共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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主成分—人工神经网络在近红外光谱定量分析中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
近红外光谱的主成分由非线性迭代偏最小二乘法(NIPALS)求出,主成分作标准化处理后,作为B-P神经网络的输入结点进行非线性迭代。该法的优点是,充分利用了全光谱的数据,得到消除噪声后的最佳主成分,能建立非线性模型,B-P神经网络迭代时间显著缩短,用该法对大麦中的淀粉含量进行了定量分析研究。结果为:校准和预测的相关系数分别为0.981和0.953,校准和预测的相对标准偏差分别为1.70%和2.48% 相似文献
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主成分回归残差神经网络校正算法用于近红外光谱快速测定汽油辛烷值 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
根据汽油辛值预测体系本身的非线性特点,提出主成分回归残差神经网络校正算法(principal component regression residual artificial neural network,PCRRANN)用于近红外测定汽油辛烷值的预测模型校正,该方法给合了主成分回归算法(PC),与经典的线性校正算法(PLS(Partial Least Square),PCR, 以及非线性PLS(NPLS,Non-linear PLS)等相比,预测明显的改善,文中还讨论了PCR主成分数及训练参数对预则模可能的影响。 相似文献
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主成分-人工神经网络在近红外光谱定量分析中的应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
近红外光谱的主成分由非线性迭代偏最小二乘法(NIPALS)求出。主成分作标准化处理后,作为B-P神经网络的输入结点进行非线性迭代。该法的优点是,充分利用了全光谱的数据,得到消除噪声后的最佳主成分,能建立非线性模型,B-P神经网络迭代时间显著缩短。用该法对大麦中的淀粉含量进行了定量分析研究。结果为:校准和预测的相关系数分别为0.981和0.953,校准和预测的相对标准偏差分别为1.70%和2.48%。 相似文献
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该文基于近红外漫反射光谱分析技术对食品包装材料聚乙烯、聚丙烯进行定性判别试验研究,选取不同波段范围、采用不同光谱预处理方法,使用主成分分析法(Principal component analysis,PCA)结合SIMCA、贝叶斯判别、K-近邻3种模式识别方法建立定性预测模型,并根据正确识别率比较了各模型预测性能。结果表明:使用SIMCA方法、贝叶斯判别、K-近邻3种方法建立的定性校正模型均在1 050~1 550 nm波长范围内效果较好;采用矢量归一化、标准正态变量变换、中心化、滑动均值滤波、多项式平滑滤波、一阶微分6种光谱预处理方法和上述3种模式识别方法对塑料样品近红外光谱进行了数据处理,其中在1 050~1 550 nm范围内,主成分因子数为3,采用原始光谱建立的K-近邻定性校正模型较优,对样品校正集和预测集的正确识别率均为100%。可为食品包装材料聚乙烯、聚丙烯的快速鉴别研究提供参考。 相似文献
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该文利用近红外光谱技术结合化学计量学方法开发了不同品种绿茶的无损鉴别方法。通过近红外光谱技术得到了8个品种绿茶样品的近红外光谱,比较了单一以及优化组合光谱预处理方法对光谱的影响,利用无监督的主成分分析(PCA)与有监督的线性判别分析方法(LDA)分别构建了茶叶品种鉴别模型。结果表明:对比单一预处理方法,优化组合预处理具有更优的鉴别准确性。标准正态变量变换预处理消除了茶叶样品大小不均造成的光谱散射影响,一阶导数预处理实现了变动背景的消除,减少了基线漂移的影响,突出了图谱中的有效信息,采用二者相结合的预处理方式并结合无监督的主成分分析法可实现较为准确的绿茶样品种类鉴别分析,准确率达75.0%。此外,采用有监督的线性判别分析方法处理原始光谱数据,可达到100%的鉴别准确率,但该方法需提供类别的先验知识。因此,采用近红外光谱技术和化学计量学相结合的手段可实现不同品种绿茶的快速无损鉴别。 相似文献
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主成分分析法用于中草药中微量元素含量的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
应用主成分分析法,结合SPSS统计软件,对7种中草药中微量元素的含量进行定量定性的综合评价。在综合评价中,由第一和第二主成分的累计方差贡献率达到74.76%。该研究为中草药的开发和利用提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(10):1286-1296
To investigate environmental effect on cultural materials, Fourier transform infrared technique (FTIR/ATR) was applied to analyze the silk aging process. Changes in chemical and conformational structures of silk fabric undergoing ultraviolet induced degradation were investigated. The IR spectra provided strong bands of photosensitive amide I, II, and III. For overlapping amide III region, both of the original and second-derivative IR spectra revealed that UV irradiation induced the structural transformation from β-sheet domain to β-turn conformation, which was supported by the increase of β-turn marker band at 1015 cm?1 associated with polyglycine. Additionally the reduced bands associated with (GlyAla)n segment at 1000 and 976 cm?1, and the decreased band at 1070 cm?1 related to β-sheet structure also illustrated the conformational transition. Furthermore, we applied a chemometric method of principal component analysis for the evaluation of silk degradation based on variations in amide I spectral region. The score plot using the first two principal components effectively summarized the general trend of silk-aging and revealed the quick degradation appeared in the initial stages (12 h and 24 h) and the 108-hr stage. This work provides a potential novel application of the infrared spectroscopy in noninvasive qualitative and quantitative investigation of silk degradation. 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(12):2209-2220
