共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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双杯芳烃是杯芳烃家族中的重要一员。它由两个杯芳烃单元通过化学键联结而形成,一般常有上缘-下缘、下缘-下缘、下缘-上缘3种桥联方式,其结构更复杂,性质也更为丰富多彩。双杯芳烃具有两个相同或不相同的结合部位,可同时络合两个相同或不相同的底物,还可表现出特殊的协同作用、更强的络合能力、变构象以及粒子雾荡等新的性质。本文根据杯芳烃亚单元的种类,综述了双杯芳烃的研究进展,重点描述了不同桥联方式的双杯[4]芳烃的合成方法,而且对一些具有特殊性能的双杯芳烃进行了较为详细的介绍。最后对双杯芳烃的发展前景作了展望。 相似文献
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首次合成一系列杯[10]冠醚。通过将对叔丁基杯[10]芳烃和乙二醇双对甲苯磺酸酯或多甘醇双对甲苯磺酸酯在K2CO3/甲苯或Cs2CO3/丙酮体系中反应,得到一系列杯[10]冠醚:1,2-杯[10]冠-4、1,3-杯[10]冠-2、1,2-,1,3-杯[10]冠-3、1,4-杯[10]冠-4、和1,6-杯[10]冠-4。 相似文献
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新一代大环化合物杯芳烃(calixarcne)的研究已引起广泛的兴趣,它是由酚环和亚甲基组成的环多聚体,其结构呈杯状.杯底OH及杯盖R基可被各种基团取代,在其环形结构中具有适当体积的洞穴,在此空穴中能容纳客体而形成主客体配合物,可模拟酶催化的初始过程,在催化及分析分离等方面也有广泛的应用.但杯芳烃的配位化学研究很少,本文首先合成了对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃、对叔丁基杯[6]芳烃及对叔了基杯[8]芳烃(分别简称杯[4]、杯[6]及杯[8]),研究它们对铜的萃取,并探讨了萃取机理. 相似文献
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Dr. Luigi Gentile Prof. Luigi Coppola Dr. Sandor Balog Prof. Kell Mortensen Prof. Giuseppe A. Ranieri Prof. Ulf Olsson 《Chemphyschem》2015,16(11):2459-2465
Metastability and phase coexistence are important concepts in colloidal science. Typically, the phase diagram of colloidal systems is considered at the equilibrium without the presence of an external field. However, several studies have reported phase transition under mechanical deformation. The reason behind phase coexistence under shear flow is not fully understood. Here, multilamellar vesicle (MLV)‐to‐sponge (L3) and MLV‐to‐Lα transitions upon increasing temperature are detected using flow small‐angle neutron scattering techniques. Coexistence of Lα and MLV phases at 40 °C under shear flow is detected by using flow NMR spectroscopy. The unusual rheological behavior observed by studying the lamellar phase of a non‐ionic surfactant is explained using 2H NMR and diffusion flow NMR spectroscopy with the coexistence of planar lamellar–multilamellar vesicles. Moreover, a dynamic phase diagram over a wide range of temperatures is proposed. 相似文献
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本文基于Debye相关函数概念,引入一个有别于Debye型的相关函数Γ(r)=exp(-r/2D_m)cos(r/2D_m)。由此计算了散射光强变化,理论值和实验结果进行了比较,结果表明由新引入的相关函数得到的散射光强可很好地描述高分子共混体系相分离散射行为,在大波矢处具有I(q)~q~(-4)的渐近行为,相关函数的参数物理意义明确。 相似文献
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The effect of caffeine on the phase behavior of aqueous dispersion of cubic phase was studied. The morphologies of the dispersed particles were observed by means of cryo-transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the sizes of the dispersed particles were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). It was found that the addition of caffeine could lead to the phase transition from cubic phase to vesicle, and this might be due to the “salt out” effect of caffeine on the monoglyceride molecules in aqueous phase. 相似文献
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在基于相位分析的三维测量系统中,为了准确地得到物体的高度,相位展开扮演着很重要的角色。传统的相位展开方法常常需要额外的投影图,而傅里叶变换轮廓术只需要采集一幅或两幅变形条纹图就可以实现对物体轮廓的测量,其方法速度快,易于实现。针对傅里叶变换轮廓术方法计算得到的截断相位分布,本文提出了一种利用截断相位与参考平面相位差值2π的整数倍数获得截断相位的正确级次,辅助相位展开的方法。当被测物体较复杂,或者相位截断次数较多时,该方法在已有参考平面相位的基础上虚拟新的相位平面,依次比较截断相位和虚拟相位,进行多次分级相位展开,结合多个展开相位结果,最终得到正确的展开相位。该方法展开速度快,展开错误不会蔓延传递。仿真和实物实验结果证明了该方法的可行性,说明该方法可用于傅里叶变换轮廓术中进行截断相位的快速展开。 相似文献
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Takeshi Higuchi Kiwamu Motoyoshi Hidekazu Sugimori Hiroshi Jinnai Hiroshi Yabu Masatsugu Shimomura 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2010,31(20):1773-1778
Block copolymer nanopaticles were prepared from the mixture solutions containing good/poor solvents by a simple evaporation process. The block copolymers formed disorder, unidirectionally stacked lamellar, and onion‐like structures in nanoparticles depending on preparation temperatures. Thermal annealing induced the disorder‐order phase transition and order‐order phase transformation in the block copolymer nanoparticles, even though the annealing temperature is lower than the of one polymer segment. The unusual thermal behaviors suggest that the glass transition temperature of the block copolymer is decreased by the effect of nanoparticle, whose surface areas are larger than their volumes.
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依据柱相比的热力学定义和反相液相色谱中溶质的计量置换保留理论(the stoichiometric dispheement heory of solute for retention,SDT-R),对反相液相色谱中固定相和流动相性质、温度对柱相比的影响进行了研究。结果表明:固定相的种类和配基的疏水性对柱相比影响较大,而流动相中有机溶剂的种类,特别是脂肪酸作为置换剂时,对柱相比的影响更大,而柱相比受温度的影响较小。此外,通过用27种小分子溶质对柱相比的测定,其logI和Z良好的线性关系,进一步证明柱相比是一个与溶质性质无关的常数。 相似文献
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Chromatographia - The ratio between the volume of the stationary phase and the void volume of column in HPLC is known as the phase ratio (denoted by Φ). In almost all the thermodynamic studies... 相似文献
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主要探讨了二组分体系的相图,如气-液相图和液-固相图,总结了二组分相图的分类、绘制及相图分析,这有利于理解和掌握二组分相图的基本规律。并简单介绍了相图边界理论,扩展了相图的热力学研究。 相似文献