毛细管气相色谱法快速测定对氯甲苯及对氯苯甲醛

建立了在乙酸作为反应溶剂条件下空气催化氧化对氯甲苯反应液组分含量的快速分析方法,采用毛细管柱DB-FFAP(15 m×0.25 mm i.d.,0.25μm),检测器为FID氢火焰离子化检测器,以薄荷脑为内标对反应液进行气相色谱分析,采用程序升温,对氯甲苯及对氯苯甲醛在5.0 min内实现基线分离.该方法具有良好的重现性和线性关系,对氯甲苯及对氯苯甲醛回收率分别为:98.6%、101.7%,相对标准偏差分别为:0.30%、O.32%.该方法分析速度快,可用于对氯苯甲醛合成工艺优化和样品的质量控制以及生产过程中大量样品快速定量测定.     

气相色谱法测定果汁中甜蜜素的含量

建立了气相色谱法测定果汁中甜蜜素含量的分析方法.采用HP-5石英毛细管柱(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm)和氢火焰离子化检测器测定,甜蜜素标准溶液制作浓度范围在0.1～0.3 mg/L之间的校正曲线,相关系数为0.9999.样品加标回收率为≥95%,相对标准偏差为0.05%.     

气相色谱法测定聚异丁烯丁二酸酐中游离酸酐

建立气相色谱法测定聚异丁烯丁二酸酐中马来酸酐含量的方法。样品用有机溶剂萃取后进色谱柱分离。色谱柱采用HP-FFAP极性毛细管柱（30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm）,载气为高纯氮气,分流比为1∶40,进样口温度为240℃,采用程序升温方式,初始温度为50℃,以10℃/min的速率升温至230℃,保持10 min,氢火焰离子化检测器温度为260℃。马来酸酐的质量分数在0～0.40%范围内与色谱峰面积线性良好,相关系数大于0.999。样品加标回收率为96.72%～99.35%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.172%～1.949%(n=6)。该方法操作简便、快捷、准确度高,可以满足实际生产需求。     

顶空-气相色谱法测定纸类产品中游离甲醛

采用顶空-气相色谱法测定纸类产品中游离甲醛的含量。选择顶空平衡温度和时间分别为100℃和30min,用HP-INNOWAX色谱柱(60m×0.32mm,0.50μm)分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测。甲醛的质量分数在1~100μg·g-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.4μg·g-1。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在82.5%~94.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.1%~4.2%之间。     

顶空-气相色谱法测定乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物塑料儿童用品中甲酰胺含量

应用顶空-气相色谱法测定了儿童用品乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物塑料中甲酰胺的含量。选择顶空平衡温度和时间分别为160℃和40min,用DB-Wax色谱柱(0.53mm×30m,1μm)分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测。以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为内标物。甲酰胺的线性范围为1~646μg。方法用于此类共聚物塑料地垫样品的分析,加标回收率在80.9%~82.8%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在4.1%~4.5%之间。     

毛细管柱气相色谱法测定角膜接触镜护理液中薄荷脑

角膜接触镜护理液样品以乙酸乙酯超声提取,提取液经离心后供气相色谱测定。采用DB-Wax毛细管柱(30m×0.32mm,0.5μm)分离样品,氢火焰离子化检测器检测,内标法定量。薄荷脑线性范围为3.74～187.2mg.L-1,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.15mg.L-1。方法用于护理液中薄荷脑的测定,回收率在98.3%～99.3%之间;相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.72%～1.95%之间。     

GC法同时测定酚氨咖敏片中4种组分

建立了同时测定酚氨咖敏片中对乙酰氨基酚、氨基比林、咖啡因和马来酸氯苯那敏4组分含量的毛细管气相色谱法。采用SE-30大口径毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.53 mm,1.0μm),柱温190℃,汽化室温度220℃,检测器为FID,检测温度250℃,载气为高纯N2,分流比为1∶6,内标为盐酸麻黄碱,以无水乙醇为溶剂,样品无需衍生化处理,直接进样测定。样品中各组分完全分离,辅料无干扰,对乙酰氨基酚、氨基比林、咖啡因和马来酸氯苯那敏分别在20~2000μg/mL、15~1500μg/mL、10~500μg/mL和20~100μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r0.999),各组分的平均回收率在99.6%~101.2%范围内,RSD2%。     

