夸克喷注与胶子喷注角分布特性的研究

用蒙特卡洛模拟Jetset 7.4产生质心能量为91.2GeV的正负电子对撞事件. 在引入喷注的圆锥角后, 对不同味的夸克喷注和由不同味夸克发射的胶子产生的喷注的角分布特性进行了仔细研究. 结果发现, 在相同的能量下, 胶子喷注的角分布范围比夸克喷注的角分布范围要明显宽一些. 在带电粒子数、横动量相同的条件下, 胶子喷注的平均圆锥角比夸克喷注的平均圆锥角大很多. 喷注的平均圆锥角随带电多重数以及喷注的横动量的分布都呈线性正关联. 由不同味的夸克发射的胶子产生的喷注的圆锥角分布特性相同；而不同味的夸克喷注的圆锥角分布存在明显的差异.     

J/ψ共振参数的测定

利用北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)和北京谱仪(BES),测量了e+e－对撞束在J/ψ共振峰附近能区内末态为强子、e⁺e^－和μ⁺μ^－的实验观测截面,对这些截面的拟合得到J/ψ衰变宽度和分支比的新的实验测定值:Γ=84.4±8.9keV,Γh =74.1±8.1keV,Γe=5.14±0.39keV,Γμ=5.13±0.52keV, /=(87.8±0.5)%,Γe/Γ=(6.09±0.33)%,Γh/Γ=(6.08±0.33)%.     

改进Q2–重标度模型与部分子分布函数的核效应

针对原有的Q²-重标度模型中存在的问题,提出了改进的Q²-重标度模型,利用核动量守恒条件,采取对价夸克、海夸克、胶子进行不同的Q²-重标度来描述束缚核子内部分子动量分布. 利用改进的Q²-重标度模型所得到的束缚核子内部分子分布函数,对轻子-核深度非弹性散射过程,核Drell-Yan过程及J/ψ光生过程均给出较满意的解释.     

正负电子对撞多粒子末态的动力学起伏

运用Jetset产生器分别在实验室系和冲度轴坐标系中对e⁺e^—对撞多粒子末态中阶乘矩的标度性质进行了研究.在这两种情况下,用各向同性的相空间分割得到的三维InF₂～InM都近似于直线,表明e⁺e^－对撞末态相空间中的动力学起伏近似各向同性.在实验室系中由p_x,p_y,p_z的F²～M拟合Ochs公式得到的三个γ值近似相等;在冲度轴系中,在φ方向上适当选取起始拟合点,三个γ值也比较相近,进一步肯定了这一论断.这一结果表明,软、硬过程动力学起伏的本质特征──各向异性或(近似)各向同性,可以通过碰撞过程中阶乘矩标度性质的研究而揭示出来.因此,深入研究各种碰撞过程中阶乘矩的标度性质,对于了解碰撞动力学的本质有重要意义.     

相对论性核碰撞中K+/π+增强的输运模型解释

提出了一个研究相对论性核碰撞中K⁺/π⁺增强的简单的强子输运模型,指出了核子热运动和多次再散射效应的重要性.考虑了多次再散射,在合理的温度范围内(T～150MeV),可得到与实验相符合的K+/π+比值(～0.20).     

200A GeV S+Au反应中光子产生的低横动量增强

用建立在LUND弦模型特别是PYTHIA事件产生器基础上的描写极端相对论性核-核碰撞的强子和弦级联模型--JPCIAE研究了入射能量为200A GeV的S+Au中心碰撞中光子产生.模型同时考虑了部分子QCD散射过程、强子末态相互作用以及强子衰变等光子产生反应道并作了协调处理.JPCIAE模型计算结果很好再现了WA93实验数据所呈现的低横动量增强效应.     

ee0A GeV S+Au反应中光子产生的低横动量增强

用建立在LUND弦模型特别是PYTHIA事件产生器基础上的描写极端相对论性核一核碰撞的强子和弦级联模型—JPCIAE研究了入射能量为200A GeV的S+ Au中心碰撞中光子产生.模型同时考虑了部分子QCD散射过程、强子末态相互作用以及强子衰变等光子产生反应道并作了协调处理.JPCIAE模型计算结果很好再现了WA93实验数据所呈现的低横动量增强效应.     

改进Q￣2-重标度模型与部分子分布函数的核效应

针对原有的Ｑ￣２－重标度模型中存在的问题，提出了改进的Ｑ￣２－重标度模型，利用核动量守恒条件，采取对价夸克、海夸克、胶子进行不同的Ｑ￣２－重标度来描述束缚核子内部分子动量分布。利用改进的Ｑ￣２－重标度模型所得到的束缚核子内部分子分布函数，对轻子－核深度非弹性散射过程，核Ｄｒｅｌｌ－Ｙａｎ过程及Ｊ／ψ光生过程均给出较满意的解释     

