M0s2／C复合纳米管的合成

在900℃氢气气氛下，通过热分解载有硫代钼酸铵的碳纳米管前驱物得到MoS2／C复合纳米管．通过粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Ramart)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和X射线能量散射仪(EDS)等方法对其形貌、结构和成分进行了表征．结果表明，所合成物质是一种由两种材料组成管壁的新型纳米管.     

碳纳米管负载的Pd-Ag-Sn催化剂对甲酸的电氧化（英文）

采用硼氢化钠还原的方法合成了碳纳米管负载的钯基纳米催化剂(Pd/CNT,Pd_7Ag_3/CNT,Pd_7Sn_2/CNT,Pd_7Ag_1Sn_2/CNT,Pd_7Ag_2Sn_2/CNT和Pd_7Ag_3Sn_2/CNT)。通过XRD,TEM和XPS对其进行了表征,结果表明,相比Pd/CNT和Pd-Ag(或Pd-Sn)催化剂的纳米颗粒,Pd-Ag-Sn催化剂展现出了更小的平均颗粒尺寸(2.3 nm)。此外,还通过循环伏安(CV)和计时电流法(CA)测试了这些催化剂对甲酸氧化的电活性,在酸碱介质中,Pd-Ag-Sn/CNT对甲酸氧化都表现出了更高的电流密度。其中,Pd_7Ag_2Sn_2/CNT催化剂在酸碱介质中的电流密度分别是108.8和211.3 mA·cm~(-2),相应的Pd质量电流密度高达1 364和2 640 mA·mg~(-1),远远高于商业Pd/C,表明Pd-Ag-Sn/CNT催化剂对甲酸氧化表现出了极好的电催化活性。     

二硫化钼-硫化镍复合物修饰电极测定河水及饮用水中亚硝酸盐

使用一步水热合成法制备了二硫化钼-硫化镍(MoS2-NiS)复合物,然后将此复合物滴涂在玻碳电极(GCE)上制备了MoS2-NiS复合物修饰电极,记为MoS2-NiS/GCE,用于饮用水和河水中亚硝酸盐含量的电化学测定.选择的电化学工作参数如下:① 以MoS2-NiS/GCE为工作电极,电解液为0.1 mol·L-1磷...     

MoS2的水热合成及其润滑性能

利用水热合成法在相对较低的反应温度(200 ℃)和较短的反应时间(24 h)内合成了MoS2.采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了合成的纳米MoS2的结构.同商品MoS2（平均颗粒直径为3～5 μm）进行了摩擦学性能对比，并利用俄歇电子能谱(AES)深度剖析和XPS分析了MoS2作为润滑剂在钢磨损表面的粘着成膜作用及润滑机理.结果表明,该水热合成的产品具有较商品MoS2更低的摩擦系数，适合在大载荷、长时间工作状况下使用.     

ZnO-聚苯胺同轴纳米线及其列阵的制备和表征

以阳极氧化铝膜 (AAO)作模板 ,制备聚苯胺 (PANI)纳米管和PANI纳米管列阵 ;同时利用溶胶_凝胶法制备ZnO_PANI同轴纳米线和同轴纳米线列阵 .PANI纳米管和ZnO_PANI同轴纳米线的形貌通过透射电子显微镜表征 .PANI纳米管的外径约 3 0nm ,内径约 1 0nm ;ZnO_PANI同轴纳米线直径约 60nm .实验发现 ,较之ZnO纳米线 ,同轴AAO模板中纳米线列阵的可见光发射谱带兰移 ,强度显著增强 ,这可能和PANI链上的NH基团与表面Zn2 +离子之间的相互作用有关 ,以及由于ZnO纳米微粒在PANI上富集、PANI的光生载流子部分转移给ZnO微粒所致 .实验还发现分散在NaOH溶液中的同轴纳米线 ,其可见光发射谱带比AAO模板中同轴纳米线的谱带兰移更甚     

L-半胱氨酸修饰Ag-nano-TiO2/CNT复合膜电极的制备及其对苯乙酮的电催化还原

在nano-TiO2/CNT电极表面镀一层银,制备了Ag-nano-TiO2/CNT电极.用L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)修饰Agnano-TiO2/CNT制备了L-Cys-Ag-nano-TiO2/CNT 电极.研究了Ag-nano-TiO2/CNT和L-cys-Ag-nano-TiO2/CNT的电化学性质,结果表明,L-Cys-Ag-nano-TiO2/CNT对苯乙酮有较强的催化还原作用.     

