共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
WEN Xianfang YE Lin CHEN Likun KONG Lingce YUAN Ling XI Hailing ZHONG Jinyi 《高等学校化学研究》2019,35(6):1095-1104
A novel acrylate copolymer, polymethylacrylate-β-(bromoacetyl ethyl)ester-co-N,N-dimethylacrylamide[P(MABE-co-DMAA)] was synthesized by the copolymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide and methylacrylate-β-(bromoacetyl ethyl)ester. Subsequently, the copolymer was oximated by 4-pyridinium aldoxime(4-PAM), and was abbreviated as PAM-P(MABE-co-DMAA). A maximum oxime conversion of 53.7% was obtained. The as-prepared oximated copolymer PAM-P(MABE-co-DMAA) effectively decontaminated chemical warfare agents(CWAs) including methylphosphonofluoridate(sarin or GB), S-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl O-ethyl methylphosphonothioate (VX), and 2,2'-dichloroethyl sulfide(sulfur mustard, or HD). The detoxification rates were 90.6% for GB, 85.7% for VX, and 90.5% for HD. Chromogenic analysis, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MS) were used to identify the decontamination products, and the decontamination mechanism was concluded to be a combination of nucleophilic substitution and a second order Beckmann rearrangement. Furthermore, the active decontamination materials, such as decontamination cloths and covers could be made from the oximated copolymer by virtue of its processability, as well as its strong ability to degrade CWA. 相似文献
2.
Prof. Nunzio Tuccitto Gaetano Catania Prof. Andrea Pappalardo Dr. Giuseppe Trusso Sfrazzetto 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(55):13715-13718
The supramolecular detection by image analysis of a simulant chemical warfare agent on a solid device containing a selective molecular sensor based on a BODIPY scaffold is reported. The recognition properties were investigated in solution, demonstrating high affinity (log K 6.60) and sensitivity (LOD 10 ppt). A test strip also confirmed the sensing properties in gas phase. Image analysis of the solid device allows quantitative information about the simulant to be obtained, recovering the sensor almost 5 times and thus confirming the goal of the supramolecular approach. 相似文献
3.
Broad‐Spectrum Liquid‐ and Gas‐Phase Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents by One‐Dimensional Heteropolyniobates 下载免费PDF全文
Weiwei Guo Dr. Hongjin Lv Kevin P. Sullivan Wesley O. Gordon Alex Balboa George W. Wagner Dr. Djamaladdin G. Musaev Dr. John Bacsa Prof. Craig L. Hill 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(26):7403-7407
A wide range of chemical warfare agents and their simulants are catalytically decontaminated by a new one‐dimensional polymeric polyniobate (P‐PONb), K12[Ti2O2][GeNb12O40]?19 H2O ( KGeNb ) under mild conditions and in the dark. Uniquely, KGeNb facilitates hydrolysis of nerve agents Sarin (GB) and Soman (GD) (and their less reactive simulants, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP)) as well as mustard (HD) in both liquid and gas phases at ambient temperature and in the absence of neutralizing bases or illumination. Three lines of evidence establish that KGeNb removes DMMP, and thus likely GB/GD, by general base catalysis: a) the k(H2O)/k(D2O) solvent isotope effect is 1.4; b) the rate law (hydrolysis at the same pH depends on the amount of P‐PONb present); and c) hydroxide is far less active against the above simulants at the same pH than the P‐PONbs themselves, a critical control experiment. 相似文献
4.
5.
Nunzio Tuccitto Luca Spitaleri Giovanni Li Destri Andrea Pappalardo Antonino Gulino Giuseppe Trusso Sfrazzetto 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2020,25(23)
Real-time sensing of chemical warfare agents by optical sensors is today a crucial target to prevent terroristic attacks by chemical weapons. Here the synthesis, characterization and detection properties of a new sensor, based on covalently functionalized carbon nanoparticles, are reported. This nanosensor exploits noncovalent interactions, in particular hydrogen bonds, to detect DMMP, a simulant of nerve agents. The nanostructure of the sensor combined with the supramolecular sensing approach leads to high binding constant affinity, high selectivity and the possibility to reuse the sensor. 相似文献
6.
7.
土壤基质中4种典型化学毒剂的加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱法检测 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
采用加速溶剂萃取法萃取土壤基质中的4种典型化学毒剂,萃取液用气相色谱-火焰光度检测器分析.当土壤中4种化学毒剂含量均为10 mg/kg时,用含5%三乙胺的二氯甲烷作萃取溶剂,在加压15 MPa,室温下提取7 min的条件下,沙林、梭曼、维埃克斯的回收率均超过80%,芥子气为73%.方法对土壤中沙林、梭曼和维埃克斯的检出限分别为1.8、1.4和70 ng/g(磷模式),对芥子气的检出限为500 ng/g(硫模式).并与传统液-固萃取法进行了比较. 相似文献
8.
