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镍钴锰三元材料LiNixCoyMnzO2 (x + y + z = 1)在容量、倍率、循环及热稳定性等方面的性能往往受到金属元素Ni、Co、Mn含量的显著影响. 其中,增加元素Ni的含量有助于提高材料的比容量。因此,LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn 0.2O2(NCM622)和LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811)成为了目前研究最为广泛的两款高镍三元正极材料. 但目前针对这两款材料的对比研究主要集中在材料比容量、热稳定性和循环稳定性的影响方面,而对材料动力学性能的研究较少,尤其是对材料本征动力学参数的表征尚未见报道. 本文采用单颗粒微电极技术,以粒径相同的 NCM622 和 NCM811 颗粒为研究对象,排除导电剂、粘结剂和电极结构的影响,从材料本征动力学性能评估的角度出发,分析了Ni元素的含量对这两款材料的充放电性能、交流阻抗谱、锂离子固相扩散系数和倍率放电性能等的影响. 结果表明,与NCM622 相比,随着Ni2+和Ni3+总含量的增加,NCM811 表现出更高的充放电容量、锂离子固相扩散系数、电化学反应活性和倍率放电性能. 以 20 C 放电,NCM811 材料的放电容量保持率仍可达到80.8%以上. 相似文献
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锂层状氧化物LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2(NCM622)是电动汽车高能锂离子电池中最有前途的正极材料之一。然而,目前NCM622的一个问题是其初始库仑效率(ICE)只有约87%,比LiCoO2或LiFePO4至少低6%。在本工作中,我们研究了在烧结过程中形成的表面化学残留物(如LiOH和Li2CO3)和Li/Ni阳离子混排对ICE的影响。结果表明,当烧结温度从825 oC提高到900 oC时,样品的ICE从80.80%提高到86.68%,而相应的Li/Ni阳离子混排和表面化学残留物也有所减少。进一步地,我们使用HNO3溶液洗涤去除825 oC烧结后的样品的表面残留物,发现尽管Li/Ni阳离子紊乱有所增加,但ICE提高3.57%。这些结果表明,通过适当的烧结工艺和后处理技术将表面残留量和Li/Ni阳离子混排降至最低是获得高ICE并改善NCM622电化学性能的关键。 相似文献
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LIU Hao-han ZHANG Jian LOU Yu-wan YANG Chuan-zheng XIE Xiao-hua XIA Bao-jia 《高等学校化学研究》2012,28(4):686-690
Several lithium-ion batteries of 18650-type were assembled with pristine or Al2O3-coated LiNi0.4Co0.2Mn0.4O2(NCM) as cathode material and mesocarbon microbeads(MCMB) as anode material. The cycling performance of the batteries was examined under 25℃ at a 2C rate within a potential range of 2.75-4.20 V. The changes of the crystal structure, the lattice parameter, the mean crystallite size, and the mean micro-strain of pristine NCM and Al2O3-coated NCM during the charge-discharge cycling were determined by X-ray diffraction(XRD). The results indicate that the bulk structure of Al2O3-coated NCM is more stable than that of pristine NCM, which leads to the better cycling performance of Al2O3-coated NCM compared to that of pristine NCM. 相似文献
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以LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)为研究对象,通过共沉淀法制备了不同F物质的量分数(0%、1%、3%、5%)的LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)三元正极材料(NCM),通过对NCM材料的晶格结构、微观形貌、电化学性能进行分析,结果表明:F掺杂后提高了NCM材料的结晶度,降低了阳离子混乱程度,适量的F掺杂有助于减小NCM三元正极材料的尺寸和提高均匀性,F的掺杂还能够降低NCM三元正极材料的极化现象,初始放电比容量随着F的掺杂含量升高呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,循环性能随着F的掺杂得到了提高,F掺杂物质的量分数为3%的NCM三元正极材料初始放电比容量167.2 mA·h/g,容量保持率达到98.5%,阻抗较小,电化学性能最优。 相似文献
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以醋酸盐为原料, 以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为分散剂, 通过水热合成-高温烧结的方法制备高镍三元正极材料LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2. 结果表明, 适量分散剂CTAB的加入可有效调节材料的颗粒形貌尺寸, 降低锂镍混排, 改善材料的电化学性能. 加入2%(质量分数) CTAB时, 制备的电池材料具有完整有序的层状结构, 且颗粒均匀分散, 具有最佳的循环性能和高低温性能. 该材料在室温及倍率1C下循环100次后, 容量保持率为88.5%. 在?20, 25和55 ℃条件下及倍率0.1C充放电时, 首次放电比容量分别为60.3, 168.5和207.2 mA·h/g. 相似文献
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以贵金属改性的钙钛矿为活性组分,通过等体积浸渍法制备了Pd/La0.8Ce0.2MnO3/ZSM-5催化剂,并采用XRD、BET、SEM和H2-TPR等技术对催化剂进行了表征。在固定床反应器上,对Pd/La0.8Ce0.2MnO3/ZSM-5催化剂上的甲苯为目标污染物的催化燃烧进行了研究,考察了焙烧温度、负载量及ZSM-5的性质对其催化活性的影响。结果表明,所得到Pd/La0.8Ce0.2MnO3催化剂仍保持钙钛矿型结构,Pd均匀的分布在催化剂表面,有利于催化剂活性的提高。当ZSM-5硅铝原子比为25、La0.8Ce0.2MnO3负载量为20%、焙烧温度为750℃时,La0.8Ce0.2MnO3/ZSM-5上甲苯的起燃温度和完全转化温度分别为200和279℃;加入0.3%的Pd后,Pd/La0.8Ce0.2MnO3/ZSM-5的催化活性明显提高,甲苯起燃温度下降了90℃,完全转化温度可低至230℃。 相似文献