XPS Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Supported CoMo Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts

In this paper, the effect of catalytic support and sulfiding method on the chemical state of supported Co-Mo catalysts is studied by XPS. After sulfidation with in-situ method, the majority of molybdenum in CNT supported CoMo catalyst is transferred to a species with a formal chemical state Mo(Ⅳ) in MoS2 phase, and the rest to Mo(Ⅴ) which consists of Mo coordinated both to O and S, such as MoO2S2^2- and MoO3S^2-. In case of CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst sulfided with in-situ method, a fraction of molybdenum is transferred to formal state Mo(Ⅳ) in the form of MoS2, but there is still a mount of unreduced Mo(VI) phase which is difficult to be sulfided. In CoMo/CNT catalyric system sulfided with ex-situ method, Mo(IV) in the form of MoS2 is detected along with a portion of unreduced Mo(VI) phase, suggesting that not all the Mo phases are reduced and sulfided by ex-situ method. As for CoMo/γ-Al2O3, a portion of molybdenum is sulfided to intermediate reduced state Mo(V) which consists of Mo coordinated both to O and S, such as MoO2S2^2- and MoO3S^2-, in addition, there is still a fraction of unreduced Mo(Ⅵ)phase. XPS analyses results suggest that CNT support facilitates the reduction and sulfidation of active species to a large extent, and that alumina support strongly interacts with active species, hereby producing a fraction of phase which resists complete sulfiding. Catalytic measurements of catalysts in the HDS of dibenzothiophene (DBT) show that CoMo/CNT catalysts are of higher HDS activity and selectivity than CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, which is in good relation with the sulfiding behavior of the corresponding catalyst.     

二硫化钼包覆聚丙烯隔膜在锂硫电池中的应用

采用水热法合成片层状二硫化钼(MoS2),不添加黏结剂,通过简单真空抽滤将MoS2包覆在聚丙烯微孔隔膜(Celgard)上,从而提高锂硫电池的性能。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、比表面积孔隙度及化学吸附分析仪(BET)对MoS2进行了形貌和物性测试,使用电化学工作站和电池测试系统对锂硫电池进行电化学性能表征,研究了MoS2包覆隔膜对锂硫电池穿梭效应的抑制效果。结果表明:MoS2包覆Celgard隔膜通过吸附多硫化锂和阻挡多硫化锂的穿梭,可以有效抑制锂硫电池的穿梭效应,在400mA/g电流密度下,首圈容量达到1 010mA·h/g,循环150圈后容量为432mA·h/g,性能明显优于使用空白商用Celgard隔膜的锂硫电池。     

磁电CoFe2O4/BaTiO3纳米管的溶胶-凝胶模板法合成和表征

用溶胶-凝胶模板法合成了CoFe2O4/BaTiO3(CFO/BTO)复合纳米管, 管的直径约为100、200和300 nm, 其长度约为100 μm. X射线衍射(XRD)和选区电子衍射(SAED)都显示复合纳米管中同时存在尖晶石相的CoFe2O4 (CFO)和钙钛矿相的BaTiO3(BTO), 进一步的透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究证实合成的纳米复合物具有明显的管状结构. 磁、电研究表明, 该复合纳米管的磁性与纯CFO纳米管的磁性相当; 而铁电性与纯BTO纳米管的铁电性相当.     

过渡金属掺杂和碳纳米管（CNT）接枝双重改性TiO2光催化剂

提出了一种过渡金属掺杂和碳纳米管(CNT)双重改性TiO2的新方法:首先采用溶胶-凝胶法合成掺杂镍和铁的二氧化钛基催化剂,然后采用流化床化学气相沉积方法(FBCVD)在二氧化钛基催化剂表面接枝生长CNT,得到CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO2复合光催化剂.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、比表面分析、拉曼光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等方法考察了双重改性复合光催化剂CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO2的结构和性能,通过降解亚甲基蓝溶液评价了双重改性复合光催化剂的活性.结果表明,在TiO2表面接枝的CNT具有较好的石墨化结构,CNT生长过程中小部分TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石晶型转变.过渡金属和CNT双重改性有效地克服了TiO2的比表面积小、量子效率低等缺点,明显提高了TiO2的光催化活性.     

