在线协同写作的人类动力学分析

对人类在线行为模式的探讨是近年来人类动力学研究的热点.基于维基百科数据,文章针对一类重要且普遍的在线行为--在线协同写作,进行时间统计特性分析和内容更新统计分析.实证显示在线协同写作时间间隔分布呈多尺度特征,1 min到30 min和30 min到24 h两个时间段上时间间隔分别服从指数为1.62和1.16的幂律分布,而大于24 h的时间间隔服从形如F(τ)∝τ^{－b－alog(τ)}的累积分布.分析表明 关键词： 在线协同写作 人类动力学 多尺度特征 维基百科     

《光学学报》关键词规范

本刊所刊登学术论文必须在摘要后列出不少于四个关键词。第一个关键词列出该文章主要工作所属学科名称。第二个关键词列出该文研究得到的成果名称。第三个关键词列出该文在得到上述成果或结论时采用的科学研究方法的具体名称。第四个关键词列出前三个关键词没有出现的,但是被该文作为主要研究对象的事或物质的名称。如有需要,第五、第六个关键词等列出作者认为有利于检索和文献利用的其他关键词。     

《光学学报》关键词规范

本刊所刊登学术论文必须在摘要后列出不少于四个关键词。第一个关键词列出该文章主要工作所属学科名称。第二个关键词列出该文研究得到的成果名称。第三个关键词列出该文在得到上述成果或结论时采用的科学研究方法的具体名称。第四个关键词列出前三个关键词没有出现的 ,但是被该文作为主要研究对象的事或物质的名称。如有需要 ,第五、第六个关键词等列出作者认为有利于检索和文献利用的其他关键词。为了使作者在撰写论文时更准确地选择第一关键词 ,本刊特推荐以下学科名称 (34个 ) ,请作者从中选用。大气与海洋光学Atmosphericandoceanopti…     

规范关键词的选择

据国家标准关键词的定义 :关键词是为了文献标引工作而从报告、论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容信息款目的单词和术语。一篇论文所列关键词之间应有一定逻辑组合关系 ,通过这种逻辑组合 ,提示论文主题内容。单词 :是指只包含一个词素 (语言中最小的有意的单位 )的词或语言里最小的 ,可以自由运用的单位。术语 :指某学科中的专门用语。应在摘要后列出 ,每篇论文不少于 4个。从技术角度考虑 ,没有关键词的论文应列入非学术论文类。这些关键词应按以下顺序选择 :第 1个关键词应列出该文主要工作内容或内容所属二级学科名称。第 2个关键词应…     

规范关键词的选择

据国家标准关键词的定义 :关键词是为了文献标引工作而从报告、论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容信息款目的单词和术语。一篇论文所列关键词之间应有一定逻辑组合关系 ,通过这种逻辑组合 ,提示论文主题内容。单词 :是指只包含一个词素 (语言中最小的有意的单位 )的词或语言里最小的 ,可以自由运用的单位。术语 :指某学科中的专门用语。应在摘要后列出 ,每篇论文不少于 4个。从技术角度考虑 ,没有关键词的论文应列入非学术论文类。这些关键词应按以下顺序选择 :第 1个关键词应列出该文主要工作内容或内容所属二级学科名称。第 2个关键词应…     

敬告作者

为了提高学术期刊英文摘要和关键词的质量 ,中国科协学会技术部最近通知 ,对学术论文的英文摘要和关键词的写法提出了新的要求 :一、英文摘要应重点包括 4个要素 ,即研究目的、方法、结果和结论。在这 4个要素中 ,后 2个是最重要的。英文摘要的句型力求简单 ,通常应有 10个左右意义完整、语句顺畅的句子。二、关键词1.发表在中国科协系统学术期刊中所有学术论文 ,必须在摘要后列出不少于 4个关键词。从技术角度考虑 ,没有关键词的论文应列入非学术论文类。2 .这些关键词按以下顺序选择 :第一个关键词列出该文主要工作或内容所属三级学科名称…     

规范关键词的选择

据国家标准关键词的定义:关键词是为了文献标引工作而从报告、论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容信息款目的单词和术语。一篇论文所列关键词之间应有一定逻辑组合关系,通过这种逻辑组合,提示论文主题内容。单词:是指只包含一个词素(语言中最小的有意的单位)的词或语言里最小的,可以自由运用的单位。术语:指某学科中的专门用语。应在摘要后列出,每篇论文不少于4个。从技术角度考虑,没有关键词的论文应列入非学术论文类。这些关键词应按以下顺序选择:第1个关键词应列出该文主要工作内容或内容所属二级学科名称。第2个关键词应列出该文研究得…     

