉中激素类药物残留量的检测。     

蛋品中苏丹红残留的液相色谱串联质谱测定法研究

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定了蛋品中苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ号染料的残留。制样后,装柱,应用基质固相分散技术,用氯仿、乙腈混合溶液（体积比为90：10）淋洗,浓缩定容后经ZORBAX SB-C18柱分离,采用电喷雾正离子,多反应监控（MRM）模式检测。外标曲线定量,苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ的线性范围分别为0.5～100ng/g,5.0～100ng/g,1.0～100ng/g和2.0～100ng/g,线性方程的相关系数都大于0.99,添加样品回收率在87.3～113％之间,相对标准偏差均小于9.1％。针对四种苏丹红染料,该方法的检测低限分别可达0.1μg/kg,2.0μg/kg,0.2μg/kg,0.4μg/kg,可以满足国内外蛋品中苏丹红监控要求。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定咸鸭蛋黄中的斑蝥黄和苏丹红

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定了咸鸭蛋黄中的斑蝥黄和苏丹红。以乙腈-甲醇-氯仿(体积比为1∶0.5∶0.5)混合溶液提取咸鸭蛋黄中的斑蝥黄和苏丹红。提取液经减压蒸馏至近干,用乙腈定容。以乙腈-水(体积比为95∶5)为流动相,经XDB-Ｃ18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm)分离,采用478 nm～520 nm~471 nm三段变波长检测,获得了较好的分离效果和较低的检测限。将该法用于咸鸭蛋黄中斑蝥黄和苏丹红的测定,苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ和斑蝥黄的回收率分别为97.34%,89.56%,90.98%,93.63%和95.15%;相对标准偏差分别为2.7%,4.3%,5.1%,4.9%和3.1%。该法简便、快速、准确。     

Fast cleanup method for the analysis of Sudan I-IV and para red in various foods and paprika color (oleoresin) by high-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detection: focus on removal of fat and oil as fatty acid methyl esters prepared by transesterification of acylglycerols

A fast and effective cleanup method was developed for the analysis of Sudan I, II, III, IV, and Para Red (Sudan dyes) in various foods and paprika color (oleoresin) by high-performance liquid chromatography (LC) with a diode array detector (DAD). Removal of fat or oil in fatty sample was a critical point for reducing the volume of the final sample solution in order to obtain a sufficient level of the analytes. Separation of fat or oil from the dyes with a silica gel solid-phase extraction (SPE) column seemed unfeasible, because elution profiles of oil, fat, and the dyes were similar. Finally, fat and oil were separated from the dyes by elution from the SPE column with n-hexane, not as intact compounds but as fatty acid methyl esters prepared by direct transesterification of acylglycerols in fat and oil, leaving the dyes on the column. The dyes were eluted with n-hexane-diethyl ether (9 + 1). Gradient elution with water and tetrahydrofuran was used for separation on a C18 column by LC. Measurement of spectral of 0.5 microg/g of Sudan dyes in foods and 1 microg/g in paprika color (oleoresin) with the DAD was achieved.     

腐殖酸键合硅胶固相萃取-液相色谱法测定辣椒粉及辣椒油中的苏丹红

以腐殖酸键合硅胶作为固相萃取介质,建立了固相萃取柱净化、高效液相色谱同时     

Determination of banned 10 azo-dyes in hot chili products by gel permeation chromatography-liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry

