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1.
Electron paramagnetic resonance techniques are used to determine the phase transition temperature Tc of Ni(NH3)6I2 as a function of hydrostatic pressure. The hydrostatic pressure causes Tc to increase and the value of the pressure coefficient dTc/dp is (10 ± 2) K/GPa. Tc and dTc/dp for hexammine halides is calculated on the basis of the “rigid-sphere model” and good agreement with the experimental data is obtained.  相似文献   

2.
A method for the measurement of the rotational viscosity, γ1 of nematic liquid crystals under high pressure is described. First measurements for the liquid crystals 4'-methoxybenzylidene-4-n-butylaniline, a broad range nematic mixture of substituted cyclohexyl-phenyls and a re-entrant nematic mixture are presented.  相似文献   

3.
Reaction of the activated mixture of Re2(CO)10, Me3NO and MeOH with a 1:1 mixture of rac (d/l)- and meso-1,1,4,7,10,10-hexaphenyl-1,4,7,10-tetraphosphadecane (hptpd) yields a mixture of (d/l)- and meso-[{Re2(μ-OMe)2(CO)6}2(μ,μ′-hptpd)] 1. The diastereomers can be easily separated by selective dissolution of d/l-1 in benzene, and give clearly distinguishable 1H- and 31P-NMR spectra. The fluxional behavior of d/l-1 in solution has been studied by variable-temperature 1H- and 31P-{1H}-NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structures of both d/l- and meso-1 have been determined. Both molecules consist of two {Re2(μ-OMe)2(CO)6} moieties which are bridged by the two P---CH2---CH2---P moieties of the hptpd ligand. Whilst the molecules of meso-1 possess crystallographic i-symmetry, those of d/l-1 do not have any crystallographic symmetry. These diastereomers therefore give clearly distinguishable Raman spectra in the solid state. Reaction of tris[2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]phosphine (tdppep) with the activated mixture affords the complex [{Re2(μ-OMe)2(CO)6}(μ,η2-tdppep)] 2, and the analogous reaction involving bis[2-diphenylphospinoethyl)phenylphosphine (triphos) gives [{Re2(μ-OMe)2(CO)6}(μ,μ′,η3-triphos){Re2(CO)9}] 3 and [{Re2(μ-OMe)2(CO)6}(μ,η2-triphos)] 4.  相似文献   

4.
The DANTE technique and NOESY two-dimensional method have been employed to observe the isomerization of the chiral cationic complex [Pd(η3-CH2CMeCH2(P-P′)]+ (1a), where P-P′ = the chiral chelating ligand (S)(N-diphenylphosphino)(2-diphenylphosphinoxymethyl)pyrrolidine. The rate constant was found to be 0.5 s−1 in CHCl3 at 295 K and 1.50 s−1 in the presence of added free ligand. In the latter case the epimerization proceeds by a π-σ-π mechanism via the intermediacy of a primary η1-allylpalladium complex. Although the intermediate was not detected, the NMR findings reveal that it has the allylic terminus η1-bonded to palladium. The structure of 1a in its PF6 salt has been determined. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with a 10.029(4) b 19.203(8) c 36.115(6) Å, Z = 8, R = 0.0572 and Rw = 0.0712 for 3716 observed reflections with I > 3σ(I).  相似文献   

5.
The compound [RU332- -ampy)(μ3η12-PhC=CHPh)(CO)6(PPh3)2] (1) (ampy = 2-amino-6-methylpyridinate) has been prepared by reaction of [RU3(η-H)(μ32- ampy) (μ,η12-PhC=CHPh)(CO)7(PPh3)] with triphenylphosphine at room temperature. However, the reaction of [RU3(μ-H)(μ3, η2 -ampy)(CO)7(PPh3)2] with diphenylacetylene requires a higher temperature (110°C) and does not give complex 1 but the phenyl derivative [RU332-ampy)(μ,η 12 -PhC=CHPh)(μ,-PPh2)(Ph)(CO)5(PPh3)] (2). The thermolysis of complex 1 (110°C) also gives complex 2 quantitatively. Both 1 and 2 have been characterized by0 X-ray diffraction methods. Complex 1 is a catalyst precursor for the homogeneous hydrogenation of diphenylacetylene to a mixture of cis- and trans -stilbene under mild conditions (80°C, 1 atm. of H2), although progressive deactivation of the catalytic species is observed. The dihydride [RU3(μ-H)232-ampy)(μ,η12- PhC=CHPh)(CO)5(PPh3)2] (3), which has been characterized spectroscopically, is an intermediate in the catalytic hydrogenation reaction.  相似文献   

6.
Two novel hydrogen maleato (HL) bridged Cu(II) complexes 1[Cu(phen)Cl(HL)2/2] 1 and 1[Cu(phen)(NO3)(HL)2/2] 2 were obtained from reactions of 1,10-phenanthroline, maleic acid with CuCl2·2H2O and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, respectively, in CH3OH/H2O (1:1 v/v) at pH=2.0 and the crystal structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Both complexes crystallize isostructurally in the monoclinic space group P21/n with cell dimensions: 1 a=8.639(2) Å, b=15.614(3) Å, c=11.326(2) Å, β=94.67(3)°, Z=4, Dcalc=1.720 g/cm3 and 2 a=8.544(1) Å, b=15.517(2) Å, c=12.160(1) Å, β=90.84(8)°, Z=4, Dcalc=1.734 g/cm3. In both complexes, the square pyramidally coordinated Cu atoms are bridged by hydrogen maleato ligands into 1D chains with the coordinating phen ligands parallel on one side. Interdigitation of the chelating phen ligands of two neighbouring chains via π–π stacking interactions forms supramolecular double chains, which are then arranged in the crystal structures according to pseudo 1D close packing patterns. Both complexes exhibit similar paramagnetic behavior obeying Curie–Weiss laws χm(T−θ)=0.414 cm3 mol−1 K with the Weiss constants θ=−1.45, −1.0 K for 1 and 2, respectively.  相似文献   