A method of principal component analysis was employed to authenticate genuine olive oil based on Raman spectroscopy, which can reliably distinguish olive oil from other types of oils and can also accurately identify the level of adulteration in a set of olive oil samples contaminated with 5% or more of other types of oils, such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, and corn oil. The method is very easy, effective, time-saving, and requires minimal sample preparation. Therefore, the method is a promising technique for the rapid authentication application of olive oil. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Analytical Letters for the following free supplemental resource(s): Additional text and table] 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(2):301-307
Based on near-infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy, multivariate calibration models for discarded automobile plastic were constructed using principal component analysis and clustering analysis to rapidly characterize four widely employed materials: polypropylene, polyethylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and polymethylmethacrylate with an accuracy rate of 97%. The method was shown to rapidly discriminate waste automobile plastic. 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(18):2833-2842
Traditional gene expression programming for classification is designed for binary decisions. Herein, projection discriminant analysis for direct multiclass categorization using gene expression programming is described. Gene expression programming was first employed to examine new synthetic variables that were built as nonlinear combinations of the original features. The data were projected on planes spanned by these new synthetic variables and the nearest centroid was employed to classify new samples. A new objective function was formulated to determine optimum synthetic variables. Direct multiclass categorization using a gene expression programming algorithm was used to classify six tea varieties analyzed by near infrared spectroscopy. Compared with traditional gene expression programming, principal component analysis, and linear discriminant analysis, direct multiclass categorization with gene expression programming algorithm was more efficient. Visual inspection of high dimensional data by this approach also facilitated classification and comprehension of data. 相似文献
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近红外光谱用于低温水结构的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用近红外光谱分析并结合拉曼光谱和分子动力学模拟研究了二甲基亚砜(DMSO)-水混合物中水在低温时的结构,对DMSO降低水冰点的机理进行了讨论.通过对不同DMSO含量混合物的近红外和拉曼光谱分析,发现了DMSO与水相互作用的光谱信息,表明DMSO与水在混合物中主要以摩尔比1∶2和2∶1的氢键结构(DW2和D2W)的形式存在,结构形式主要取决于DMSO和水在混合物中的比例.通过对水和30%(摩尔分数)DMSO-水混合物的温控近红外光谱分析,发现DW2结构抑制四面体水结构的形成是混合物冰点降低的主要原因.采用分子动力学模拟对DMSO-水混合物体系进行的模拟进一步证明了结论的可靠性. 相似文献