等容条件下H2O-CO2-CH4混合流体的高温拉曼光谱就位分析

 以合成包裹体作为腔体，用显微激光拉曼探针就位分析了H₂O-CO₂-CH₄混合流体的高温特性。研究结果表明，在高温下，CH₄和CO₂相互之间对各自拉曼光谱的影响不大，水分子对它们的拉曼峰有比较大的影响。在等容条件下，流体均一前，随着温度的升高，水分子的氢键几乎呈线性减少，均一为气相的流体，水分子伸缩振动拉曼峰的变化与一般气体变化相似；随着温度升高，体系压力的增加，最大峰频率呈很微小的降低趋势。均一为液相的流体中的水分子，在均一温度时，氢键变化发生了转折，均一后流体中水分子的氢键受温度的影响比均一前明显要小，在测量的最高温度520 ℃，水分子存在着一定的氢键作用。一直到拉曼光谱测量的最高温度580 ℃还未均一的流体，液相中水分子存在比较强的氢键作用。     

高密度流体He+H2混合物物态方程研究

选择高密度流体He H2混合物作为研究对象，用Ree混合规则和van der Waals单组分流体变分微扰理论加量子力学一级修正模型编制计算程序。作为对计算模型及其程序的检验，首先用已有的α-exp-6优化势参数，计算了T=300K的He H2混合物的等温相平衡线，得到了与实验值和分子动力学(MD)数值模拟一致的结果，然后进一步计算了0～60GPa和50～7000K压力温度范围内的流体He H2混合物(He H2分别为1：1、1：3、3：1摩尔比)的高压物态方程。与Monte-Carlo模拟数据所进行的比较表明，在低温下，量子力学修正对热力学量的计算是重要的。     

以合成包裹体为腔体进行高温下流体的拉曼光谱原位分析

在冷封口的水热高压容器中 ,合成了组成分别为H2 O 4 2 0wt%CO2 和H2 O 8 4 2wt%CO2 的两种流体包裹体。以此合成的包裹体作为腔体 ,用显微激光拉曼探针测量了其中液态流体在 2 90 0～ 380 0cm-1范围的高温拉曼光谱 ,对其中液态水的氢键随温度的变化进行了讨论。研究结果表明 ,随着温度升高 ,流体中水分子的氢键作用不断减弱。组成为H2 O 4 2 0wt%CO2 的包裹体 ,在 372℃均一为液体 ,均一时 ,水分子的氢键发生了突变 ,均一后 ,氢键受温度的影响比较小 ,到 5 5 0℃它还存在着比较强的氢键作用。组成为H2 O 8 4 2wt%CO2 的流体在 6 0 6℃时由气液两相变为纯气相 ,一直到拉曼光谱测量的最高温度 5 80℃ ,液态水还保持着比较强的氢键作用。     

ZrO_2-水纳米流体管内层流流动特性的实验研究

实验研究了粒径为50 nm,质量分数为0.2%,0.4%,0.8%,1.2%的ZrO_2-水纳米流体分别在弯管和直管内的流动特性以及纳米流体的稳定性.实验结果表明:通过加入分散剂使纳米流体稳定性得到显著提高,在相同温度的层流状态下,弯管的流动阻力系数大于直管.纳米流体的黏度随着质量分数的增大而增大,在相同Re下,纳米流体在层流区内阻力系数随纳米流体质量分数的增加而增大.     

高密度流体He+H_2混合物物态方程研究

选择高密度流体He +H2 混合物作为研究对象 ,用Ree混合规则和vanderWaals单组分流体变分微扰理论加量子力学一级修正模型编制计算程序。作为对计算模型及其程序的检验 ,首先用已有的α exp 6优化势参数 ,计算了T =30 0K的He +H2 混合物的等温相平衡线 ,得到了与实验值和分子动力学 (MD)数值模拟一致的结果 ,然后进一步计算了 0～ 60GPa和 5 0～ 70 0 0K压力温度范围内的流体He+H2 混合物 (He∶H2 分别为 1∶1、1∶3、3∶1摩尔比 )的高压物态方程。与Monte Carlo模拟数据所进行的比较表明 ,在低温下 ,量子力学修正对热力学量的计算是重要的     