规范关键词的选择

据国家标准关键词的定义:关键词是为了文献标引工作而从报告、论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容信息款目的单词和术语。一篇论文所列关键词之间应有一定逻辑组合关系,通过这种逻辑组合,提示论文主题内容。单词:是指只包含一个词素(语言中最小的有意的单位)的词或语言里最小的,可以自由运用的单位。术语:指某学科中的专门用语。应在摘要后列出,每篇论文不少于4个。从技术角度考虑,没有关键词的论文应列入非学术论文类。这些关键词应按以下顺序选择:第1个关键词应列出该文主要工作内容或内容所属二级学科名称。第2个关键词应列出该文研究得…     

规范关键词的选择

据国家标准关键词的定义:关键词是为了文献标引工作而从报告、论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容信息款目的单词和术语。一篇论文所列关键词之间应有一定逻辑组合关系,通过这种逻辑组合,提示论文主题内容。单词:是指只包含一个词素(语言中最小的有意的单位)的词或语言里最小的,可以自由运用的单位。术语:指某学科中的专门用语。应在摘要后列出,每篇论文不少于4个。从技术角度考虑,没有关键词的论文应列入非学术论文类。这些关键词应按以下顺序选择:第1个关键词应列出该文主要工作内容或内容所属二级学科名称。第2个关键词应列出该文研究得…     

科技期刊手稿的撰写要求(续)

2.4关键词 在文摘下面,作者应提供3～8个关键词或短语,以概括文章的主要内容,有助于情报检索。关键词应尽可能采用词表中的叙词。如在最新版本的词表中没有相应的词,可以使用本学科当前常用的词语(自由词)。 2.5目次表     

国家自然科学基金工程热物理与能源利用学科研究方向与关键词修订

2021年国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部工程热物理与能源利用学科对学科代码下的研究方向和关键词进行了梳理和修订,调整了学科资助布局,合并了相近的研究方向,删除了不恰当的研究方向,增加了反映新趋势的研究方向,精炼了各研究方向下的关键词,使研究方向和关键词更加全面合理.通过本次修订进一步厘清了学科的内涵和外延,有利...     

A Method of Domain Dictionary Construction for Electric Vehicles Disassembly

Currently, there is no domain dictionary in the field of electric vehicles disassembly and other domain dictionary construction algorithms do not accurately extract terminology from disassembly text, because the terminology is complex and variable. Herein, the construction of a domain dictionary for the disassembly of electric vehicles is a research work that has important research significance. Extracting high-quality keywords from text and categorizing them widely uses information mining, which is the basis of named entity recognition, relation extraction, knowledge questions and answers and other disassembly domain information recognition and extraction. In this paper, we propose a supervised learning dictionary construction algorithm based on multi-dimensional features that combines different features of extraction candidate keywords from the text of each scientific study. Keywords recognition is regarded as a binary classification problem using the LightGBM model to filter each keyword, and then expand the domain dictionary based on the pointwise mutual information value between keywords and its category. Here, we make use of Chinese disassembly manuals, patents and papers in order to establish a general corpus about the disassembly information and then use our model to mine the disassembly parts, disassembly tools, disassembly methods, disassembly process, and other categories of disassembly keywords. The experiment evidenced that our algorithms can significantly improve extraction and category performance better than traditional algorithms in the disassembly domain. We also investigated the performance algorithms and attempts to describe them. Our work sets a benchmark for domain dictionary construction in the field of disassembly of electric vehicles that is based on the newly developed dataset using a multi-class terminology classification.     

Empirical analysis on a keyword-based semantic system

Keywords in scientific articles have found their significance in information filtering and classification. In this article, we empirically investigated statistical characteristics and evolutionary properties of keywords in a very famous journal, namely Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America (PNAS), including frequency distribution, temporal scaling behavior, and decay factor. The empirical results indicate that the keyword frequency in PNAS approximately follows a Zipf’s law with exponent 0.86. In addition, there is a power-low correlation between the cumulative number of distinct keywords and the cumulative number of keyword occurrences. Extensive empirical analysis on some other journals’ data is also presented, with decaying trends of most popular keywords being monitored. Interestingly, top journals from various subjects share very similar decaying tendency, while the journals of low impact factors exhibit completely different behavior. Those empirical characters may shed some light on the in-depth understanding of semantic evolutionary behaviors. In addition, the analysis of keyword-based system is helpful for the design of corresponding recommender systems.     

Bibliography on quantum logics and related structures

The bibliography contains 1851 references on axiomatic structures underlying quantum mechanics, with stress on varieties of algebraico-logical, probabilistic, and operational structures for which the term quantum logics is adopted. An index of about 250 keywords picked out from the titles is included and statistics about papers, journals, and authors are presented. Monographs and proceedings on the subject are noted.     