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Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are promising energy storage devices for smart grid applications due to their low cost and the high abundance of sodium,but few cathode materials of SIBs with high energy density are available for practical applications.Herein,a series of NaNCM ternary materials(NCM=nickel-cobalt-manganese)is obtained by solid-phase reaction with well-regulated temperature and other reaction conditions.XRD results show that impure NiO phase is more likely to occur under high nickel content.The cross-section SEM indicates that the primary particles in the electrode materials are radially distributed along the radial direction,and the internal porous structure is conducive to the infiltration of electrolyte.The initial specific capacities of Na[Ni0.68Co0.10Mn0.22]O2(NaNCM712),Na[Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2]O2(NaNCM622)and Na[Ni0.4Co0.3Mn0.3]O2(NaNCM433)at 0.2 C are 165.5,153.1 and 146.8 mA·h/g,and the corresponding capacity retention rates are 63.2%,78.5%and 71.7%after 100 cycles.NaNCM712 possesses the highest initial specific capacity,and NaNCM433 delivers the best rate capability.The rate capabilities of high-nickel and low-cobalt NaNCM cathodes need to be further improved.Moreover,ex-situ XRD pattern reveals the structure evolution(from O3 type to P2 type)during a long cycling charge and discharge process. 相似文献
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采用均相法制得Ce0.8Zr0.2O2载体,并以其为载体等体积浸渍制得一系列负载型Ru催化剂。在0.1 MPa、GHSV为10000 h-1、H2/CO2为3.5(物质的量比)的条件下,对催化剂进行评价。借助TG-DSC、BET、H2-TPR等技术对所制备的载体和催化剂进行表征,结果表明,500℃焙烧的载体具有适中的比表面积和孔径并形成了Ce-Zr固溶体,与载体形成弱相互作用的Ru能够显著提高催化剂的活性,适宜的还原方式能促进活性组分的均匀分布。采用500℃焙烧的载体浸渍Ru Cl3溶液,干燥后在400℃焙烧,并使用水合肼和H2两次还原后的催化剂活性最高,在290℃时,H2转化率可达到93.57%。 相似文献
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采用湿法球磨法制备了锂离子电池混合正极材料LiNi 0.5Co 0.2Mn 0.3O2/LiFePO4 (NMC532/LFP). 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、充放电测试和电化学阻抗谱测试(EIS)等方法研究对比了LiNi 0.5Co 0.2Mn 0.3O2(NMC532)和LiNi 0.5Co 0.2Mn 0.3O2/LiFePO4 (NMC532/LFP)的容量衰减机理,结果表明:循环50次和60℃高温存储后,NMC532/LFP的容量保持率分别为97.80%、86.48%,其循环和高温存储性能较好. 循环和高温存储后NMC532和NMC532/LFP的电荷传递阻抗Rct明显增大,但NMC532/LFP的Rct较小. NMC532和NMC532/LFP的I(003)/I(104)值都有所减小,但NMC532/LFP的I(003)/I(104)值比NMC532的大,即NMC532/LFP材料的阳离子混排现象有所改善. 循环后NMC532、NMC532/LFP颗粒没有出现明显的表面开裂和链接断裂现象,但NMC532颗粒有部分发生粉化. 高温储存后NMC532颗粒表面出现裂纹,且颗粒之间的链接断裂,NMC532/LFP颗粒表面出现轻微粉化. 材料结构规整度下降,阳离子混排程度加剧,电荷传递阻抗增大是NMC532和NMC532/LFP容量衰减的主要原因. 相似文献
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The nano SnO2-modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was successfully prepared by a carrier transfer method. The pristine and modified samples were characterized with various techniques such as XRD, SEM, XPS and EDS. The results showed that the SnO2 particles did not enter the crystal structure of LiNi1/3Co1/ 3Mn1/3O2, many nano SnO2 particles were uniformly covered on the surface of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 and the modified thin layer could inhibit the dissolution of transition metal oxides. The electrochemical tests indicated that the existence of nano SnO2 could improve the discharge capacity and rate capability owing to the decreased interfacial polarization. The cycling stability was remarkably improved at room temperature and 55 ℃. The XRD patterns of the fresh NCM electrode and after 50 cycles proved that the structural change of NCM was not so effective on the capacity fade. 相似文献
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Fanbo Meng Renzong Hu Zhiwei Chen Liang Tan Xuexia Lan Bin Yuan 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》2021,(5):46-55