硫酸根拉曼频移用于深海热液温度探测的方法探讨

作为一种典型的深海极端环境,热液区域不仅分布着各种硫化物矿产,而且孕育着特殊的生态群落,对热液流体理化性质的研究有助于深入了解热液的运动机制。激光拉曼光谱技术除了定性分析方面的优势外,已经被逐步用于定量分析,并且在原位探测中发挥了重要作用。该研究模拟了深海热液喷口流体的高温高压环境,探讨了水分子和硫酸根离子的拉曼光谱在热液流体温度探测中的应用价值。通过对水峰ν₁（H₂O）、硫酸根ν₁(SO2-₄)的拉曼频移与温度、离子浓度的关系进行研究,结果表明水峰ν₁（H₂O）和硫酸根ν₁(SO2-₄)的拉曼频移随温度表现出明显的变化,水峰ν₁（H₂O）的拉曼频移受流体硫酸根浓度的影响明显,因此不适用于硫酸根离子浓度变化明显的热液流体温度的测量。相比之下,ν₁(SO2-₄)的拉曼频移对流体硫酸根浓度和流体压力不敏感,为温度的反演提供了很好的依据。建立了ν₁(SO2-₄)的拉曼频移与温度的线性方程：Rν₁(SO2-₄)=-0.03T+980.69,其中,R2=0.998 6,可用于对深海热液喷口流体温度的原位探测等实际应用。     

用BWR方程关联CO2在超临界区的PVT数据

通常将高于临界温度和临界压力的物质状态称之为流体状态。由于超临界流体兼有液体和气体的双重性质，具有很强的溶解能力和良好的流动、输运性质。基于这些特性，超临界流体被广泛地应用于食品、医药、生物工程、化工、环保、超临界清洗等诸领域，而在超临界流体中研究和应用最多的体系就是超临界CO2(supercritical carbon dioxide，SCCO2)。     

γ-Al_2O_3纳米流体导热系数与稳定性影响因素分析

通过两步法制备了不同体积浓度的γ-Al_2O_3纳米流体,并添加不同质量分数的十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDS)和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为分散剂。分析了温度以及两种表面活性剂对γ-Al_2O_3纳米流体稳定性和导热系数的影响。试验结果表明,非离子型表面活性剂PVP比阴离子表面活性剂SDS具有更好的分散效果。随着表面活性剂浓度的增加,纳米流体的导热系数呈先增加后减小的趋势,适当的粒子浓度与活性剂浓度比例有利于提高纳米流体的导热系数。     

看到超冷费米原子气的超流相变

气体或液体的超流相变是指：在临界温度Tc以下时,流体的流动将不伴随有摩擦损耗．更为细致的理解是,这要看流体的热力学参数随温度的变化,例如,当液态氦-4温度降到2．17K以下时,进入到超流态,与此同时,     

磁性流体的法拉第旋转

介绍了磁性流体拉法第旋转的形成原因，影响因素及数学模型，结果表明，磁性流本中磁性粒子磁场中成链状结构的链长度对拉法第旋转的形成起决定作用，磁场强度，磁性流体饱和磁化强度，样品池厚度，光波长及温度等都具有一定作用。     

Magnetic ordering in HoRu2Si2, HoRh2Si2, TbRh2Si2 and TbIr2Si2 by neutron diffraction

Neutron diffraction study of polycrystalline HoRu₂Si₂, HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂, and TbIr₂Si₂ was performed in the temperature range between 4.2 and 300 K. For HoRu₂Si₂ the magnetic spin alignment of a linear transverse wave mode below the Néel temperature 19 K is observed. This static moment wave is propagating along the b-axis with k=(0, 0.2, 0) and is polarized in the c-axis. The root-mean-square and maximum saturation moments per Ho atom are 9.26 and 13.09μ_B, respectively. HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂ an TbIr₂Si₂ are simple collinear antiferromagnets of +-+- type with Néel temperatures of (27±1), (98±2) and (72±3) K, respectively. For TbRh₂Si₂ and TbIr₂Si₂ magnetic moments are localized on RE ions only and are aligned along the tetragonal axis, while for HoRh₂Si₂ they form an angle ø = (28±3)°.     