表面活性剂对TiO_2/CNT苯酚与碳酸二甲酯酯交换活性的影响

以表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）改性的碳纳米管为载体,制备了TiO2/CNT催化剂,用于苯酚与碳酸二甲酯酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯的反应.采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）对改性前后催化剂的结构和形貌进行了表征,显示出负载后的催化剂中活性组分二氧化钛以无定形...     

Pt-MoOx/CNT电极的制备及其对乙醇氧化电催化性能研究

MoOx,a non-noble secondary catalyst instead of noble metal Ru,was dispersed on carbon nanotubes(CNT)andthen the primary catalyst Pt was electrodeposited on MoO_x/CNT/graphite electrode by potential-step method.CNTused was grown directly on graphite disk by chemical vapor deposition.The Pt-MoO_x/CNT/graphite electrode wascharacterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The electrocatalyticproperty and the long-term cyclic stability of Pt-MoO_x/CNT/graphite electrode for ethanol oxidation have been in-vestigated in 1.0 mol/L CH_3CH_2OH 0.1 mol/L H_2SO_4 by cyclic voltammetry.On the other hand,the effect of theloading mass of MoO_x on specific activity of Pt-MoO_x/CNT/graphite electrode and the activation energy of ethanoloxidation were investigated.The Pt-MoO_x/CNT/graphite electrode shows good long-term cyclic stability.82%value of peak current density at the oxidation peak around 0.69 V(vs.SCE)remains after 500 cycles,which ishigher than those of Pt/CNT/graphite and Pt-Ru/CNT/graphite electrodes with the corresponding values of 55% and72%,respectively.     

基于碳纳米管－聚苯胺纳米复合物的超级电容器研究

为了提高碳纳米管的比容, 采用化学原位聚合的方法在碳纳米管的表面包覆聚苯胺, 制备碳纳米管-聚苯胺纳米复合物. 运用TEM和IR对样品进行了表征. 通过循环伏安研究样品的电化学特性. 利用恒流充放电考察基于碳纳米管-聚苯胺复合物超级电容器的性能. 在相同实验条件下, 对碳纳米管进行了比较分析. 实验结果表明, 在电流密度为10 mA/cm²时, 碳纳米管和碳纳米管-聚苯胺复合物的比容分别为52和201 F/g. 基于碳纳米管-聚苯胺纳米复合物的超级电容器的能量密度达到6.97 Wh/kg, 并且具有良好的功率特性.     

碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体的制备和表征

通过将不同直径的ZnO纳米颗粒与碳纳米管连接制备了碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体. 将团聚的ZnO纳米颗粒分散并用表面活性剂CTAB使纳米颗粒带正电. 化学氧化碳纳米管使其带负电. ZnO/CTAB微团通过碳管表面羧基与CTAB的静电作用与碳纳米管连接形成纳米复合体. 研究了复合体形成的不同实验条件, 表征了碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体的结构并研究了纳米复合体的光学特性. 研究表明, 与碳纳米管连接的ZnO纳米颗粒是互不连接的并保持量子点的特性. 光致发光研究表明ZnO纳米颗粒的激发在纳米复合体中有淬灭.     

层层自组装法制备碳纳米管/酶多层膜电极及其检测酚类物质

将十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）分散的碳纳米管(CNTs)和辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)通过层层组装方法构筑HRP多层膜酶电极,并将其用于酚类物质的分析检测研究。紫外-可见光谱表明,SDS分散的CNTs可与HRP均匀有效地组装构筑多层酶膜。电化学研究表明,CNTs的引入很好地提高了HRP电极的灵敏度;随着CNTs/HRP组装层数的增加,电极的电化学响应增加。研究结果表明该HRP电极对酚类物质（邻苯二酚、对苯二酚和苯酚）的分析检测具有宽的线性范围、好的灵敏度和抗干扰性。     

Barium Titanate-reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber: Synergy Effect of Carbon-based Secondary Filler