Layered Ni-rich cathode materials,LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2(NCM622),are synthesized via solid reaction assisted with a plasma milling pretreatment,which is resulted in lowering sintering temperatures for solid precursors.The plasma milling pretreated NCM622 cathode material sintered at 780℃(named as PM-780)demonstrates good cycling stability at both room and subzero temperatures.Specifically,the PM-780 cathode delivers an initial discharge capacity of 171.2 mAh g-1 and a high capacity retention of 99.7%after 300 cycles with current rate of 90 mA g-1 at 30℃,while stable capacities of 120.3 and 94.0 m Ah g-1 can be remained at-10℃and-20℃in propylene carbonate contained electrolyte,respectively.In-situ XRD together with XPS and SEM reveal that the NCM622 cycled at-10℃presented better structural stability and more intact interface than that of cathodes cycled at 30℃.It is also found that subzero temperatures only limit the discharge potential of NCM622 without destroying its structure during cycling since it still exhibits high discharge capacity at 30℃after cycled at subzero temperatures.This work may expand the knowledge about the low-temperature characteristics of layered cathode materials for Li-ion batteries and lay the foundation for its further applications. 相似文献
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为解决LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料在高温下循环性能差的问题,本文通过固相法对材料进行锆掺杂改性,研究了不同掺杂量对LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2晶体结构和电化学性能的影响。研究表明,当锆掺杂量为1% (x)时,可以降低LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2结构中的Li+/Ni2+离子混排,有助于材料电化学性能的提高,尤其是高温循环性能。在25 ℃、3.0-4.3 V下, Li(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)0.99Zr0.01O2在1C循环95次后容量保持率为92.13%,优于未掺杂样品(87.61%)。在55 ℃下, Li(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)0.99Zr0.01O2在1C循环115次后容量保持率仍有82.96%,远高于未掺杂样品(67.63%)。因此,少量锆掺杂对提升LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2的高温循环性能有积极作用。 相似文献
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Zhao Xinxin Liu Huihui He Pan Zhang Xiaohua Yan Xiaoyan Liu Baosheng 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2023,27(9):2479-2488
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) materials with shuttle-like hierarchical micro architecture are prepared by sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) assisted... 相似文献
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A well-ordered and spherical LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material was successfully synthesized from Ni and Mn concentration-gradient precursors via co-precipitation. The crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and charge-discharge tests. The material delivered an initial discharge capacity of 174.3 mAh/g at 180 mA/g (1 C rate) between 2.8 and 4.3 V and more than 93.1% of that was retained after 100 cycles. In addition, it also exhibited excellent rate capability, high cut-off voltage and temperature performance. 相似文献
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This work aims to study the effect of redox property and surface morphology of perovskite oxides on the catalytic activity of CO oxidation and CO+NO reduction, with the redox property being tuned by doping Fe at the Co site of La0.8Sr0.2Co1-xFexO3 and the surface morphology being modified by supporting La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 on various mesoporous silicas(i.e., SBA-16, SBA-15, MCF). Characteristic results show that the Fe doping improves the match of redox potentials, and SBA-16 is the best support of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 when referring to the oxidation ability(e.g., the Co3+/Co2+ molar ratio). A mechanism for oxygen desorption from perovskite oxides is proposed based on O2-TPD experiments, showing