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针对当前多无源传感器数据关联算法构造关联代价时,未考虑位置估计不确定性所引入的误差,提出一种基于位置估计不确定性的被动传感器数据关联算法。首先通过量测与伪量测概率密度函数之间的瑞利熵构建关联代价函数,以准确描述两个相似的概率密度函数之间差异,然后通过具体实验测试本文算法的有效性和优越性。实验结果表明,相对于当前经典的数据关联算法,本文算法提高了数据关联的正确率和速度,具有更高的实际应用价值。  相似文献   

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The Renyi distribution ensuring the maximum of Renyi entropy is investigated for a particular case of a power-law Hamiltonian. Both Lagrange parameters alpha and beta can be eliminated. It is found that beta does not depend on a Renyi parameter q and can be expressed in terms of an exponent kappa of the power-law Hamiltonian and an average energy U. The Renyi entropy for the resulting Renyi distribution reaches its maximal value at q=1/(1+kappa) that can be considered as the most probable value of q when we have no additional information on the behavior of the stochastic process. The Renyi distribution for such q becomes a power-law distribution with the exponent -(kappa+1). When q=1/(1+kappa)+epsilon (0相似文献   

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《Physics letters. A》1998,244(4):229-236
Based on the qq−1 symmetric deformed entropy, we develop a general framework for nonextensive statistical mechanics of ensembles of q-deformed systems. Applying this doubly deformed formalism to q-bosons, a correction to the Planck law is evaluated in the weak deformation regime and its properties are discussed. It is found that at high temperature the dominant part of the correction comes from the deformation of the oscillator dynamics, whereas at low temperature the deformation of the entropy gives a leading contribution. This suggests the nonextensive approach to q-deformed ensembles might be important at low temperature.  相似文献   

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This note addresses a problem of nineteenth century applied mathematics—is it possible in the context of Hamiltonian mechanics to define a functionS of the generalized coordinates and momenta which is monotonically increasing along orbits? The question is of interest, because, for a sytem not in thermodynamic equilibrium, entropy should increase strictly monotonically along an orbit, and a negative answer implies that mechanical principles different from those of Hamiltonian mechanics must be introduced to explain thermodynamics. This note answers the question rigorously for Hamiltonian systems confined to an invariant region of finite volume in phase space; it is not possible to define a continuous function which increases monotonically along orbits. An appendix gives a translation of an 1889 paper of Poincaré addressing the same issue.  相似文献   

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We construct an entropy function such that statistical inference with respect to a partial measurement and a given a priori distribution is characterized by maximal entropy.  相似文献   

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We study a discrete dynamical system whose evolution is governed by rules similar to those of Conway's game of Life but also include a stochastic element (parametrized by a temperature). Statistical properties that are examined are density as a function of temperature and entropy (suitably defined). A phase transition and a certain thermodynamic constant of the motion are observed.Lady Davis Visiting Scientist at the Technion 1974–75.  相似文献   

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A unified treatment of viscoelasticity is developed in the framework of non-equilibrium classical statistical mechanics. An exact correspondence between Mori's continued-fractions formalism and rheological circuits is shown.  相似文献   

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On the basis of van der Waals theory for interfaces we evaluate explicitly the small-wavevector behavior of the pair correlation function along an interface. A correction to the density profile is also found. The results obtained are in full accord with capillary wave theory when wave amplitudes are regarded as small.  相似文献   

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In a closed economic system, money is conserved. Thus, by analogy with energy, the equilibrium probability distribution of money must follow the exponential Boltzmann-Gibbs law characterized by an effective temperature equal to the average amount of money per economic agent. We demonstrate how the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution emerges in computer simulations of economic models. Then we consider a thermal machine, in which the difference of temperatures allows one to extract a monetary profit. We also discuss the role of debt, and models with broken time-reversal symmetry for which the Boltzmann-Gibbs law does not hold. The instantaneous distribution of money among the agents of a system should not be confused with the distribution of wealth. The latter also includes material wealth, which is not conserved, and thus may have a different (e.g. power-law) distribution. Received 22 June 2000  相似文献   

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In this paper mathematical properties of local observables leading to well-defined entropy are discussed. Especially for the Bose-lattice-gas the finiteness and continuity of the local entropy is shown for every strong positive state.Talk given at the Symposium on Mathematical Methods in the Theory of Elementary Particles, Liblice castle, Czechoslovakia, June 18–23, 1978.  相似文献   

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《Annals of Physics》1985,160(1):149-193
The observed performance of electron-positron colliding-beam storage rings is poorly understood theoretically. The problem of a storage ring's behavior is a particular instance of statistical mechanics in an external environment that varies periodically with time, in the limit of weak—and not necessarily isotropic—friction and (additive) noise. As a practical starting point for a general theory of such problems, the following ansatz is suggested: Phase space submanifolds (tori) with fixed canonical actions are manifolds of approximately equal probability density. Such an approach is especially well suited to analysis of the long-time effects of nonlinear resonance on storage ring behavior. Formal consequences of this ansatz and some associated conceptual difficulties are discussed. These issues are considered from the standpoint of “two-time” analysis. An example of a concrete application, closely related to Kramers' analysis of noise-induced barrier crossing, is provided. This paper is meant to be self-contained, so that it can be understood by readers outside the storage-ring community.  相似文献   

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The minimum weight Steiner tree (MST) is an important combinatorial optimization problem over networks that has applications in a wide range of fields. Here we discuss a general technique to translate the imposed global connectivity constrain into many local ones that can be analyzed with cavity equation techniques. This approach leads to a new optimization algorithm for MST and allows us to analyze the statistical mechanics properties of MST on random graphs of various types.  相似文献   

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《Physica A》1995,213(4):500-524
The theory of mesoscopic fluctuations is applied to inhomogeneous solids consisting of chaotically distributed regions with different crystalline structure. This approach makes it possible to describe statistical properties of such mixture by constructing a renormalized Hamiltonian. The relative volumes occupied by each of the coexisting structures define the corresponding geometric probabilities. In the case of a frozen heterophase system these probabilities should be given a priori. And in the case of a thermal heterophase mixture the structural probabilities are to be defined self-consistently by minimizing a thermodynamical potential. This permits to find the temperature behavior of the probabilities which is especially important near the points of structural phase transitions. The presence of these structural fluctuations yields a softening of a crystal and a decrease of the effective Debye temperature. These effects can be directly seen by nuclear gamma resonance since the occurrence of structural fluctuations is accompanied by a noticeable sagging of the Mössbauer factor at the point of structural phase transition. The structural fluctuations also lead to the attenuation of sound and increase of isothermic compressibility.  相似文献   

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This paper exploits the connection between statistical mechanics and stochastic processes in order to derive a class of macroscopic observables for populations. This review treats the dynamics of populations in both constant and variable environments and derives in each case the thermodynamic analogs of the population parameters.  相似文献   

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