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《数理统计与管理》2019,(5):858-872
使用人口普查及其事后质量评估调查数据构造的双系统估计量,是目前包括中国、美国和英国在内的绝大多数国家或地区估计普查年人口总数的常用方法。然而,双系统估计量的诟病之处在于,违背独立性和同质性这两个假设条件而引致的交互作用偏差,会造成普查年人口总数被不同程度地高估或低估。对此,本文采用理论分析方法解析双系统估计量交互作用偏差的产生和影响,提出使用仿真模拟试验方法测度不同情形下双系统估计量交互作用偏差。通过设定个体两次捕获概率及其标准差、列联表优势比等三个参数实现仿真模拟实验与实际背景的衔接。研究发现:当违背独立性假设条件时,正相关性和负相关性引起的交互作用偏差分别使双系统估计量低估和高估真实人口总数,且负相关性对双系统估计量的影响强于正相关性的影响;当违背同质性假设条件时,双系统估计量交互作用偏差会导致真实人口总数被低估,且异质程度越大,低估程度越严重;当同时违背同质性和独立性条件时,异质程度与相关性大小引起的双系统估计量交互作用偏差具有累加效应,异质程度的影响强度高于相关性的影响强度;大多数情形下个体捕获概率越高,双系统估计量的统计性质越好。本文的研究有助于实务工作者更好地了解双系统估计量的交互作用偏差问题,提高双系统估计量的准确度和精度;为2020年中国人口普查方案的设计和制定提供有价值的技术指导。 相似文献
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人口普查质量评估中所使用的双系统估计量是否为无偏估计量是一个很值得深入讨论的问题。只有无偏,才能确保使用双系统估计量估计的目标总体实际人数及人口普查净误差平均等于它们的实际数。针对人口普查质量评估工作中所使用的双系统估计量,论证这个估计量的无偏性条件。采用从既定假设出发进行推演的路径论证。研究结果表明,双系统估计量是目标总体实际人数无偏估计量的必要但非充分的条件是,人口普查与其质量评估调查相互独立以及目标总体中的每一个人在人口普查中的登记概率相同,在质量评估调查中登记的概率也相同。 相似文献
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关于我国2010年人口普查事后质量检查样本量测算的建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
同以往历次进行的人口普查一样,我国在2010年第六次人口普查后也将进行事后质量检查。样本量估计是抽取事后质量检查样本之前必须要做的一项工作。本人建议,用2000年人口普查事后质量检查样本资料估计其抽样方案的设计效应,然后用这个设计效应估计2010年在既定精度要求下所需要的样本量。 相似文献
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虽然双系统估计量目前是人口普查质量评估领域估计总体实际人口数的主要方法,但其内在固有的缺陷却依然存在,即由于人口普查与其质量评估调查不独立引起的交互作用偏差使其低估或高估人口数。独立性假设失败源于在普查及其质量评估调查中登记的因果相关性,以及在普查及质量评估调查中登记概率的异质性。Bell模型是当前公认的测算交互作用偏差的有效方法。该方法建立在0-17岁及成年女性的双系统估计值不存在交互作用偏差的假设条件下。利用美国普查局提供的2010年资料全面展示了双系统估计量交互作用偏差的测算过程。实证结果表明,黑人成年男性的双系统估计值存在显著的交互作用偏差。研究有助于我国在未来人口普查质量评估工作中意识到交互作用偏差的存在,把测算的交互作用偏差添加到双系统估计量估计的人口数中,并依据修正后的双系统估计值计算人口普查净误差。 相似文献
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针对当今人口普查净覆盖误差估计领域所使用的双系统估计量内含交互作用偏差和尚未投入使用的三系统估计量未有效使用人口行政记录的问题,以四系统估计量为研究目标.为实现目标,采取文献解读法、抽样估计法和现场调查法,研究4次捕获模型、全面登记的四系统估计量和抽样登记的四系统估计量.研究表明:四系统估计量须在等概率人口层建立及使用,否则产生异质性偏差;构造四系统估计量应该分两步进行,首先构造全面登记的四系统估计量,然后使用双重扩张估计量构造全面登记的四系统估计量的子总体指标的估计量,以得到抽样登记的四系统估计量;分层刀切抽样方差估计量适合于近似计算抽样登记的四系统估计量及净覆盖误差的抽样方差.研究价值在于,四系统估计量有望应用于政府统计部门未来的净覆盖误差估计. 相似文献
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本文采用文献综述及理论与实践相结合的研究方法构建三系统估计量。研究结果表明,三系统估计量能够较好地解决作为当今人口质量评估主流方法的双系统估计量所存在的交互作用偏差问题,显著提高人口普查净误差估计的精度。本文率先在国内提出并论证了在人口普查质量评估工作中应用三系统估计量的理论依据及其实践方法。这有助于三系统估计量在我国人口数目及人口普查净误差估计中的推广应用。 相似文献
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Measuring accuracy in a post-enumeration survey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
"The U.S. Bureau of the Census will use a post-enumeration survey to measure the coverage of the 1990 Decennial Census. The Census Bureau has developed and tested new procedures aimed at increasing the accuracy of the survey. This paper describes the new methods. It discusses the categories of error that occur in a post-enumeration survey and means of evaluation to determine that the results are accurate. The new methods and the evaluation of the methods are discussed in the context of a recent test post-enumeration survey." 相似文献
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Schenker N 《Survey methodology》1988,14(1):87-97, 93-104
"This paper discusses methods used to handle missing data in post-enumeration surveys for estimating census coverage error, as illustrated for the 1986 Test of Adjustment Related Operations (Diffendal 1988). The methods include imputation schemes based on hot-deck and logistic regression models as well as weighting adjustments. The sensivity of undercount estimates from the 1986 test to variations in the imputation models is also explored." The test was carried out in Central Los Angeles County, California. 相似文献