the evolution process of oxygen released from oxygen vacancy and lattice framework. Catalytic tests indicate that La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 is the best for CO oxidation, and La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 is the best for CO+NO reduction. The mechanism of CO+NO reduction changes as the reaction temperature increases, with XNO/XCO value decreases from 2.4 at 250 ℃ to 1.0 at 400 ℃. As for the surface morphology, La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 supported on SBA-16 possesses the highest surface Co3+/Co2+ molar ratio as compared to the other two, and shows the best activity for CO oxidation. 相似文献
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The high purity (Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9)1-x(MoO3)x(x=0, 0.005, 0.010, 0.020; Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9=NDC) solid solutions were prepared by modified sol-gel method. The structures and electric conductivities were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy( EIS). The XRD results show that the materials were pure phase with a cubic fluorite structure. Compared to the undoped-NDC samples, MoO3 doped-NDC showed higher sintered density(over 96%) at reduced sintering temperature. The electric conductivity(σt) of (Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9)1-x(MoO3)x at 400 ℃ was 9.58×10–4 S/cm when x=0.010, which was higher than that of undoped-NDC samples(σt=3.29×10–4 S/cm). The obtained optimal amount of the MoO3 was x=0.010 in this system. 相似文献
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Due to the limited energy densities, which could be achieved by lithium-ion cells, Li-O2 batteries, which could provide a promising super energy storage medium, attract much attention nowadays. For its high activity, high storage and low cost, Mn-based oxides have shown versatile application in various batteries. To enhance the cyclability of Li-O2 batteries, here, we synthesized a kind of α-MnO2 nanowires as a bifunctional catalyst for Li-O2 batteries. The particular structure of α-MnO2 reduces the mass transfer resistance of the battery, and the MnO2 nanowires were ion exchanged by saturated lithium sulfate solution so as to further improve the performance of the catalyst. The exchanged α-MnO2 catalyst showed a high discharge specific capacity(6243 mA·h/g at a current density of 200 mA/g) and significantly improved the cyclability up to the 55th cycle(200 mA/g with capacity of 1000 mA·h/g). The results show that the Li ion exchange method is a promising strategy for improving the performance of MnO2 catalyst for Li-O2 batteries. 相似文献
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Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2的溶胶-凝胶法合成及其性质 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
利用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2(x=0.1~0.6)系列固体电解质,系统地研究了其结构、热膨胀系数和导电性.XRD结果表明,160℃即完全形成立方萤石结构.由于溶胶-凝胶法合成的物质粒度均匀,颗粒小,故在较低温度(1300℃)时即可形成高致密样品,此温度明显低于传统的高温固相法烧结温度(1600~1650℃).高温X射线衍射测得Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9的热膨胀系数为8.125×10-6K1.阻抗谱表明,溶胶-凝胶法合成可减少或消除固体电解质的晶界电阻,600℃时Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9的电导率为5.26×10-3S/cm,活化能Ea=0.82eV. 相似文献
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为了探讨温度对PbO2电沉积形核生长过程的影响,在25℃、35℃、45℃、55℃、65℃使用电化学工作站测试了PbO2在玻碳电极上沉积过程的循环伏安曲线、计时电位曲线及计时电流曲线,并对不同温度下电沉积的PbO2镀层进行了SEM和XRD分析. 结果表明,在不同温度下PbO2都经历了成核和核生长过程. 温度的升高没有改变PbO2电沉积三维连续成核的模式,降低了沉积过程溶液阻力,对成核和晶体生长速率均有促进作用,在晶核密度达到饱和晶核密度以前,是以促进成核速率为主,减小PbO2颗粒尺寸. 达到饱和晶核密度后,电沉积后期以促进晶体生长速率为主,不利于形成细小PbO2颗粒.高温使得析氧速率提高,能耗增大.由实验结果得出,在55℃时得到的PbO2镀层粒径最小. 相似文献