流动注射-共振瑞利散射法测定盐酸氯丙嗪和盐酸异丙嗪

在HCl介质中,12-钨磷酸(TP)分别与盐酸氯丙嗪(CPZ)和盐酸异丙嗪(PMZ)反应形成离子缔合物,导致溶液的共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强,并产生新的RRS光谱.它们的最大RRS峰位于359 nm (TP-CPZ)和346 nm (TP-PMZ),并且在一定范围内,CPZ和PMZ的浓度与散射强度呈线性关系,据此提出流动注射-共振瑞利散射 (FIA-RRS) 联用技术测定CPZ和PMZ的新方法,CPZ和PMZ的检出限分别为1.7和3.0 μg/L.实验优化了流动注射(FIA)参数和反应条件,并以灵敏度较高的CPZ为例,考察了共存物质的影响.本方法具有良好的选择性和重复性;用于药片和猪肝中CPZ的测定,结果满意.     

12-钨磷酸共振瑞利散射光谱法测定盐酸苯海拉明

在pH值为0～1.5范围内,12-钨磷酸与盐酸苯海拉明(DP.HCl)反应形成缔合物后引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度显著增强,最大散射峰位于305nm,散射强度与DP.HCl浓度在8.0×10-9～1.6×10-6g/mL范围内成线性关系,据此建立了测定盐酸苯海拉明的RRS法。本法具有较高的灵敏度和良好的选择性,其检出限(3σ)为0.8×10-9g/mL。用于尿样中盐酸苯海拉明的测定,回收率为96.0%～104.2%。结合量子化学AM1法计算结果讨论了反应机理。     

靛蓝胭脂红共振瑞利散射法测定蛋白质

在pH 2.34的B-R缓冲溶液中,靛蓝胭脂红及蛋白质的共振瑞利散射(RRS)均十分微弱。但两者结合时,形成的复合物能使RRS信号急剧增强,最大散射波长为393 nm。测定人血清白蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、γ-人球蛋白、卵白蛋白的线性范围分别为0.1~3.7、0.08~3.0、0.05~2.0、0.1~2.4 mg/L;相应的检出限分别为24.6、20.7、20.4、25.7μg/L。本法用于人血清、牛奶、豆浆、尿液中总蛋白质的测定,结果与经典的考马斯亮蓝法一致。     

氯化铁-铁氰化钾体系共振瑞利散射法测定白藜芦醇

在pH 1.8的B-R缓冲溶液中,白藜芦醇(RES)使[Fe(CN)6]3-还原为[Fe(CN)6]4-,后者与铁(Ⅲ)反应生成普鲁士蓝,其共振瑞利散射(RRS)急剧增强。于最大RRS峰314nm处测定其散射强度IRRS,扣除空白溶液的散射强度,RES的质量浓度在0.05~5.0mg·L-1范围内与散射强度差ΔI呈线性关系。RES的检出限(3s/k)为15μg·L-1。应用此方法测定了葡萄叶和虎杖中RES的含量。所得结果与高效液相色谱法测得的结果相符。用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率在96.0%~104%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在1.7%~4.3%之间。对反应体系的RRS增强的机理也进行了探讨。     

甲基红共振瑞利散射法测定肝素钠

肝素钠（Hep）系葡糖胺聚糖,是蛋白多糖的一种,它具有广泛的生物学功能,是重要的生化药物之一。对不同的疾病,有不同的最适剂量,临床上需进行监控。因此,研究肝素的定量测定方法是非常重要的。肝素的测定最常采用的是生物方法。此外,化学方法有分光光度法、HPLC法,毛细管电泳法,电化学传感器。在国内外利用共振瑞利散射测试肝素钠的也有报道,一般都采用了稀土高价阳离子作增色剂。本文采用的是一种价格便宜的甲基红（methylred）染料作增色剂,结果表明：在近中性的B—R缓冲溶液中,肝素钠与甲基红染料形成离子缔合物后,RRS强度显著增强,并产生了新的RRS光谱;且在一定范围内,RRS强度与肝素钠浓度成正比。在0．060μg/mL～4．00μg/mL范围内呈良好的线形关系,由此对肝素钠注射液进行效价分析,并用此方法测定人体血清中的肝素钠含量,测得人体血清中肝素钠含量为9．18mg／100mL,回收率在90％以上。显然,此法对肝素钠的测定是可靠、灵敏而实用的。     