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Biemer PP 《Survey methodology》1988,14(1):117-34, 125-43
"In this paper, we propose a model for investigating the effect of matching error on the estimators of census undercount and illustrate its use for the 1990 [U.S.] census undercount evaluation program. The mean square error [MSE] of the dual system estimator is derived under the proposed model and the components of MSE arising from matching error are defined and explained. Under the assumed model, the effect of matching error on the MSE of the estimator of census undercount is investigated. Finally, a methodology for employing the model for the optimal design of matching error evaluation studies will be illustrated and the form of the estimators will be given." 相似文献
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Diffendal G 《Survey methodology》1988,14(1):71-86, 75-92
The author presents the methodology and results of a 1986 test census conducted in Central Los Angeles County, California, to examine the feasibility of adjusting the census for the estimated undercount using a post-enumeration survey. "The results of the dual-system estimates are presented for the test site by the three major race/ethnic groups (Hispanic, Asian, Other) by tenure, by age and by sex. Summaries of the small area adjustments of the census enumeration, by block, are presented and discussed." 相似文献
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This is a survey article on finite elementa posteriori error estimates with an emphasize on gradient recovery type error estimators. As an example, the error estimator based on
the ZZ patch recovery technique will be discussed in some detail. 相似文献
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Martin Karlberg 《The Journal of mathematical sociology》2013,37(2):99-126
One may use information about a random sample of network members to estimate quantities related to the triad census of a network. Various kinds of information about the graph may be observable from the sample; four observation schemes involving the local networks of the sampled vertices are considered here. Unbiased triad count estimators are defined, and their variances (and unbiased estimators of these variances) are derived. A main result is that under one of the observation schemes, the estimator can be written as a sum of vertex attributes; standard estimation formulas for various sampling designs, such as stratified sampling, are therefore effortlessly applied. The estimator properties are compared in a simulation study. 相似文献
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In this paper, we propose an information-theoretic approach to the effective usage of auxiliary information from survey data,
which is suitable for both simple and complex survey data. Our estimator under simple random sampling without replacement
will be consistent and asymptotically normal. We show that the resulting estimates have smaller asymptotic variances than
the usual estimates which do not use auxiliary information. For more complex survey designs, the resulting estimator is in
essence asymptotically equivalent to a pseudo empirical likelihood estimator. Results of a limited simulation study show that
the proposed estimators perform well among a number of competitors. 相似文献