Acrylonitrile rubber(NBR) composites filled with barium titanate(BT) were prepared using an internal mixer and a two-roll mill. Also, a secondary filler, namely carbon nanotubes(CNT), was added in order to find a potential synergistic blend ratio of BT and CNT. The cure characteristics, tensile and dielectric properties(dielectric constant and dielectric loss) of the composites were determined. It was found that NBR/BT composites with CNT secondary filler, at a proper BT:CNT ratio, exhibited shorter scorch time(t_(s1)) and cure time(t_(c90)) together with superior tensile properties and reinforcement efficiency, relative to the one with only the primary filler. In addition, the NBR/BT-CNT composite with 80 phr BT and 1-2 phr CNT had dielectric constant of 100-500, dielectric loss of 12-100 and electrical conductivity below 10~(-4) S/m together with high thermal stability. Thus, with a proper BT:CNT mix and filler loading, we can produce mechanically superior rubber composites that are easy to process and low-cost, for flexible dielectric materials application.     

新型二元相MoS2/C纳米管的合成和机理研究

在900 ℃氢气气氛下, 通过热分解载有硫代钼酸铵的碳纳米管前驱物得到MoS₂/C二元相纳米管. 通过粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线能量散射仪(EDS)等方法对其形貌、结构和成分进行了表征. 结果表明, 我们合成了一种由两种材料组成管壁的新型纳米管, 并对其形成机理进行了研究.     

A Carbon Nanotube Layered Electrode for the Construction of the Wired Bilirubin Oxidase Oxygen Cathode

Oxidatively treated carbon nanotubes were coated on a glassy carbon surface to form a CNT‐layer. On the CNT‐layered GC surface, a redox hydrogel film of the copolymer, of polyacryamide and poly(N‐vinylimidazole) complexed with [Os(4,4′‐dichloro‐2,2′‐bipyridine)₂Cl]^+/2+ wiring bilirubin oxidase was immobilized. A good contact was achieved between the hydrogel film and the hydrophilic CNT‐layer with carboxylated CNTs. The prepared bilirubin oxidase cathode on the CNT‐layer was employed for the electrocatalytic reduction of O₂, and enhanced current and stability were observed. Electron transfers from the electrode surface O₂ molecules were analyzed. The optimal composition of the enzyme, redox polymer, and cross‐linker in the catalyst and the thickness of the CNT‐layer were determined.     

Sensitive determination of hydrazine using poly(phenolphthalein), Au nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode

This study reports a detailed analysis of an electrode material containing poly(phenolphthalein), carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles which shows superior catalytic effect towards to hydrazine oxidation in Britton–Robinson buffer (pH 10.0). Glassy carbon electrode was modified by electropolymerization of phenolphthalein (PP) monomer (poly(PP)/GCE) and the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was dropped on the surface. This modified surface was electrodeposited with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs/CNT/poly(PP)/GCE). The fabricated electrode was analysed the determination of hydrazine using cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry and amperometry. The peak potential of hydrazine oxidation on bare GCE, poly(PP)/GCE, CNT/GCE, CNT/poly(PP)/GCE, and AuNPs/CNT/poly(PP)/GCE were observed at 596 mV, 342 mV, 320 mV, 313 mV, and 27 mV, respectively. A shift in the overpotential to more negative direction and an enhancement in the peak current indicated that the AuNPs/CNT/poly(PP)/GC electrode presented an efficient electrocatalytic activity toward oxidation of hydrazine. Modified electrodes were characterized with High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Amperometric current responses in the low hydrazine concentration range of 0.25–13 µM at the AuNPs/CNT/poly(PP)/GCE. The limit of detection (LOD) value was obtained to be 0.083 µM. A modified electrode was applied to naturel samples for hydrazine determination.     

聚乙烯链在碳纳米管侧壁吸附的动力学模拟研究

利用经典的分子动力学模拟方法对聚乙烯(PE)分子在两种不同类型的碳纳米管(CNT)中的吸附进行了研究. 计算了两者之间的扩散系数和相互作用能; 利用PE链自身的扭转角分布和取向参数对PE链构象进行了分析. 结果表明, PE链可以在CNT上很好的吸附, 且PE的构象和吸附位置主要与温度和CNT的半径有关, 与管的类型关系不大.