顶空-气相色谱法快速测定化工固体废物中16种挥发性有机物

采用顶空-气相色谱法快速测定化工固体废物中16种挥发性有机物的含量。顶空加热平衡温度为80℃,顶空加热平衡时间为30min。用HP-FFAP色谱柱(30m×0.32mm,0.25μm)分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测。16种挥发性有机物的的质量浓度在一定范围内与其对应的峰高呈线性关系,方法的检出限为0.001～0.009mg·L~(-1)。方法用于化工固体废物样品的分析,加标回收率为82.5%～115%,测定总量的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.9%～9.1%。     

顶空-气相色谱法测定土壤中甲醇的含量北大核心CSCD

采用顶空-气相色谱法测定土壤中甲醇的含量。顶空平衡温度为80℃,顶空平衡时间为15min。用DB-WAX石英毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.53mm,1.00μm)分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测。甲醇的质量分数在0.791~197 mg·kg^(-1)内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3.14s)为0.37mg·kg^(-1)。以空白样品为基体制得加标样品(39.5mg·kg^(-1)),测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)为2.7%。在7.91,79.1,158mg·kg^(-1)等3个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,回收率为99.4%~103%。     

基于肠道微生物代谢产物的人结直肠癌诊断方法研究

建立气相色谱简单快速测定人粪便样品中短链脂肪酸( Short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs)的方法。粪便样品经1% HCl-75%乙醇溶液提取、高速离心,即用于GC测定。采用DB-FFAP毛细管柱(30 m ×0.25 mm ×0.25μm),升温程序洗脱(初始温度50℃保持1 min,以10℃/min升至190℃);气化室温度为250℃;载气(高纯氮)线速度为1.0 mL/min;分流比为50：1,采用氢火焰离子化检测器检测。经系统方法学验证,证实本方法简单灵敏、准确可靠。采用多元统计分析方法成功区分健康志愿者和结直肠癌患者。与健康志愿者相比,结直肠癌患者粪便中乙酸、丁酸降低较为明显,提示SCFAs特别是丁酸可成为结直肠癌诊断的潜在标志物。本方法可用于结直肠癌患者和健康志愿者粪便中SCFAs的快速测定,并有望成为一种快速筛查和诊断结直肠癌的方法。     

Phase-transfer oxidation of 2-methyl-1-naphthol into 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone in the presence of vanadomolybdophosphoric heteropolyacids

2-Methyl-1-naphthol is oxidized into 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (menadione) by air in the presence of vanadomolybdophosphoric heteropolyacids and their salts. The reaction proceeds in a biphasic system, and the yield of menadione is up to 85 %. The influence of the composition of the heteropolyacids on the rate and the selectivity of the reaction was studied, and the reaction mechanism was proposed.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 7, pp. 1208–1211, July, 1994.     

Molecular structure of 1-methyl-1-fluoroquasisilatrane (2-methyl-2-fluoro-1,3-dioxa-6-aza-2-silacyclooctane)

The molecular structure of 1-methyl-1-fluoroquasisilatrane (2-methyl-2-fluoro-1,3-dioxa-6-aza-2-silacyclooctane) MeFSi(OCH₂CH₂)₂NH (I) is determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction at 100 K. The coordination polyhedron of the silicon atom in this molecule is a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramid with an NH group and a strongly electron-withdrawing fluorine atom in the axial positions, and two endocyclic oxygen atoms and a CH₃ group in three vertices of the equatorial plane. The axial angle N→SiF is 171°. The length of the transannular donor-acceptor bond N→Si (2.058 Å) is as small as in 1-fluorosilatrane. The axial bond F-Si (1.660 Å) is longer than that in 1-fluorosilatrane and tetrahedral silicon compounds.     

Synthesis and characterization of some novel ruthenium(II) complexes containing thiolate ligands

Reactions of the ruthenium complexes [RuH(CO)Cl(PPh₃)₃] and [RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃] with hetero-difunctional S,N-donor ligands 2-mercapto-5-methyl-1,3,5-thiadiazole (HL¹), 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazoleacetic acid (HL²), and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (HL³) have been investigated. Neutral complexes [RuCl(CO)(PPh₃)₂(HL¹)] (1), [RuCl(CO)(PPh₃)₂(HL²)] (2), [RuCl(CO)(PPh₃)₂(HL³)] (3), [Ru(PPh₃)₂(HL¹)₂] (4), [RuCl(PPh₃)₃(HL²)] (5), and [RuCl(PPh₃)₃(HL³)] (6) imparting κ²-S,N-bonded ligands have been isolated from these reactions. Complexes 1 and 4 reacted with diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine (PPh₂Py) to give neutral κ¹-P bonded complexes [RuCl(CO)(κ¹-P-PPh₂Py)₂(HL¹)] (7), and [Ru(κ¹-P-PPh₂Py)₂(HL¹)₂] (8). Complexes 1-8 have been characterized by analytical, spectral (IR, NMR, and electronic absorption) and electrochemical studies. Molecular structures of 1, 2, 4, and 7 have been determined crystallographically. Crystal structure determination revealed coordination of the mercapto-thiadiazole ligands (HL¹-HL³) to ruthenium as κ²-N,S-thiolates and presence of rare intermolecular S-S weak bonding interaction in complex 1.     