An accurate method based on the use of gel permeation chromatography (GPC)-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry interfaced with electrospray ionization (GPC-LC-ESI-MS/MS) was devised for the simultaneous determination of Sudan (I-IV), Sudan Orange G, Sudan Red B, Sudan Red G, Sudan Red 7B, Butter Yellow and Para Red in hot chili products. A GPC clean-up procedure was developed for simultaneous quantification of 10 dyes in hot chili and hot chili products avoiding some interference and permitting multiple injections without damaging the column. A HPLC was performed on an Inertsil C18 column using a multistep gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid and methanol as the mobile phase. Mass spectral acquisition was done in positive ion mode. Linearity of around three orders in the magnitude of concentration was generally obtained with the correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.9984-0.9997. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the investigated dyes were in the ranges of 0.1-1.8 and 0.4-5.0 microg/kg depending on matrices, respectively. The recoveries of the 10 synthetic dyes in five matrices ranged from 81.7 to 92.9%. The intra- and inter-day precision (RSDs) was between 2.9-7.8 and 3.9-8.1%, respectively. This method has been applied successfully for the determination of the studied 10 banned dyes in hot chili products.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源性食品中矮壮素残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定动物源性食品中矮壮素残留的分析方法。样品经含1%（v/v）乙酸的乙腈溶液提取、正己烷脱脂、阳离子固相萃取柱（PCX）净化,采用Venusil MP C18（2）色谱柱（150 mm×2.1 mm,3 μm）分离,以乙腈和0.1%（v/v）甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾电离、正离子模式扫描,多反应监测模式（MRM）检测,基质匹配标准曲线内标法定量。结果表明：矮壮素在0.200~500 μg/L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数（r²）均不低于0.9993,方法的定量限为0.500 μg/kg;以猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、鸡肉、鸡蛋、猪肾、牛肝、羊肾、鸡肝、牛奶为基质,矮壮素的平均加标回收率为93.4%~101%,相对标准偏差为2.3%~8.0%。该方法基质干扰小,灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于动物源性食品中矮壮素残留的定量检测。     

Determination of synthetic dyes in bean and meat products by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive and efficient method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight synthetic dyes (Chrysoidin, Auramine O, Sudan(I–IV), Para Red, and Rhodamine B) in bean and meat products using high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A simple extraction procedure using acetonitrile has been applied for the extraction of these dyes from spiked bean and meat samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters XTerra C₁₈ column (2.1 × 150 mm, 5 μm) with a multistep gradient elution. Detection and quantification were performed using mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Linear calibrations were obtained with correlation coefficients R² > 0.99. The limits of detection and quantification for the eight dyes were in the ranges of 0.03–0.75 and 0.1–2.0 μg/kg depending on matrices, respectively. The recoveries of these dyes in different food matrices were between 71.2 and 116.9% with relative standard deviations <15.2%, suggesting that the developed method is promising for the accurate quantification of the eight dyes at trace levels in bean and meat products.     

超高效液相色谱法测定水果和饮料中残留的氟嘧菌酯和嘧螨酯

建立了多种水果和饮料中氟嘧菌酯和嘧螨酯残留的超高效液相色谱测定方法。样品用乙酸乙酯-环己烷(体积比为1∶1)超声波萃取,凝胶渗透色谱法净化,超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。采用BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm),流动相为水-乙腈(体积比为3∶7),流速为0.3 mL/min,柱温为40 ℃,紫外检测波长为251 nm。实验结果表明：氟嘧菌酯和嘧螨酯在0.05～2 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r>0.999),在不同的基质中添加3个浓度水平(0.01,0.05,0.1 mg/kg)的氟嘧菌酯和嘧螨酯,两者的回收率均在82.60%～101.11%之间,相对标准偏差为5.4%～15.3%;检出限不大于6 μg/kg,定量限不大于20 μg/kg。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡肉中4种蛋白酶抑制剂

建立了鸡肉中4种蛋白酶抑制剂（沙奎那韦、利托那韦、奈非那韦、茚地那韦）的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）检测方法。样品经30%（v/v）乙腈水溶液（含1%（v/v）三氯乙酸）振荡提取、混合型阳离子交换MCX柱净化,采用Luna^® C8色谱柱（150 mm×2 mm,3 μm）,以0.2%（v/v）甲酸水溶液（含5 mmol/L乙酸铵）和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾电离（ESI⁺）源和多反应监测（MRM）模式检测。结果表明,在0.1~20.0 μg/L范围内,4种目标化合物呈良好的线性关系,相关系数（r²）大于0.99,方法的定量限（S/N=10）为0.20~0.90 μg/kg;鸡肉组织中4种目标化合物在1.0、2.0和10.0 μg/kg 3个水平下的平均加标回收率为69.0%~106.0%,日内和日间相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.2%~13.8%（n=6）和3.6%~14.6%（n=3）。该法简单、高效、灵敏、准确,可用于鸡肉中沙奎那韦、利托那韦、奈非那韦、茚地那韦残留量的测定。