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通过对α-甲基丙烯酸2,3-环氧丙基酯双键的选择性阴离子聚合的研究发现:在较低温度下(<-40℃),聚合中的副反应主要发生在引发阶段,以引发剂与单体中环氧基的副反应为主;当温度较高时(>-20℃),则易出现交联现象而难以进行双键的选择性聚合。GPC、1HNMR及FTIR鉴定表明,在较低温度下用1,1′二苯基己基锂作引发剂可合成每个重复单元上均定量带有的环氧基的单分散( <1.10)官能性聚合物,该聚合物易溶于多种溶剂。 相似文献
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α—甲基丙烯酸2,3—环氧丙基酯的选择性阴离子聚合 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对α-甲基丙烯酸2,3-环氧丙基酯双键的选择性阴离子聚合的研究发现:在较低下(<-40℃)聚合中的副反应主要发生在引发阶段,以引发剂与单体中环氧基的副反应为主;当温度较高时(>-20℃)则易出现交现象而难以进行双键的选择性聚合,GPC、HNMR及FTIR鉴定表明,在较低温度下1,1'-二苯基己基锂作引发剂可合成每个重复单元上均定量带有的环氧基的单分散(Mw/Mn<1.10)官能性聚合物,该聚合 相似文献
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α-氯乙酰氧基大分子引发剂的合成及其引发原子转移自由基聚合 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
通过阴离子聚合制备了α-氯乙酰氧端基大分子引发剂。并用于引发(甲基)丙烯酸酯类单体进行“活性”/可控的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)。结果表明:酰化反应温度为60℃,氯乙酰氯过量5倍和反应24h,酰化效率达到99.8%,产物经红外和核磁共振表征,证明α-氯乙酰氧端基的结构。用此引发剂引发乙烯基单位进行ATRP,合成了PSt-b-PMA和PSt-b-PBA嵌段共聚物,其结构通过^1H NMR得到确证 相似文献
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α-甲基丙烯酸2,3-环氧丙基酯(EPMA)含有两个可进行阴离子聚合的基团,即α位C=C双键和酯基上的环氧基。控制适当的聚合条件可使α位双键选择性地进行阴离子聚合而一步合成每个重复单元上均带有环氧基团的窄分布(Mw^-/Mn^-≤1.10)PEPMA^[1]。本研究进一步探讨反应时间对聚合反应过程、温度对聚合物立构规整性的影响,并通过改进单体的精制方法,试图合成单分散Mw^-/Mn^-≤1.05)官能性PEPMA。同时,通过与α-甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的阴离子共聚,对单体的聚合顺序、共聚物组成比、分子量及分子量分布等进行探讨,并对所得聚合物进行表征。 相似文献
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异丙醇铝改进的原子转移自由基聚合催化体系 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
以α 溴代异丁酸乙酯[2 (EiB) Br] 为引发剂,溴化亚铜(CuBr)/ 联二吡啶(bpy)/ 异丙醇铝[Al(OiPr)3] 为复合催化剂,在环己酮溶液中进行了甲基丙烯酸正丁酯(BMA) 的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP) .研究了异丙醇铝对聚合速率及产物分子量分布的影响.异丙醇铝可与引发剂和聚合物中的羰基配位,使相邻的C—Br 键活化,ATRP 反应可以在较低温度下进行.适量溴化铜的加入,可调节ATRP 活性,可得到分子量可控且分子量分布窄的PBMA( MWD= 1-3 ~1-5) . 相似文献
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用二苯甲烷钾为引发剂,阴离子聚合法合成了苯乙烯(St)-环氧乙烷(EO)嵌段共聚物,并用FTIR,^1H-NMR,SEC,WAXD和动态粘弹谱对共聚物进行了表征。结果表明所得聚合物为分子量可控,窄分布的两嵌段共聚物。 相似文献
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Cline Farcet Julien Nicolas Bernadette Charleux 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2002,40(24):4410-4420
The controlled free‐radical homopolymerization of n‐butyl acrylate was studied in aqueous miniemulsions at 112 and 125 °C with a low molar mass alkoxyamine unimolecular initiator and an acyclic β‐phosphonylated nitroxide mediator, N‐tert‐butyl‐N‐(1‐diethylphosphono‐2,2‐dimethylpropyl) nitroxide, also called SG1. The polymerizations led to stable latices with 20 wt % solids and were obtained with neither coagulation during synthesis nor destabilization over time. However, in contrast to latices obtained via classical free‐radical polymerization, the average particle size of the final latices was large, with broad particle size distributions. The initial [SG1]0/[alkoxyamine]0 molar ratio was shown to control the rate of polymerization. The fraction of SG1 released upon macroradical self‐termination was small with respect to the initial alkoxyamine concentration, indicating a very low fraction of dead chains. Average molar masses were controlled by the initial concentration of alkoxyamine and increased linearly with monomer conversion. The molar mass distribution was narrow, depending on the initial concentration of free nitroxide in the system. The initiator efficiency was lower than 1 at 112 °C but was very significantly improved when either a macroinitiator was used at 112 °C or the polymerization temperature was raised to 125 °C. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 4410–4420, 2002 相似文献
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Kevin M. Burridge Nethmi De Alwis Watuthanthrige Camryn Payne Richard C. Page Dominik Konkolewicz 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2021,59(21):2530-2536
An enduring question is: what is the simplest and easiest way to obtain tailored polymers? This communication explores a robust photoiniferter polymerization with only two active ingredients that requires no prior deoxygenation and can be performed on the milliliter scale or sub-milliliter scale. Rather than leaving headspace in the polymerization vessel or scaling reactions up to fill the vessel, this approach fills the headspace of the reaction vessel with mineral oil or inert solvents. This approach can also be applied to polar monomers in aqueous media, using oil as the inert solvent, or to hydrophobic monomers with water as the inert solvent. This method removes enough ambient oxygen that the photoiniferter reaction proceeds with no deoxygenation step, and achieves high conversion and good molecular weight control in 10–20 h in both aqueous and organic solvents. Complex polymer architectures such as multiblock copolymers and gradient polymers were successfully synthesized by this approach. 相似文献
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原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)应用于乳液聚合体系的主要挑战在于如何同时保证乳液的稳定性和聚合反应的可控性。本文主要对乳液ATRP体系中影响聚合反应可控性和乳液稳定性的各种因素、乳液ATRP的机理和乳液ATRP的应用等方面进行了综述。表面活性剂亲水亲油性及其亲水亲油基团的化学性质、催化剂/配体在油/水两相之间的分配行为、引发剂的溶解性、反应温度以及各组分的浓度是影响反应可控性和乳液稳定性的主要因素。各组分在油/水两相中的分配行为使得乳液ATRP的机理比传统乳液聚合更加复杂。乳液原子转移自由基聚合结合了活性自由基聚合和乳液聚合的优点,在理论研究和工业生产上具有很大的应用前景。 相似文献
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Reverse iodine transfer polymerization (RITP) is a new controlled radical polymerization technique based on the use of molecular iodine I2 as control agent. This paper aims at presenting the basics of RITP and the strategy that we have followed for the development of this process in the past three years, from the validation in homogeneous solution polymerization up to recent results in heterogeneous aqueous polymerization processes. Typical examples of RITP of butyl acrylate in emulsion and RITP of styrene in miniemulsion are discussed. 相似文献