强阳离子多孔整体柱用于生物大分子的分离

以乙烯基酯树脂为单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EDMA)为交联剂,过二硫酸钾为引发剂,泊洛沙姆(PF127)为乳化剂,由原位聚合制备了聚(乙烯基酯树脂-二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯)整体柱,柱材由油包水(W/O)高内相比乳液聚合而得。用扫描电镜和压汞法考察了所得整体柱的结构及孔径分布情况。将该聚合物衍生化处理后制成强阳离子整体柱,考察其用于液相色谱中的分离能力。该柱可快速分离鸡蛋清中的溶菌酶,考察了缓冲盐浓度及pH对溶菌酶在柱上保留行为的影响;测定了该柱对溶菌酶的吸附能力,最大吸附量为1.23mg/g。     

Novel Strong Cation‐exchange Monolithic Column Using Poly(vinyl ester resin) as Stationary Phase Materials for Lysozyme Separation by HPLC

本实验合成了一种以聚乙烯基酯树脂为原料的聚合物整体柱。在聚合反应中,聚乙烯基酯树脂在聚合中既作为单体同时也作为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈作为引发剂,十六醇为致孔剂。聚合物制得后以扫描电镜考察了该聚合物的内部形态。同时联合高效液相色谱分别考察了该整体柱的分离能力和载样量。在分离实验中,考察了流动相的浓度及pH值对分离效果的影响。结果表明,溶菌酶可成功的从鸡卵清中分离出,并在较短的时间内取得了较好的分离效果。     

阴离子交换整体柱对蛋白质的分离与纯化

分别用乙二胺、二乙胺、三乙胺将自制的以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为单体、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂的整体柱修饰为弱、强阴离子交换整体柱。考察了该整体柱的性能,选择出分离蛋白质(牛血清白蛋白、溶菌酶和谷胱甘肽)的最佳实验条件,并在最佳分离条件下考察了这些蛋白质在整体柱上的色谱行为和该整体柱对纤维素降解酶的分离纯化情况。实验结果表明,该整体柱性能良好,可以实现对纤维素降解酶的快速分离与纯化。同时,实验也证明采用梯度洗脱可以实现对某些蛋白质的分离纯化。     

弱阴离子交换整体柱对白介素-18的分离

制备了弱阴离子交换整体柱,并建立了白介素-18在该柱上分离纯化的方法。以色谱柱管为模具,通过原位聚合法制备了一种以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂的整体色谱柱,并用二乙胺将其修饰为弱阴离子交换柱。考察了交联剂及致孔剂用量对色谱柱压力的影响,发现:随着交联剂用量的减小,致孔剂用量的增大,柱压下降;当交联剂和致孔剂用量达到一定水平后,柱压变化不再明显,但柱体机械强度降低。用该柱对白介素-18进行了分离,同时考察了不同固定相、缓冲液体系、pH值、盐的类型以及有机添加剂对白介素-18分离效果的影响。方法简单、灵敏、快速,重现性好。     

阴离子交换聚合物整体柱的制备及其在离子色谱中的应用

以偶氮二异丁腈( AIBN)为自由基引发剂,将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)单体和亚乙基二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)交联剂通过原位聚合的方法,在不锈钢管柱(150 mm ×4.6 i.d.mm)中合成为具有一定机械性能和一定孔径结构的聚合物整体色谱柱;利用三甲胺动态修饰反应将整体柱改性为具有阴离子交换功能的整体型离子色谱分离柱.实验优化了制备条件和改性修饰条件,考察了相关离子交换容量、流体动力学参数和色谱性能等.采用直接紫外检测的方法,在205 nm检测波长下,常规阴离子乙酸根、溴酸根、亚硝酸根、溴离子、硝酸根均能得到较好的分离检测.结果表明,该阴离子交换整体色谱柱制备方法简便,成本较低,可以方便地与常规色谱系统进行联用,具有一定分析实用价值和较大的开发前景.     

聚(乙烯基酯树脂-乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯)整体柱用于免疫球蛋白的分离

以乙烯基酯树脂为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,十二醇为制孔剂,经原位聚合法制备了聚(乙烯基酯树脂-乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯)整体柱.用γ-缩水甘油基氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷对整体柱进行衍生化处理后,整体柱上的环氧基团经0.25 mol/L H2SO4水解制成二醇柱.考察了pH值及缓冲液浓度对免疫球蛋白在该整体柱上的保留行为的影响,并对血浆中的免疫球蛋白进行了分离.同时在不同浓度的缓冲液中对鸡卵黄中免疫球蛋白进行了分离,并比较了间隔臂对鸡卵黄中免疫球蛋白的分离能力的影响.结果表明:含间隔臂的整体柱比不含间隔臂的整体柱对鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白有更好的洗脱分离能力.此外,还考察了该柱对免疫球蛋白的吸附能力,免疫球蛋白在该柱上的最大吸附量为35 μg/g.     

连续棒状弱阳离子交换柱的合成及其对蛋白质保留行为

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂在空管柱内就地聚合制备了一种聚合物连续棒状色谱基质,并通过“在线”化学改性将其修饰为弱阳离子交换柱。考察了该色谱柱的孔结构特征、表面亲水性能、对标准蛋白的分离效果和ｐＨ值对保留行为的影响以及色谱柱的重现性。结果表明,该色谱柱对蛋白的分离性能及重现性良好,柱寿命不短于半年。对溶菌酶的活性回收率达９６．２％。流动相流速为８．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ条件下     

以金纳米溶胶为中间体同时制备阳离子及反相模式整体柱

本文以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙二酯(EDMA)为交联剂,环己醇和十二醇为致孔剂,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,制备了有机聚合整体材料基质,利用金纳米粒子(AuNPs)易与巯基基团(-SH)共价键合的特点和有机聚合整体柱的优点,以半胱胺和金纳米溶胶(AuNPs)为中间体,依次采用2-巯乙基磺酸钠和正十八烷硫醇修饰该柱,制备了表面具有阳离子交换和疏水作用两种模式的整体柱,拓宽了有机聚合物整体柱的应用领域。制备的整体柱适用于不同色谱模式下蛋白质或多肽混合物的分离。     

大孔型疏水整体柱的制备及其表征

利用液体致孔剂正庚烷,将双甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EDMA)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)聚合成含有环氧基团的大孔型整体柱,用正丁胺修饰制备成疏水性整体柱。压汞法分析表明,疏水整体柱的孔隙率为60.2%,500nm以上的大孔占疏水整体柱孔隙率的65.7%。在2890cm/h的高流速下,疏水整体柱的背压只有10.9MPa。以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为研究对象,动态吸附容量为14.4mg/g介质,在一定范围内,分离效果不受操作流速的影响。此外,在1445cm/h的流速下,3min内即可对细胞色素C、RNase A、溶菌酶和鸡卵清蛋白进行基线分离。结果表明,大孔型疏水整体柱可用于蛋白质的快速分离和分析。     

牛血清白蛋白修饰毛细管整体柱的制备及组氨酸对映体分离

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为单体, 乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂, 环己醇和正十二醇混合溶液为致孔剂, 在最佳聚合条件下, 以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂, 制备了毛细管整体柱基质, 并且研究了单体、交联剂及致孔剂对整体柱基质孔结构及渗透性的影响; 使用Epoxy方法在基质表面键合BSA, 制得BSA修饰的毛细管整体柱. 将此毛细管整体柱应用于毛细管电色谱中, 成功地分离出了组氨酸对映体, 分离度良好.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.