Microwave spectrum, centrifugal distortion, dipole moment and conformation of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxane

Microwave spectrum of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxane has been investigated in the frequency range 8–40 GHz. Rotational a-type and c-type transitions with J≤40 have been identified. Rotational constants A = 4658.122(2) MHz, B = 2503.221(1) MHz, C = 1783.950(1) MHz and centrifugal distortion constants for the ground vibrational state have been found. Dipole moment components μ_a = 1.43 ± 0.01 D, μ_c = 1.15±0.01 D and overall dipole moment μ = 1.84±0.02 D have been determined. The data obtained are in accord with the chair conformation of the molecule having equatorial arrangement of the methyl group. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2006 by A. Kh. Mamleev, R. V. Galeev, L. N. Gunderova, M. G. Faizullin, and A. A. Shapkin __________ Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 47, No.2, pp. 373–375, March–April, 2006.     

Synthesis of 2,5 -Bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene and 2,5-Bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole

Syntheses of 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene 3 and 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole 4 are described. The key step involves Stetter reaction between 4-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and divinyl sulfone. Cyclizaton of the resulting 1,4-bis-(4-methyl-2-thienyl)-1,4-butanedione 2 with Lawesson's reagent gives 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene 3, whereas condensation with ammonium acetate provides the 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole 4.     

Kinetics of 2-methyl-2-pentene epoxidation with tert-butyl hydroperoxide

The reaction rate at the initial period during the epoxidation of 2-methyl-2-pentene with tert-butyl hydroperoxide in the presence of Mo(CO)₆ as catalyst varies linearly in the range of lower concentrations of olefin, hydroperoxide and catalyst. The reaction is losing the first order character in the region of higher concentrations due to the inhibition with the reaction products. This finds the confirmations in a discrepancy between the concentration and the instantaneous (temporal) reaction order.     

4-甲基-3-硝基苯甲腈和2-甲基-5-硝基苯甲腈的合成与表征

4-甲基-3-硝基苯甲腈和2-甲基-5-硝基苯甲腈是重要的有机合成中间体[1,2],因其芳环上具有硝基和氰基两个第二类取代基,同时又有一个可参与反应的甲基而使得这两个化合物在有机合成领域有着广泛的应用前景.芳环上的甲基可以氧化为酸,也可进一步反应形成酰氯、酯等功能基;芳环上的氰基可水解成羧基,也可以与叠氮钠在Lewis酸催化下形成具有生物活性的四唑衍生物;芳环上的硝基经还原可形成氨基,如4-甲基-3-硝基苯甲腈通过化学反应可环合形成药物中间体6-氰基吲哚[2～4].     

三(2-甲基-2-苯基丙基)锡芳氧乙酸酯的合成

三（２－甲基－２－苯基丙基）锡芳氧乙酸酯的合成刘宝殿,宁志刚,朱东升,包明（东北师范大学化学系,长春,１３００２４）关键词三（２－甲基－２－苯基丙基）锡芳氧乙酸酯,三（２－甲基－２－苯基丙基）氢氧化锡,芳氧乙酸,杀螨活性１９６６年Ｒｅｉｃｈｌｅ［１］...     

Oxidative alkylamination of 2-methyl-3(2H)-cinnolinone: unexpected dealkylation of the entering alkylamino group

The oxidative alkylamination of 2-methyl-3(2H)-cinnolinone by secondary alkylamines in the presence of KMnO₄ leads to the smooth formation of the expected 4-alkylamino-2-methyl-3(2H)-cinnolinones. The analogous reaction with primary alkylamines is accompanied by the partial or complete N-dealkylation of the entering alkylamino group depending on the temperature. *Dedicated with gratitude to an outstanding heterocyclic chemist, Prof. Henk van der Plas on the occasion of his eightieth jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 602-611, April, 2009.