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基于构形理论和■理论,对"+"形高导热通道的方形构造体开展导热实验研究,并对不同优化目标和不同高导热通道布置形式下的构造体导热性能进行比较.结果表明:对于"+"形高导热通道的方形构造体,实验和数值计算所得到的构造体最高温度点均位于"+"形高导热通道两分支之间,实验和数值计算所得到的构造体平均温差和■耗散率的误差均在可接受范围内,这从定性和定量的角度证明了导热构形优化结果的正确性.与"H"形高导热通道的方形构造体相比,构造体内高导热通道采用一级"+"形布置使得其导热■耗散率得到降低.■耗散率最小的一级"+"形高导热通道构造体最优构形与最大温差最小的构造体最优构形相比,前者的导热■耗散率降低了5.98%,但最大温差提高了3.57%.最大温差最小目标有助于提高构造体的热安全性,■耗散率最小目标有助于提高构造体的整体导热性能.在保证热安全性能的前提下,实际微电子器件设计中可采用■耗散率最小的构造体最优构形以提高其整体导热性能. 相似文献
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本文提出了一种全被动聚光式太阳能蒸馏器。它不包含单独的集热器,而是集聚光和集热过程于一体,在嵌入到土壤里的蒸馏器中进行海水淡化.本文通过分析该蒸馏器的几何光学特性,得到了聚光器的最优化结构,并得出结论:在低纬度地方,绝大部分太阳光入射角度下装置的接收率大于95%。另外,本文通过分析蒸馏器内部的传热传质过程,得到了装置产水量在稳态条件下随太阳辐照度变化的曲线。理论计算结果表明,在辐照度为800 W·m~(-2)的稳定光照下,装置单位蒸发而积产水速率为0.2475 g·m~(-2)·s~(-1),产水效率约为45.5%。 相似文献
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介电电容器具有超高功率密度、低损耗以及高工作电压等优点,是广泛应用于电子电力系统的关键储能器件.铁电聚合物是发展高储能密度电介质薄膜材料的理想选择,而基于铁电聚合物的纳米复合材料则兼具了聚合物的高击穿场强、柔性、易加工等特点以及陶瓷的高介电性能,是近年来电介质储能材料研究的前沿与热点.本文首先介绍了铁电聚合物材料的制备、铁电性能以及极化特性的调控方法,随后总结了铁电聚合物纳米复合材料中纳米填料、复合结构以及界面三个关键调控策略对复合材料介电与储能性能的影响,并探讨了基于相场方法的纳米复合材料中介电与储能特性的微观机制研究,最后对高储能密度铁电聚合物纳米复合材料现存问题以及未来发展方向进行了总结与展望. 相似文献
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太阳能甲醇分解能量转换机理实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过太阳能分解甲醇燃料实验,来研究太阳能与化石燃料互补的能源利用系统的能量转换新机理,揭示减少燃料化学能释放过程(火用)损失和提升太阳热能品位的本质,并得到基于实验的量化依据。实验研究了反应过程能量品位关联机理和效果,并揭示了主要因素影响规律。太阳热能温度的升高,有利于分解反应的进行,但温度过高会负面影响品位提升的效果,260℃左右是较合理的;与太阳能甲醇分解反应装置规模对应的进料量条件是影响能量转换过程的关键因素,也将影响太阳热能品位提升效果。研究成果将为开拓太阳能与化石能源互补的能量系统提供理论支撑和实验数据。 相似文献
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本文通过实验测试与数值预测结合研究了平纹、斜纹树脂基碳纤维复合材料的各向异性传热性能.实验方面,采用基于电加热膜加热的稳态“三明治”结构进行测试,得到了材料厚度与面内方向导热系数随温度的变化规律.模拟方面,观测复合材料内部微观结构,重构建立了代表性单胞模型,在三维方向分别模拟其一维稳态导热过程来预测材料不同方向的导热系... 相似文献
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In this article, an experimental study of a modified stepped solar still with internal and external reflectors and an external condenser is presented. A suction fan is connected with the still to withdraw water vapor. A comparison between the modified stepped solar still and the conventional solar still is conducted. It is found that the productivity of the stepped still with a condenser and with both reflectors and a condenser are about 66% and 165% higher than that of the conventional still, respectively. Finally, the cost of 1 L of distillate for the modified stepped solar still and conventional solar still is estimated. 相似文献
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通过引入添加剂,调节腐蚀溶液的pH值,实现了一步法制备黑硅表面. 在取得低表面反射率的同时,减小了黑硅层的腐蚀深度,对于16 min腐蚀的黑硅层,其表面加权平均反射率可达5%(300~1200 nm),但腐蚀深仅约为200 nm. 减小腐蚀深度能够降低黑硅太阳电池的表面复合速率,从而提高太阳电池性能,尤其是开路电压及填充因子. 以新腐蚀液制备的黑硅为衬底,在常规太阳电池产线上制备大面积p-Si黑硅太阳电池,实现了15.63%的转换效率,具有高的开路电压(624.32 mV)和填充因子(77.88%),改进了大面积黑硅太阳电池的性能. 相似文献
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采用VHF-PECVD技术制备了系列不同硅烷浓度和反应气压的微晶硅薄膜.运用拉曼散射光谱和 x射线衍射对制备的材料进行了结构分析.在实验研究的范围内,制备材料的晶化程度随硅烷 浓度的增加而降低.XRD的测试结果表明:制备的微晶硅材料均体现了(220)方向择优.应用在 电池的有源层中,制备出了效率达7.1%的单结微晶硅太阳电池,电池的结构是glass/ZnO/p( μc-Si:H)/i(μc-Si:H)/n(a-Si:H/Al),没有ZnO背反射电极,有源层的厚度仅为1.2μm.
关键词:
本征微晶硅薄膜
拉曼光谱
x射线衍射 相似文献