9.
《Electroanalysis》2003,15(14):1149-1159
After the September 11 tragedies of 2001, scientists and law‐enforcement agencies have shown increasing concern that terrorist organizations and their “rogue” foreign government‐backers may resort to the use of chemical and/or biological agents against U.S. military or civilian targets. In addition to the right mix of policies, including security measures, intelligence gathering and training for medical personnel on how to recognize symptoms of biochemical warfare agents, the major success in combating terrorism lies in how best to respond to an attack using reliable analytical sensors. The public and regulatory agencies expect sensing methodologies and devices for homeland security to be very reliable. Quality data can only be generated by using analytical sensors that are validated and proven to be under strict design criteria, development and manufacturing controls. Electrochemical devices are ideally suited for obtaining the desired analytical information in a faster, simpler, and cheaper manner compared to traditional (lab‐based) assays and hence for meeting the requirements of decentralized biodefense applications. This articler presents a review of the major trends in monitoring technologies for chemical and biological warfare (CBW) agents. It focuses on research and development of sensors (particularly electrochemical ones), discusses how advances in molecular recognition might be used to design new multimission networked sensors (MULNETS) for homeland security. Decision flow‐charts for choosing particular analytical techniques for CBW agents are presented. Finally, the paths to designing sensors to meet the needs of today's measurement criteria are analyzed. 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
13.
<正>化学战剂是指在战争中用以杀伤对方有生力量、牵制和扰乱对方军事行动的有毒物质。从第一次世界大战到2013年的叙利亚化学武器袭击事件,化学战剂的使用给人民生命安全带来了巨大的威胁。神经性毒剂和糜烂性毒剂是两类主要的化学战剂,前者是一类磷酸酯类化合物,主要通过水解破坏P―X键而降解~1。芥子气(二(2-氯乙基) 相似文献
14.
Jon A. Ashley Chao-Hsiung Lin Peter Wirsching Kim D. Janda 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1999,38(12):1793-1795
Methylphosphonic acid (MPA) is the degradation product of many chemical warfare agents. The convenient detection of this substance would aid in field testing to confirm illicit manufacture and use of banned chemical weapons. Efficient functionalization of MPA with an aromatic diazo compound allowed binding by monoclonal antibodies elicited by using an analogous hapten (see scheme). An ELISA assay was rapid, sensitive, and specific. 相似文献
15.
16.
Savel'eva E. I. Radilov A. S. Kuznetsova T. A. Volynets N. F. 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2001,74(10):1722-1727
The feasibility of isolation and quantitative determination by gas chromatography of methylphosphonic acid and its mono- and dialkyl etsers, which originate from destruction of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents and have been detected in bitumen-salt compounds is examined. 相似文献
17.
Jin Young Lee Yong Han Lee Yong Gwan Byun 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(5):641-649
Abstract A new (E)-pyrene-1-carbaldehyde O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl oxime 3 was synthesized for the detection of chemical warfare nerve agents, O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GB) and O-pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GD). 1H NMR spectrum showed that the tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) group was deprotected using TBAF and the oximate supernucleophile was made. Upon addition of chemical warfare agents (GB and GD) (50 mol%), the reaction was completely finished within 5 min and also the color change of reaction mixture was observed under a hand-held UV lamp with the naked eye. 相似文献
18.
A method is presented for the continuous analysis of generated vapors of the nerve agents soman and sarin and the blistering agent sulfur mustard. By using a gas sampling valve and a very short (15 cm) column connected to an on-column injector with a “standard length” column, the system can either be calibrated or used for performing high speed gas analyses. When using a flame ionization detector, the detection limit was ca. 100 ppb (ca. 0.5–1.0 mg/m3). This technique is applied in inhalation toxicokinetic studies of nerve agents and mustard gas in the guinea pig. 相似文献
19.
20.
Yang Ki Park Woo Young Chung Byungsub Kim Young-sik Kye Moon-sik Shin Dongwook Kim 《Chromatographia》2013,76(11-12):679-685
Ion-pair single-drop microextraction (SDME) coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) methods for the determination of four degradation products of chemical warfare agents were investigated in water. Acidic analytes were converted into their ion-pair complexes with cation surfactants in aqueous sample and then extracted into the organic single drop containing the derivatising agent. Upon injection, the analytes were derivatised in the GC injection hot port. Parameters, such as type of extraction solvent, ion-pairing (IP) reagent, reagent concentration, salt concentration, stirring speed and pH, were all optimized. This method is reproducible for spiked water sample for four different analytes (RSDs < 9.33 %, n = 5) and linear (r 2 > 0.9945). The limit of detection (LOD) is in the range of 0.08–0.01 ng mL?1 (S/N = 5) under GC–MS selected ion monitoring mode. The method was successfully applied to the proficiency test samples from the Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). 相似文献