聚变实验增殖堆FEB-E粒子抽除和抽气系统(英文)

ＦＥＢ－Ｅ的粒子抽除是通过偏滤器进行的。由４８ 个楔形气室模件环形组装而成的ＦＥＢ－Ｅ偏滤器，位于真空室的下部，与抽气系统和冷却系统相连。ＦＥＢ－Ｅ抽气系统有二个子系统：环粗抽系统和环高真空系统。环高真空系统是由一组处于真空室内１６ 个下部舱口内的低温泵和一组处于生物屏蔽层外的附加涡轮分子泵组成的。这些低温泵能提供的名义总抽速为５７６ｍ ３·ｓ－ １。在偏滤器高中性压力（＞ １Ｐａ）情况下，低温泵入口阀节流控制抽气粒子流。由于偏滤器抽气槽路以及偏滤器下侧通至真空室下部舱口的有限的通导能力，这些低温泵在偏滤器幽僻区域有效抽速为１６０ｍ ３·ｓ－ １。这意味着偏滤器幽僻区域的中性压力应在０．５－ １．０Ｐａ 范围内，以得到８０－ １６０Ｐａ·ｍ ３·ｓ－ １（在预期的偏滤器抽气槽路温度为４７３Ｋ时）范围内的抽气流量。低温泵每次在聚变实验增殖堆燃烧１０００ｓ 后受激运行     

HL-2A真空室预装抽气与检漏试验

4套前级汇总式分子泵三级抽气机组由包括4套3500L@s-1分子泵、2套600L@s-1罗茨增压泵和2套70L@s-1机械泵组成,对环有效抽速为6.4m3@s-1(H2).用氦质谱检漏仪、四级场质谱计与氦质谱检漏仪相结合的方法分别进行了零部件和真空室总体检漏,真空室总漏气率≤1.2×10-5Pa@m3@s-1.采用有效除气措施后,HL-2A真空室预装本底压强为1.1×10-4Pa.     

低温泵抽气性能测试平台的抽速测量不确定度研究

抽速是决定低温泵抽气性能的关键参数,高质量的抽速测试结果可有效指导低温泵的工程设计与实验运行。介绍了低温泵抽气性能测试平台的组成和抽速测量的基本原理,分析了压力和充气量的不确定度分量来源,研究了各不确定度分量的估计与合成,确定了低温泵的抽速测量不确定度,给出了抽速测量结果的完整表述,探讨了降低抽速测量不确定度、提高测量结果质量所采取的措施。研究结果对合理配置低温泵抽气性能测试平台、优化实验方案、提高抽速测量结果可靠性有指导意义。     

Diode pumping of a solid-state laser rod by a two-dimensional CPC-elliptical cavity with intervening optics

The pump radiation from a large area two-dimensional diode stack is concentrated into a cylindrical intervening optics by a first-stage 2D-CPC concentrator. The compressed radiation from the intervening optics is then efficiently coupled into a laser rod by a second-stage 2D-elliptical pump cavity. Depending on the width of the pump source, optimized rod mounting position is found through a non-sequential ray-tracing analysis. By comparing with the performance of a 2D-CPC-CPC cavity, significant improvements in both absorption efficiency and absorption distribution are achieved by a 2D-CPC-EL cavity. This asymmetric pumping scheme constitutes also an effective alternative to conventional symmetric pumping approaches.     

Analyses of transmission characteristics of Rb, Rb and Rb Faraday optical filters at 532 nm

In this paper, the transmission characteristics for Rb, ⁸⁵Rb and ⁸⁷Rb Faraday optical filters at 532 nm that can be used to detect the practical and important frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser are analyzed and discussed. The theoretical model of an excited-state Faraday optical filter based on the hyperfine structures of atomic system in the intermediate field, what is to our knowledge, is firstly reported. This model predicts that the peak transmission is approximately 50% with an equivalent bandwidth of less than 3 GHz for filters operating on the 5P_1/2 → 10S_1/2 transition in Rb, ⁸⁵Rb and ⁸⁷Rb vapors, respectively. Moreover, the transmission property of ⁸⁷Rb atomic vapor is superior to that of Rb, ⁸⁵Rb atomic vapors, which makes it more suitable for the operation material of Faraday optical filters by comparison with natural Rb vapor.     