Electromagnetic Interactions of High Energy Cosmic Ray Muons

This paper investigates the electromagnetic interactions of muons. The various processes such as knock-on electron-, bremsstrahlung-, direct electron pair production, and nuclear interactions are described in detail. The energy range concerned extends from 10⁹ eV up to 10¹⁵ eV for primary muons and from 10⁸ eV up to 10¹⁴ eV for energy transfers to the secondaries. On the one hand the measurement of muon interactions represents a test of quantum electrodynamics. On the other hand the high energies available in cosmic rays would possibly lead to the measurement of new processes or the detection of new particles. One hopes to find in the high energy domain the answer to the question why the muon exists at all and if there are properties (apart from differences in mass, lifetime, and lepton number) which distinguish it from a mere heavy electron. The different experimental techniques are described and the various experimental results on muon interactions are presented and compared with relevant QED-theories. Observed deviations between theory and experiment and anomalies in muon interactions are critically investigated and discussed in the light of experimental difficulties and interpretation problems. In general, agreement between theory and experiment is found, i.e. QED-theories describe the results adequately. However, some experiments claim to have detected anomalies in muon physics in the cosmic ray beam. But the hypotheses on new processes and new particles in the high energy range do not withstand a critical analysis. It is concluded that the observed deviations can be understood in the framework of conventional theories.     

超高能软强子作用的Chou－Yang模型

用Ｃｈｏｕ－Ｙａｎｇ模型构造了一个用于＝２６ＧｅＶ到２２ＴｅＶ的软强子非单衍相互作用ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ产生器．结合大横动量喷注产生过程的ｐＱＣＤ计算和相应的部分子强子化方案，较好地再现了高能区实验的结果．平滑地外推到超高能区，预言了非弹性度随能量下降的趋势．     

高能宇宙射线数值模拟中能谱指数的标定

在利用TeV能区宇宙射线数值模拟数据研究朝前区强子相互作用时, 需要足够多的低空簇射事例样本。提出了可以通过降低FIXCHI（宇宙射线第一次相互作用高度）来提高高能宇宙射线数值模拟效率,但对相应的能谱指数进行标定是必要的。以1 TeV处直达概率为标准, 得到各能区的能谱强度, 并采用将能谱强度与能量进行线性拟合, 以标定能谱指数的方法, 使宇宙射线数值模拟的效率及准确率都大大提高。 In the study of hadronic interaction in the forward region by the simulation of cosmic ray, it is necessary to simulate large numbers of cosmic ray events with low first interaction height. We confirmed that by reducing the FIXCHI the efficiency of cosmic ray simulation can be improved. But the calibration for energy slope is needed. We got the energy slope based on the probability of direct arrived events with energy of 1 TeV, and fitted the intensity of spectrum with energy to make certain the energy slope of high energy cosmic ray. By this way, the efficiency and precision of cosmic ray simulation is greatly improved.     

Modeling Source Spectra and Composition of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays

The inverse problem of cosmic ray transport of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is considered. The source spectrum and composition are derived based on the recent Auger data on energy spectrum, energy dependence of mean logarithm of atomic mass number and its variance. The dependence of results on the extrapolation of observable spectrum beyond energies 10²⁰ eV is investigated.

     

QCD Predictions for Spin Dependence of Parton Distributions

We introduce the polarized valon distributions to describe the spin dependence of parton distributions. The polarized valon distributions in the proton and polarized parton distributions inside the valon can help to obtain polarized parton distribution in a proton. In order to be able to obtain the spin contribution of sea quarks, we need to improve the valon model. We employ the Bernstein polynomial averages to obtain the unknown parameters which exist in our calculations. Our results for the polarized proton structure function, xg^p₁, are in good agreement with the experimental data for some values of Q².     

Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Study Results by Radio Emission Technique at Yakutsk Array

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The Yakutsk array is designed to study cosmic rays at energy 1015–1020 eV. The array detects charged particles, muons, Cherenkov light and radio emission....     

宇宙线高能族事例中的共线现象

通过对甘巴拉山K0—K7乳胶室所观测到的部分族事例与运用COSMOS,CORSIKA程序产生的模拟族事例进行了可分辨能量中心(EDC)的共线性的分析,结果表明:在实验族事例中,共线事例产生的份额随族的总观测能的增高而上升;而传统的模拟计算不能解释共线现象这一特征.文中还对族事例中γ线与强子的判别标准进行了讨论.     

Global Characteristics of the Medium Produced in Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Collisions

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - Estimations of some geometrical and bulk parameters are presented for the matter produced in various type collisions with ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) particles....     

宇宙线高能族事例产生特征的模拟与实验研究

利用在EAS实验的模拟计算中被广泛采用的CORSIKA程序,基于强相互作用模型QGSJET和DPMJET,对甘巴拉山乳胶室实验高能族事例的产生特征进行了Monte Carlo模拟.给出了不同能区原初宇宙线各种成分产生族事例的效率及其与原初能量的关系.将模拟计算得到的族事例的平均横向扩展、族中簇射成员数、族的总观测能等的分布及其平均值,与相应的实验结果进行了系统的比较,结果基本相符.此外,模拟族事例也存在与实验相类似的能量集中趋势