The foreign language cocktail party problem: Energetic and informational masking effects in non-native speech perception

Studies comparing native and non-native listener performance on speech perception tasks can distinguish the roles of general auditory and language-independent processes from those involving prior knowledge of a given language. Previous experiments have demonstrated a performance disparity between native and non-native listeners on tasks involving sentence processing in noise. However, the effects of energetic and informational masking have not been explicitly distinguished. Here, English and Spanish listener groups identified keywords in English sentences in quiet and masked by either stationary noise or a competing utterance, conditions known to produce predominantly energetic and informational masking, respectively. In the stationary noise conditions, non-native talkers suffered more from increasing levels of noise for two of the three keywords scored. In the competing talker condition, the performance differential also increased with masker level. A computer model of energetic masking in the competing talker condition ruled out the possibility that the native advantage could be explained wholly by energetic masking. Both groups drew equal benefit from differences in mean F0 between target and masker, suggesting that processes which make use of this cue do not engage language-specific knowledge.     

Evidence against the mismatched interlanguage speech intelligibility benefit hypothesis

In a follow-up study to that of Bent and Bradlow (2003), carrier sentences containing familiar keywords were read aloud by five talkers (Korean high proficiency; Korean low proficiency; Saudi Arabian high proficiency; Saudi Arabian low proficiency; native English). The intelligibility of these keywords to 50 listeners in four first language groups (Korean, n = 10; Saudi Arabian, n = 10; native English, n = 10; other mixed first languages, n = 20) was measured in a word recognition test. In each case, the non-native listeners found the non-native low-proficiency talkers who did not share the same first language as the listeners the least intelligible, at statistically significant levels, while not finding the low-proficiency talker who shared their own first language similarly unintelligible. These findings indicate a mismatched interlanguage speech intelligibility detriment for low-proficiency non-native speakers and a potential intelligibility problem between mismatched first language low-proficiency speakers unfamiliar with each others' accents in English. There was no strong evidence to support either an intelligibility benefit for the high-proficiency non-native talkers to the listeners from a different first language background or to indicate that the native talkers were more intelligible than the high-proficiency non-native talkers to any of the listeners.     

The role of entropy in word ranking

Entropy as a measure of complexity in the systems has been applied for ranking the words in the human written texts. We introduce a novel approach to evaluate accuracy for retrieved indices. We also have an illustrative comparison between proposed entropic metrics and some other methods in extracting the keywords. It seems that, some of the discussed metrics apply similar features for word ranking in the text. This work recommend the entropy as a systematic measure in text mining.     

A neural network model as a globally coupled map and applications based on chaos

First, a neural network model as the globally coupled map (GCM) is proposed. The model is obtained by modification of a Hopfield network model that has a negative self-feedback connection. Second, information processed by this model is interpreted in terms of the variety of the maps acting on the network elements, and a new, dynamic information processing model is described. The search for information using vague keywords, and solution of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) are introduced as applications.     

Bibliometric Mapping of Literature on High-Entropy/Multicomponent Alloys and Systematic Review of Emerging Applications

High-entropy/multicomponent alloy (HEA/MCA) has received significant research attention in the last decade. There is a dearth of data-driven works dedicated to assessing and visualizing the HEA/MCA literature from a global perspective. To this end, we present the first bibliometric literature analysis of more than 3500 HEA/MCA articles, published between 2004 and 2021, in the Scopus database. We identify the most prolific authors, their collaborators, institutions, and most prominent research outlet. Co-occurrence networks of keywords are mapped and analyzed. A steep rise in research outputs is observed from 2013, when the number of annual publications doubled the previous years. The top five preferred research outlets include Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Materials Science and Engineering A, Scripta Materialia, Intermetallics, and Acta Materialia. Most of these publications emanate from researchers and institutions within China, USA, and Germany, although international scientific collaboration among them is lacking. Research gaps and future research directions are proposed, based on co-occurrence frequencies of author keywords. Finally, a brief systematic review of emerging applications, covering hydrogen storage, additive manufacturing, catalysis, and superconductivity, is undertaken. This work provides an important comprehensive reference guide for researchers to deepen their knowledge of the field and pursue new research directions.     

Bibliometric analysis of core journals which publish articles of physical therapy on aging

Objective. Increase in population''s longevity has led to considerable efforts worldwide on physical therapy aging research. The aim of this study is to identify which are the main scientific journals, as well as the most productive authors, institutions and keywords related to the journals, that have published about physical therapy and aging. Methods. Original articles published from 1990 to 2014 were retrieved from the bibliographic database Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection. After standardization of the bibliographic information, a series of bibliometric indicators was obtained regarding authors, institutions, citation and keywords of the core journals using bibliometric software. The PAJEK network analysis program was used for graphic representation. Results. A total of 2,237 original articles are included in this analysis. The number of identified journals is 573, with an average growth of publishing journals throughout the studied period of 9.41%. Bradford''s distribution shows 12 core journals, out of which 41.67% have published constantly all throughout the 25-year period, being the most productive one Physical Therapy. Fritz, Julie M is the most productive author, and University of Sydney the most productive institution. The keyword exercise is used in an outstanding way. Conclusions. The productivity trends provided an indication of the greater scientific interest of physical therapy in aging as a line of research. Collectively, the data indicated that physical therapy-specific journals are being consolidated but non-specific are still a significant research source, and that a fundamental element of their research includes exercise and movement.