HL-2M 装置真空抽气系统的研制

HL-2M 装置真空抽气系统包括 4 套涡轮分子泵机组和 4 套低温泵机组。辅助系统主要由设备逻辑 控制与信号测量、水冷却循环系统和设备供气系统 3 部分组成。真空室经过 100℃烘烤后真空度达到 2.3×10⁻⁶Pa, 超过了设计预期真空度,满足超高真空技术要求。     

High conversion efficiency solar laser pumping by a light-guide/2D-CPC cavity

A simple and efficient light-guide/2D-CPC solar pumping approach is proposed. A fused silica light-guide assembly is used to transmit 6 kW concentrated solar power from the focal spot of a large parabolic mirror to the entrance aperture of a 2D-CPC pump cavity, where a long and thin Nd:YAG rod is efficiently pumped. Numerical calculations are made for different light-guides, 2D-CPC cavities and laser rods. The laser output power is investigated through finite element analysis. With 4 mm diameter rod, the maximum calculated laser power of 75.8 W is obtained, corresponding to the conversion efficiency of more than 11 W/m². The tracking error dependent laser power losses are lower than 4%. A small scale prototype was constructed and tested, reaching 8.1 W/m² conversion efficiency.     

抽真空获取1.8K超流氦方案分析以及真空泵抽速的预测

低温地面支持系统(CGSE)是专为AMS-02国际合作科学实验项目开发研究的低温地面支持和冷却系统,该系统要完成将AMS-02超导磁体从环境温度到1.8K的冷却过程,超流氦(HeII)的获得是其重要环节。文中针对抽真空获取HeII的方案进行了比较详细的分析和计算,同时针对此方案给出了其物理过程的T-s图、流程简图和实现该过程的主要设备。最后针对此方案,对真空泵抽速进行了预测,这将对后续阶段真空泵的选型具有指导意义。     

2MW中性束注入器抽气过程分析

一、引言 中性束注入器是要把离子源引出的高能离子转化成高能中性粒子,并输送到聚变装置中,既要提供足够的气体靶厚,以获得高效率的中性化,又要求主真空箱内的气压不超过一定的压强值,以减少再电离损失和对装置的气体负载。对于2MW这样特大的注入器,在设计过程中,不仅力图获得最大传输效率,而且要考虑到工程上的可行性和经济效益。因此,通过对抽气过程的分析计算来优化选择注入器进气方式、真空及抽气系统的各参数是必要的。     

使LD泵浦源的发射与激活媒质的吸收相匹配的简易扫描光谱技术

近年来半导体激光器常被用来作为固体激光器的泵浦光源,本文提出了一种简单有效的双光路光谱扫描技术,它可以实时地使半导体激光器的发射光谱与激活媒质的吸收峰相吻合,以提高泵浦效率.本文还从理论上论证了这种方法的可行性.另外,由于半导体激光器的发射光谱的带宽比较宽,用这种方法测得的激活媒质的吸收曲线的峰宽(δλ)₁大于它的实际带宽δλ.(δλ)₁、δλ和半导体激光器发射光谱的带宽dλ之间满足勾股定理.     

Optimization of pumping mode for double-clad fiber lasers

A theoretical modeling of Yb-doped double-clad fiber lasers under various pumping modes including arbitrary numbers of end-pump and side-pump is introduced. Approximate analytic expressions of distributed lasers along the whole fiber are derived, and their accuracies are investigated. The effect of the pumping mode on the output performance of fiber lasers is discussed. The numerical results show that the approximate analytic solution is in excellent agreement with the exact numerical solution of the rate equations, the output power in the side-pump scheme is lower than that in end-pumping scheme, and more uniform distributions of laser and pump powers can be achieved by adopting the distributed pump mode and optimizing the arrangement of pump powers. However, further flattening the pump distribution by using more pump points can degrade the laser efficiency.     

A non-fused fiber coupler for side-pumping of double-clad fiber lasers

A non-fused fiber coupler is demonstrated for side-pumping of the double-clad fiber (DCF) lasers by adhesive techniques. The fiber coupler is fabricated by adhering an angularly polished single-clad fiber (SCF) to the inner cladding of the DCF. The pumping light is launched from the SCF by total inner reflection. Coupling coefficient as a function of coupling angle, bend distance, and backward scattering is investigated. The field distribution in DCF is also discussed.     

Theoretical analysis of the multi-pumped light intensity distribution of laser system with different pumping parameters

By approaching of the Gaussian function, the intensity distribution of multi-pumped light with different pumping parameters such as pumping structure, pumping beam waist, gain medium radius and absorption coefficient has been simulated, and the impact of the different pumping parameters on the pumping homogeneity has also been discussed. The conclusion is that the pumping intensity distribution can be strengthened by increasing pumping direction and pumping beam waist, and it can also be strengthened by decreasing the gain medium radius. It also indicates that the absorption coefficient should be moderate.     