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Advantages of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well solar cells with stepped-thickness quantum wells
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InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) solar cells with stepped-thickness quantum wells (SQW) are designed and grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The stepped-thickness quantum wells structure, in which the well thickness becomes smaller and smaller along the growth direction, reveals better crystalline quality and better spectral overlap with the solar spectrum. Consequently, the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and conversion efficiency of the solar cell are enhanced by 27.12% and 56.41% compared with the conventional structure under illumination of AM1.5G (100 mW/cm2). In addition, approaches to further promote the performance of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well solar cells are discussed and presented. 相似文献
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为了检测太阳能电池的缺陷,建立了太阳能电池板的电致发光(EL)图像与其缺陷类型间的神经网络预测模型,可以对太阳能电池板不同类型缺陷进行自适应检测。首先,采用主成分分量分析(PCA)算法对电致发光(EL)图像训练样本集降维;然后,将降维后得到的数据输入神经网络预测模型进行学习,对模型的参数进行优化选取;最后,将训练好的网络对测试样本集进行仿真。仿真结果表明:在采用相同的训练样本集和测试样本集条件下,与反向传播神经网络(BPNN)相比,径向基神经网络(RBFNN)具有全局最优特性,结构简单,最高识别率达96.25%,计算时间较短,能满足在线检测的要求。 相似文献
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Hossein Movla 《Optik》2014
Chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se (CIGS) is a very promising material for thin film photovoltaics and offers a number of interesting advantages compared to the bulk silicon devices. CIGS absorbers today have a typical thickness of about 1–2 μm. However, on the way toward mass production, it will be necessary to reduce the thickness even further. This paper indicates a numerical study to optimization of CIGS based thin film solar cells. An optimum value of the thickness of this structure has been calculated and it is shown that by optimizing the thickness of the cell efficiency has been increases and cost of production can be reduces. Numerical optimizations have been done by adjusting parameters such as the combination of band gap and mismatch as well as the specific structure of the cell. It is shown that by optimization of the considered structure, open circuit voltage increases and an improvement of conversion efficiency has been observed in comparison to the conventional CIGS system. Capacitance–voltage characteristics and depletion region width versus applied voltage for optimized cell and typical cell has been calculated which simulation results predict that by reducing cell layers in the optimized cell structure, there is no drastically changes in depletion layer profile versus applied voltage. From the simulation results it was found that by optimization of the considered structure, optimized value of CIGS and transparent conductive oxide thickness are 0.3 μm and 20 nm and also an improvement of conversion efficiency has been observed in comparison to the conventional CIGS which cell efficiency increases from 17.65 % to 20.34%, respectively. 相似文献