茜素红-铽光谱探针共振瑞利散射法测定加替沙星

提出了共振瑞利散射光谱法测定人体血浆,尿样中加替沙星含量的方法。在p H5.5~6.5的HAc-Na Ac缓冲溶液中,加替沙星(Gatifloxacin,GTFX)与Tb(Ⅲ)反应形成的二元螯合物共振瑞利散射(Resonance Rayleigh Scattering,RRS)强度极弱,但当其进一步与酸性染料茜素红反应形成三元离子缔合物时,RRS显著增强,其最大散射波长分别位于373 nm和605nm处。在373 nm处,方法的线性范围和检出限分别为0~5.26μg·m L-1和7.5 ng·m L-1。本法简便、快速,并具有良好的选择性,用于片剂,人尿液和血浆中加替沙星含量的测定,其回收率在96.1~104.5%。     

金纳米微粒作探针共振瑞利散射法测定某些蒽环类抗癌药物

在近中性至弱碱性介质中, 金纳米微粒与表柔比星(EPI)、柔红霉素(DNR)和米托蒽醌(MXT)等蒽环类抗癌药物借静电引力、疏水作用力结合, 形成粒径更大的聚集体, 导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)的显著增强并产生新的RRS光谱, 三种结合产物的最大RRS峰均位于313 nm附近, 并在510～610 nm之间有一宽的散射带. 其散射强度(ΔI)与3种抗癌药物的浓度成正比, 对EPI, DNR和MXT的线性范围分别为0.009～0.50, 0.010～0.70 和0.030～1.20 μg•mL^－1, 它们的检出限(3σ)分别为2.7, 3.1和9.0 ng•mL^－1. 研究了反应产物的吸收、荧光和RRS光谱特征, 适宜的反应条件及分析化学性质, 发展了一种用RRS技术灵敏、简便、快速测定蒽环类抗癌药物的新方法.     

共振瑞利散射法测定微量硒

在稀HCl中硒(Ⅳ)与抗坏血酸(Vc)反应生成单质硒Se(0),并在液相中以纳米粒子的形式存在。利用此纳米粒子在470nm处的共振瑞利散射峰可对硒进行测定。在0.028~5.640μg/mL范围内,共振瑞利散射强度与硒(Ⅳ)的质量浓度成线性关系,检出限为0.00789μg/mL,相对标准偏差为4.7%。应用此法测定了茶叶、螺旋藻、黄芪样品中的总硒量,通过与例行方法DAN荧光法对照、干扰实验、回收率实验及质量控制对本方法进行了评价。     

共振瑞利散射法测定百草枯的研究

在pH=7.0的NaAc-HAc缓冲溶液中,单独的碘化钾汞试剂或者百草枯溶液的共振瑞利散射(RRS)十分微弱。碘化钾汞试剂和百草枯反应形成疏水性较强纳米微粒,导致RRS急剧增强,从而建立了一个灵敏的测定百草枯的RRS新方法,且对RRS增强的机理进行了初步探讨。实验表明:在λ=497nm处,RRS强度与百草枯浓度有良好的线性关系,线性范围在0.01～13.0mg/L,检出限为8.0μg/L。本法用于大米中百草枯含量的测定,结果满意。     

甲基红共振瑞利散射法测定多肽药物奥曲肽

采用共振瑞利散射(RRS)法测定奥曲肽,建立了测定痕量奥曲肽的方法。在pH=3.78的B-R缓冲溶液中,奥曲肽与甲基红相互作用后,共振瑞利散射显著增强,在280～370nm范围内呈现高的散射强度,且以310nm处的ΔIRRS最强。在优化的测试条件下,奥曲肽浓度在0～0.54mg/L范围内与散射强度有良好的线性关系,对奥曲肽的检出限(3σ)达3.6μg/L。该方法用于合成样品中奥曲肽的测定,回收率为98.3%～100.7%;用于奥曲肽注射液中奥曲肽含量的测定,结果与HPLC法测得的结果相近。     

Determination of Meclofenoxate Hydrochloride by Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Method Coupled with Flow Injection Technique