HL—1装置等离子体粒子平衡的光谱研究

本文描述HL-1装置器壁碳化,观察了碳化前后氢的约束时间和再循环现象,同时还观察了加抽气孔栏条件下粒子约束时间和再循环的变化。实验表明,碳化后氢的再循环增大,使用抽气孔栏可以控制壁附近边缘等离子体的粒子密度,粒子约束时间比不用抽气孔栏增大17.7％,再循环系数减小13.2％。     

Nano-laser on silicon quantum dots

A new conception of nano-laser is proposed in which depending on the size of nano-clusters (silicon quantum dots (QD)), the pumping level of laser can be tuned by the quantum confinement (QC) effect, and the population inversion can be formed between the valence band and the localized states in gap produced from the surface bonds of nano-clusters. Here we report the experimental demonstration of nano-laser on silicon quantum dots fabricated by nanosecond pulse laser. The peaks of stimulated emission are observed at 605 nm and 693 nm. Through the micro-cavity of nano-laser, a full width at half maximum of the peak at 693 nm can reach to 0.5 nm. The theoretical model and the experimental results indicate that it is a necessary condition for setting up nano-laser that the smaller size of QD (d < 3 nm) can make the localized states into band gap. The emission energy of nano-laser will be limited in the range of 1.7-2.3 eV generally due to the position of the localized states in gap, which is in good agreement between the experiments and the theory.     

Dual-beam coaxial amplification system of stimulated Brillouin scattering based on polarization control technology

In the field of Brillouin lidar, it has very important significance to find one method that can amplify the Brillouin scattering signal in real time. One new-type Brillouin lidar detection system based on Nd:YAG pulsed laser and polarization control device is designed in this paper. The key point of this detection system is to have two pulsed coherent lights with same frequency, same polarization and same initial phase, of which one beam is taken as the detection wave for generating stimulated Brillouin scattering signal and the other beam is taken as pumping wave for real time and effective amplification of stimulated Brillouin scattering signal. This detection system mainly includes two pulsed lasers and one electro-optical polarization controller. The laser is mainly used to obtain the pulsed lights with same frequency and same phase, and the polarization controller is mainly used to change the polarization state of two coaxial beams to make them change into same polarization state from orthogonal polarization state thus to enable the pumping wave to amplify the backward stimulated Brillouin scattering signal. It is shown from the experimental results that the adoption of this new system can realize the effect of pumping amplification and can increase the signal to noise ratio to a certain extent.     

二极管侧面泵浦薄片激光器泵浦均匀性分析

 建立了二极管侧面泵浦复合薄片激光介质Nd:YAG/YAG的数值模型：二极管阵列的快轴垂直于薄片激光介质表面的排布,二极管对称排列在增益介质的周围,从侧面进行泵浦,通过微柱透镜对二极管的快轴进行准直。模拟并实验研究了激光二极管慢轴方向的远场分布特性,结果发现在近距离时激光二极管慢轴方向上的远场分布近似为高斯分布。对于二极管参量,研究发现泵浦二极管越多,增益介质内泵浦光分布就越理想;增益介质吸收系数越小,泵浦的均匀性就越好,但总的吸收效率下降;二极管与工作物质的距离越近,工作物质靠近中心的区域对泵浦光的吸收就越多,但泵浦的均匀性就越差。选用增益介质为Nd:YAG/YAG的复合薄片介质,当掺杂原子分数以及增益介质的吸收系数不同时,发现0.6%掺杂的增益介质(吸收系数为0.24 cm^-1)的泵浦均匀性比1%掺杂(吸收系数为0.51 mm^-1))有明显改善,实验结果与模拟结果一致。     

WDM系统中碲基掺铒光纤放大器泵浦问题的理论研究

依据均匀加宽四能级结构速率方程组和光功率传输方程组, 对WDM系统中碲基掺铒光纤放大器（EDTFA）的泵浦问题进行了理论研究,给出了三种泵浦方式小信号和大信号状态下EDTFA信号增益分布曲线和放大的自发辐射（ASE）噪声功率谱,在此基础上探讨了EDTFA泵浦方式与信号增益、ASE噪声的关系.     

LD泵浦的声光调Q高重复率Nd∶GdVO4激光器

报道了利用LD泵浦、1.06 μm声光调Q准连续Nd∶GdVO4激光器的输出特性.当泵浦功率为4.15 W,重复率为40 kHz时,获得的最大平均输出功率为1.46 W,光-光转换效率为35.1%,斜效率为44.2%.在重复率为10 kHz时,获得了最短脉宽24 ns, 最大单脉冲能量为63.2 μJ,相应峰值功率为2.62 kW.     

HL—1装置杂质清除率的研究

本文比较了ECR,AC和TDC纯H_2放电清洗,TDC+ECR(AC)纯H_2组合放电清洗和ACH_2+Kr(Xe,Ne)混合气体放电清洗对HL-1装置真空壁的清洗效果;总结了1984—1989年度各种壁条件下,HL-1装置杂质平均清除率;从气体动力学方程出发,分析了实验结果。