超导相(Bi1.7Pb0.2In0.1)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10的制备和晶体结构研究

The superconducting phase(Bi_(1.7)Pb_(0.2)In_(0.1))Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_(10) with on-set T_c near 112K and zero resistivity at 95K has been prepared. The Unit cell is. body-centered tetragonal, space group I4/mmm, a=0.3.817(1) nm, c=3.704(1) nm. Chemical substitution of Pb and In in Bi—Sr—Ca—Cu—O series results in the growth of 2223 phase. The superconductivity and the formation mechanism are associated with the structural features.     

掺杂对超导体(Tl1-x-yPbxMy)Sr2(Ca0.8Ln0.2)Cu2O7-δ(M=Sn4+或Sb5+, Ln=Y,La, Nd或Pr)性能的影响

Subramanian et al. found superconductivity at 80 K in Tl_(0.5)Pb_(0.5)Sr_2CaCu_2O_y sample with YBa_2 Cu_3 O_(7-δ)-like structure. However, there is unstable factor in the structure of the superconductor. Total plus valence is 12.5, and total minus valence is 14. The structure was further stabilized by partial substitution of Y, La, Nd orPr for Ca and Sn~(4+) or Sb~(5+) for (Tl, Pb), so that T_c was achieved above 100 K. For example, T_c is about 103 K in a sample with nominal composition (Tl_(0.4) Pb_(0.5)Sn_(0.2))Sr_2(Ca_(0.8)Y_(0.2))Cu_2O_(7-δ). During the preparation of superconductors, the temperature of samples was very slowly down after sintering, or samples were annealed at 500—700 ℃. The samples absorbed the oxygen during cooling, but no phase change occured. Appropriate amount of the oxygen made T_e higher.     

用聚合物先成物方法合成(Bi_(1.6)Pb_(0.4))Sr_2Ca_2Cu_(3.6)O_x超导材料

用聚合物—金属—络合物先成物(polymer—metal—complex precursor)方法,在小心控制煅烧条件下合成了(Bi_(1.6)Pb_(0.4))Sr_2Ca_2Cu_(3.6)O_x超导材料,产物有一个100K的零电阻转变温度[T_c(R=0)]。产物的X—光衍射峰相对强度表明,它只包含高—Tc相和低—Tc相,而且以高-Tc相为主。通过电阻测量、X—光衍射和元素分析,研究了产物的超导性能、结构和组成。     

高价离子掺入Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O体系对成相和结构的影响

The effects of high valence cations M~(n+) (n≥4) doped on the phase formation and the structure stability have been investigated. In the crystal structure X_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_(10)(X = Bi_(1-x-y)Pb_xM_y), the high valence cations M~(n+), Bi~(3+), and Pb~(2+) were deter-mined to statistically distribute at the bismuth positions. The bismuth valence is raised and the positions of oxygen atoms in the (XO_2X) double layers are fully occupied. Conseqently, The structural stability is increased. The phase 2223 was found to form more rapidly by doping and the single phase with T_c(0)>110 K can be obtained more easily.     

超导相Tl2Ca3Ba2Cu4O12的制备与结构研究

我们已制备出Tl_2 Ca Ba_2 Cu_2O_8(2122)和Tl_2Ca_2 Ba_2 Cu_3 O_(10)(2223)两个纯相,并对它们的晶体结构和性质进行了研究。现在我们又制备出一种新的超导相,它的组成为Tl_2 Ca_3 Ba_2 Cu_4 O_(120(2324),并进一步研究了它的超导性质和晶体结构。     

钙钛矿型La0.2Pb0.4Sr0.4FeO3的制备及其气敏性

采用溶胶-凝胶法首次制备出平均粒径为22.3 nm的La0.2Pb0.4Sr0.4FeO3的晶体,这种复合晶体是正交的钙钛矿型结构.通过对其导电性和气敏性的研究,发现La0.2Pb0.4Sr0.4FeO3材料是一种p型半导体材料,并且在175℃下对甲醛具有很好的气敏性.     

复合氧化物Ca_(1-x)Pb_xMnO_(3-σ)的合成及其电化学性能研究

采用共沉淀法制得Ca_(1-x)Pb_xMnO_(3-σ)的XRD测试结果表明该样品具有钙 钛结构，利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对Ca_(0.9)Pb_(0.1)MnO_(3-σ)样品中各元素 的价态进行了鉴定，结果表明各元素分别以Ca~(2+)，Pb~(4+)，Mn~(4+)以及少量 的Mn~(3+)的形式存在。四探针电导率测试结果发现Ca_(0.9)Pb_(0.1)MnO_(3-σ) 的电导率比无取代CaMnO_(3-σ)样品的电导率提高了将近两个数量级。并且半导体 的类型发生了变化。在碱性溶液中Ca_(0.9)Pb_(0.1)MnO_(3-σ)表现出良好的电化 学性能，9 mol/L KOH电解质溶液中，50 mg样品采用2 mA放电至-0.8 V时放电容量 为384 mA·h/g左右。并利用循环伏安对其充放电机理进行了初步探讨。     

Crystal Growth,Structure, and Spectral Properties of Cr~(4+):Ca_2(Al_(1.8)Ga_(0.2))SiO_7

A new crystal, Ca_2(Al_(1.8)Ga_(0.2))SiO_7, was obtained by substituting Ga~(3+) ions for some Al~(3+) ions in Ca_2Al_2SiO_7 crystal. The growth, structure and optical spectroscopic properties of Cr~(4+)-doped Ca_2(Al_(1.8)Ga_(0.2))SiO_7 were studied. It shows strong absorption at 693 and 762 nm and a broad emission band with peak wavelength at 1223 nm. Both the absorption and emission peaks of Cr_(4+)-doped Ca_2(Al_(1.8)Ga_(0.2))SiO_7 crystal are red-shifted in comparison with that of Cr~(4+)-doped Ca_2Al_2SiO_7 crystal due to its weaker lattice field. The investigation results show that there is only one kind of tetrahedral site for Cr~(4+) occupation in the lattice of Ca_2(Al_(1.8)Ga_(0.2))SiO_7 crystal.     

择优掺杂的La-Ca-Na-Mn-O体系的庞磁电阻效应

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备出择优掺杂的名义组分为La_(1-x)(Ca_(1-y)Na_y)_xMnO_3(LCNM)的多晶样品.xRD测试表明样品均为钙钛矿结构.电输运测试表明所有样品均发生金属-绝缘体转变和顺磁一铁磁转变(转变温度分别用T_m和T_c表示),转变温度随Na含量的增加而增加,但是由于Ca,Na离子间价态的不同引起的磁不均匀性,同时含Ca和Na的样品电输运曲线在T_m温度以下出现肩型鼓包,同时表现出增宽的顺磁·铁磁转变过程,磁电阻测量发现所有样品均表现出庞磁电阻(CMR)效应,但是由于磁不均匀性,y约为0.25的样品表现出两个CMR峰.     

Bi2Sr2CuO6的电子结构和铜氧对间电荷涨落

自发现含铋铜氧化物的高温超导性以来,采用各种复杂程度方法对电子结构的计算已经在文献中报道.它们集中讨论了能带结构,态密度和Fermi面的性质,但很少报道铜氧对间的电荷涨落。而价态变动对超导电性起着至关重要的作用,因此本文对Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6进行了紧束缚带计算,探讨了电子缺陷和氧呼吸式振动对铜和氧电荷分布的影响。