In pH 1.0 acidic medium, 12-Tungstophosphoric acid (TP) reacted with meclofenoxate (MFX) to form an ion-associate complex, which resulted in a significant enhancement of the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) intensity. The RRS intensity at the maximum scattering peak of 374 nm was linear to the concentration of MFX in the range of 0.2–12.0 μg mL^?1. Therefore, a novel method for the determination of MFX by RRS method coupled with flow injection analysis (FIA) technique was developed. The method has highly sensitivity and the detection limit (3σ) was 5.6 ng mL^?1. The present method was applied to the determination of MFX in pharmaceutical preparations and the results agreed well with those provided by the pharmacopeia. The average recovery of standard addition in capsules was 97.0–103.1%. The proposed method exhibited the satisfactory reproducibility with a relative standard derivation (R.S.D.) of 3.7% for 9 successive determinations of 4.0 μg mL^?1 MFX. The maximal sample throughput in the optimized system was 48 h^?1. In addition, the optimum experiment condition, the effect of coexisting substance, and influence of FIA variables were investigated in the paper.     

Resonance Rayleigh Scattering and Resonance Nonlinear Scattering Methods for Determination of Methylene Blue with 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid

In a pH=0.65―1.5 NaAc-HCl medium, methylene blue(MB) reacts with 12-tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) by virtue of electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic force to form a 3:2 ion-association complex. As a result, the intensities of resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS), second-order scattering(SOS) and frequency doubling scatte- ring(FDS) are enhanced greatly. The maximum scattering wavelengths of RRS, SOS and FDS are located at 316, 647 and 311 nm. The increments of scattering intensity(△I) are directly proportio...     

Determination of Matrine and Oxymatrine in Radix Sophorae Flavescentis by Resonance Rayleigh Scattering,Second-order Scattering and Frequency Doubling Scattering Technique

In 0.1 mol/L HCl medium, 12-tungstophosphoric(TP) acid reacted with matrine(Mat) and oxymatrine(Oxy) to form an ion-association complex. As a result, the new spectra of resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS), second-order scattering(SOS) and frequency doubling scattering(FDS) appeared and their intensities were enhanced greatly. The maximum scattering wavelengths of RRS, SOS and FDS were located at 370, 670 and 390 nm, respectively. The increments of scattering intensity were directly proportional to the concentration of Mat and Oxy in a certain range. Based on this, the method for the determination of matrine and oxymatrine has been established. It has been applied to the determination of matrine and oxymatrine in samples of Radix sophorae flavescentis with satisfactory result. The reaction mechanism and reasons of RRS enhancement were discussed.     

Determination of verapamil hydrochloride with 12-tungstophosphoric acid by resonance Rayleigh scattering method coupled to flow injection system

A flow injection analysis (FIA) method coupled to resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) detection for the determination of verapamil hydrochloride (VP) was proposed. In pH 1.0 acidic medium, 12-tungstophosphoric acid (TP) reacted with VP to form an ion-association complex, which resulted in a significant enhancement of RRS intensity. The maximum scattering peak was located at 293 nm. RRS intensity was proportional to the concentration of VP in the range of 0.017-13.0 μg mL⁻¹, and the detection limit (3σ) was 5.1 ng mL⁻¹. The proposed method exhibited satisfactory reproducibility with a relative standard derivation (R.S.D.) of 2.1% for 11 successive determinations of 5.0 μg mL⁻¹ VP. Therefore, a novel method for the determination of VP by FIA-RRS was developed. The optimum reaction conditions and the parameters of the FIA operation such as flow rate, injection volume, reactor length, and so on had been optimized in this paper. The present method had been applied to the determination of VP in serum samples and pharmaceuticals with satisfactory results. The maximal sample throughput in the optimized system was 80 h⁻¹.     

同多钨酸-阿米卡星相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

在pH 0.65~1.10的HCl-NaAc缓冲溶液中,当同多钨酸(IPT)与阿米卡星(AMK)形成离子缔合物,能引起共振瑞利散射 (RRS)显著增强,并产生新的RRS光谱,其最大散射峰位于340 nm,AMK浓度在0.001~0.08 µg•mL-1范围内与散射增强程度呈线性关系,据此建立测定AMK的RRS新方法。方法具有较高的灵敏度,检出限(3σ)为0.4 ng•mL-1。考察了体系的RRS和吸收光谱特征,优化了适宜的反应条件,试验了常见共存物质的影响,表明方法具有良好的选择性。方法用于人血清中AMK的测定,结果满意。文中对离子缔合反应机理和RRS增强的原因进行了讨论。