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端点附壁的高分子链形状的Monte Carlo模拟 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
分别基于简立方格点和四面体格点模型对一端吸附在无限大平面的高分子链(平面接枝高分子链)的形状进行了Monte Carlo模拟,结果表明,接枝高分子链的形状更偏离球形,〈L^21〉:〈L^22〉:〈L^23〉的极限值约为1:2.75:12.5,其中〈L^21〉,〈L^22〉和〈L^23〉分别为回转半径张量的本征值L^21,L^22和L^23(L^21〈L^22〈L^23)的统计平均;链长相同时,接枝 相似文献
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《中国科学:化学》2020,(4)
表面改性是赋予生物医用材料表面所需功能和性能的最佳途径之一.高分子刷改性表面具有制备简单、表面化学可控、耐久性和稳定性好等优点,近年来发展迅猛.其中,层状高分子刷表面引起了人们极大的研究兴趣.层状高分子刷将不同接枝链段构建在不同空间层上,不仅接枝链段间密度和功能相互干扰小,而且通过结构和组成设计,协同利用不同高分子刷层在温度、溶剂、pH等外界环境下的响应差异,能获得单层高分子刷很难实现的生物自适应性.本文系统地概述了层状高分子刷的构建方法、表面结构与性能关系,结合本课题组的相关研究工作,综述了层状高分子刷在生物医用领域的研究进展,最后展望了层状高分子刷医用表面的发展前景和趋势. 相似文献
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利用等离子体技术研究聚苯乙烯表面的接枝聚合反应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用O2等离子体对聚苯乙烯(PS)进行预处理, 再用Ar等离子体引发N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)在其表面接枝聚合. 通过接触角(CA)及表面自由能(SE)分析, 探讨了O2等离子体预处理条件对PS表面自由能的影响, 确定了预处理的最佳条件. 通过衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和动态接触角(DCA)分析, 比较了O2等离子体预处理前后和接枝聚合前后PS的表面组成及表面性能, 实验结果表明, 利用等离子体技术能成功地将NVP接枝聚合于PS表面, 接枝聚合后的PS表面由于极性高分子链和粗糙度的增加, 亲水性增强, 水滴易在其表面铺展. 由于接枝聚合后PS表面的高分子链在水中发生重构, 使后退角降低幅度较大, 接触角滞后现象明显. 相似文献
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利用大分子单体技术通过自由基共聚法合成了由甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和N, N-二乙基丙烯酰胺(DEAM)组成的几种不同组成的P(MAA-g-DEAM)接枝共聚物.通过UV-Vis 透光率的测定和荧光探针技术, 对共聚物水溶液的相行为进行了研究. 研究表明, 此接枝共聚物具有相互独立的温度和pH 敏感性;几种组成不同的P(MAA-g-DEAM)接枝共聚物具有基本相同的低临界溶解温度(LCST);它们的临界相变pH与接枝共聚物的组成有关, 温敏性PDEAM 枝链的接枝率越高, 其临界相变pH 越高. pH > 5.5 时, 接枝共聚物的主链是一种较为松散的线团构象;pH < 5.5 时, 接枝共聚物的主链是一种较为压缩的线团构象. 这种接枝共聚物高分子聚集体在新的纳米复合材料的合成方面有可能获得应用. 相似文献
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高分子体系的自洽场理论(self-consistent field theory, SCFT)是基于平均场近似的粗粒化模型, 特别适合研究发生相分离的非均相高分子体系在平衡态的相结构及相图, 其突出的优点在于能够考虑链拓扑构型、链序列分布等链的细节特点. 本文将对高分子体系的SCFT方法作较为详尽的介绍. 重点根据多年来我们自己的研究工作并结合实例, 简要介绍SCFT方法在具有复杂拓扑结构的多嵌段共聚高分子本体及稀溶液中的微相分离形态的预测、表面接枝高分子的纳米颗粒间的相互作用、含液晶体系的界面问题以及表面锚泊高分子链的囊泡形状问题等诸多前沿领域的具体应用. 最后, 展望了SCFT方法的可能发展方向和应用前景. 相似文献
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烯烃易位聚合研究新进展 在合成嵌段共聚物及功能高分子上的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文详述了利用环烯烃开环易位聚合合成,AB,ABA和星形嵌段共聚物,接枝共聚物,氧化还原性聚合物,侧链液晶高分子,导电高分子及含金属纳米聚合物材料,并对其具体合成线路作了概述。 相似文献
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用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%. 相似文献
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Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields. 相似文献
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Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction
Laurent Gavara Thomas Boisse Jean-Pierre Hénichart Adam Daïch Philippe Gautret 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(38):7544-5571
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments. 相似文献
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The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula. 相似文献
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Rebecca J. Burton Mandy L. CrowtherNeal J. Fazakerley Shaun M. FilleryBarry M. Hayter Jason G. KettleCaroline A. McMillan Paula PerkinsPeter Robins Peter M. SmithEmma J. Williams Gail L. Wrigley 《Tetrahedron letters》2013
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines. 相似文献
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KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields. 相似文献
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N. A. Nedolya 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2008,44(10):1165-1219
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff
at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry
of Heterocyclic Compounds.
Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee.
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008. 相似文献
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A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL. 相似文献
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Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp3)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products. 相似文献
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A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions. 相似文献