13C-selective IRMPD of CBr2F2/Cl2 and CCl2F2/Br2 systems

The CO₂ TEA laser irradiation of CBr₂F₂ in the presence of Cl₂ yielded ¹³C-enriched CBrClF₂ and ¹³C-enriched CCl₂F₂ under selected experimental conditions. As the photolysis proceeded, the ¹³C concentration of CBrClF₂ decreased gradually and that of CCl₂F₂ increased up to 90% or higher. These results can be explained by the mechanism involving the secondary ¹³C-selective IRMPD of the primary product CBrClF₂. On the other hand, the carbon-containing product for a CCl₂F₂/Br₂ system was only CBrClF₂; the further IRMPD of which probably regenerated CBrClF₂ in the presence of Br₂. The decomposition probabilities of ¹²C- and ¹³C-containing molecules in both systems were measured as functions of laser line, laser fluence, and reactant pressures.     

μ+SR study of LaNi2As2, URh2Si2 and CeRh2Si2

Muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the paramagnetic and magnetically ordered states of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂. As the magnetic structure of these compounds is well known, these measurements can help to characterise their magnetic properties probed by μSR and to understand the μSR results of the heavy fermion compounds of the same crystallographic family. Our measurements show that the muons occupy two different crystallographic sites. The spectra of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂ in the magnetically ordered states are very different, probably reflecting their different magnetic structures. The spectra obtained on CeRh₂Si₂ are similar to the published spectra of the heavy fermion compound CeCu_2.1 Si₂. Muon spin rotation measurements on LaNi₂As₂ indicate that the muon is diffusing at 150 K.     

Superconductivity in LaPd_2Bi_2 with CaBe_2Ge_2-type structure

正Since the discovery of superconductivity in LaFeAsO_(1-x)F_x,the high-T_c iron-based superconductors have been extensively studied from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints [1-8]. However, the mechanism of the unconventional superconductivity is still to be resolved. To     

Eu2+掺杂CaSi2O2N2荧光粉发光性能

采用固相反应法合成了组成为Ca_1-xEu_xSi₂O₂N₂的Eu²⁺掺杂CaSi₂O₂N₂荧光粉.通过荧光光谱对样品的发光性能进行了研究,发现Eu²⁺掺杂CaSi₂O₂N₂荧光粉发射光谱为宽波段的单峰结构,主要包含绿光和黄光区,发射峰在556~568 nm.从发射光谱的宽带特征来看,CaSi₂O₂N₂:Eu²⁺的发射主要对应着Eu²⁺离子4f⁶5d→4f⁷跃迁.从激发光谱所覆盖的范围还可以看到,样品可以有效的被UV蓝-光激发,这意味着该类荧光粉在白光LED方面有可能得到广泛的应用.另外,样品的发光性能与激发离子的浓度有着很大关系.激发离子浓度增大时,发射光谱会发生明显红移.利用这一性质,可以通过改变Eu²⁺浓度来调节荧光粉的发光范围,从而满足不同场合的需要.同时,Eu²⁺浓度提高,样品发射光谱的强度也会随之增强,在x=0.06时发射强度达到最大值,之后继续增加Eu²⁺浓度,强度不仅没有增加反而降低,即出现浓度猝灭现象.     

Polar optic phonons in Hg2Cl2 and Hg2Br2

Far infrared (30–430 cm^?1) reflectivity measurements of Hg₂Cl₂ and Hg₂Br₂ single crystals have been performed in polarized light. The spectra, which are in agreement with group-theoretical predictions, were analyzed by the oscillator fitting procedure and Kramers-Kronig method. The results are compared with the existing data from other measurements and the large anisotropy of polar modes is briefly discussed. The polarization vectors of all long-wavelength symmetry modes were determined group-theoretically.     

Magnetostriction of SmMn2Ge2 and GdMn2Ge2 intermetallic compounds

Longitudinal and transverse magnetostrictions of polycrystalline samples of intermetallic compounds RMn₂Ge₂ (R=Sm or Gd) are measured in pulsed magnetic fields up to 250 kOe. It is found that linear magnetostrictive strains of about 10^?3 arise in a temperature range in which the magnetic field causes a change in the magnetic state of a manganese magnetic subsystem. The results obtained are described within the model of a two-sublattice ferrimagnet with a negative exchange interaction in the manganese subsystem in terms of a strong dependence of this interaction on interatomic distances.     

X-ray photoemission spectra measurements of CeNi2Sb2 and CeCu2Sb2

X-ray photoemission spectra, resistivity and susceptibility of CeNi₂Sb₂ and CeCu₂Sb₂ were measured and are discussed. The results indicate that these alloys are Kondo systems. For comparison of the valence band properties, the spectra of the isostructural alloys of RT₂X₂-type with R = La, Gd, T = Cu, Ni and X = Sn, Sb were investigated, too.