7.
Irradiation of the 30-electron Mo25-C5Me5)2(CO)4 and Re2(CO)10 in toluene solution (containing H2O) afforded (in 1–2% yields) a novel triangular metal cluster, (η5-C5Me5)3Mo3(CO)42-H)(η3-O) (1), which was characterized by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Compound 1, of pseudo Cs-m symmetry, has a triangulo-Mo33-O) core with composite Mo---H---Mo and Mo---Mo electron-pair bonds along one unusually short edge (2.660(1) Å) and Mo--- electron-pair bonds along the other two edges (2.916(1) and 2.917(1) Å). The edge-bridged hydride ligand, which displays a characteristic high-field proton NMR resonance at δ −17.79 ppm, was not found from the crystallographic determination but was located via a quantitative potential-energy-minimization method. This procedure unambiguously established that the optimized hydrogen position, which corresponds to a distinct coordination site with identical Mo---H distances of 1.85 Å, is the only one that can be sterically occupied by a metal-bound hydride ligand. This 46-electron species is the first electron-deficient trimolybdenum cluster containing a monoprotonated Mo---Mo double bond; its existence is attributed to ligand overcrowding due to the bulky pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rings. Black (η5- C5Me5)3Mo3(CO)42-H)(η3-O) · 1/2THF crystallizes with two formula species in a triclinic unit cell of P1 symmetry with a 8.603(4), b 11.115(4), c 19.412(11) Å, 80.69(4)°, β 101.10(4)°, and γ 98.88(3)° at −40° C. Least-squares refinement (RAELS with 221 variables) of one independent Mo3 molecule and a centrosymmetrically-disordered THF molecule converged at R1(F) 5.62%, R2(F 6.88% for 8460 independent diffractometry data (I0 ρ 3σ(I0 collected at −40° C with Mo-K radiation  相似文献   

8.
We report measurements of the dynamics of the magnetic Frederiks transition in nematics consisting of disc-like molecules. In this paper the results are presented for three 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexakis(p-alkoxybenzoyloxy)triphenylenes, which exhibit a normal nematic phase, and for three 2, 3, 7, 8, 12, 13-hexa(alkanoyloxy)truxenes, which exhibit an inverted nematic phase. We find that the thermal dependence of a bend viscosity coefficient (γ*1) can be accurately described by the expression, γ*1S2 exp (Ea/kT). The absolute value of γ*1 is found to be higher (by a factor of 10-100) than is commonly encountered in nematics consisting of rod-like molecules.  相似文献   

9.
Two alkyl (1b and 1c) and four fluoroalkyl derivatives (1d-1f) of 4-arylbutyric acid (1c, 1d and 1e) and 4-arylbutanol (1b, 1f and 1g) [aryl = 2',3'-difluoro-4'-(2-(E-4-pentylcyclohexyl)ethyl)-biphenyl-1-yl] were prepared and investigated in the pure form as nematic materials (1b and 1c) and as additives to a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) host (1d-1f). A comparison of 1b and 1c with the decyl analogue 1a demonstrates the effect of terminal chain modification on thermal and electro-optical properties. The substitution of the -CH2O- (1b) or -COO- (1c) for -CH2CH2- in 1a destabilized the N and SmA phases or completely eliminated the smectic behaviour (1c). Dielectric analysis revealed that the chain modification increased the negative Δε, reduced elastic constant K 11 and moderately decreased rotational viscosity γ1. The temperature dependence of the key electro-optical parameters was analysed for ester 2, the methyl analogue of 1c, which exhibits a 45 K wide N phase. All four fluoroalkyl derivatives 1d-1f showed enantiotropic SmA phases and 1e also exhibited a monotropic SmC phase. Solutions of 1d-1f in a FLC host (0.2 mmol g-1) increased the tilt angle Θ (up to 45° for 1g), reduced rotational viscosity γ1 and the risetime τ. The most dramatic changes were observed for 1g, which contains 15 fluorine atoms.  相似文献   

10.
The neutral nitrogen-bidentate ligand, diphenylbis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane, Ph2CPz′2, can readily be obtained by the reaction of Ph2CCl2 with excess HPz′ in a mixed-solvent system of toluene and triethylamine. It reacts with [Mo(CO)6] in 1,2-dimethoxyethane to give the η2-arene complex, [Mo(Ph2CPz′2)(CO)3] (1). This η2-ligation appears to stabilize the coordination of Ph2CPz′ 2 in forming [Mo(Ph2CPz′2)(CO)2(N2C6H4NO2-p)][BPh4] (2) and [Mo(Ph2CPz′2)(CO)2(N2Ph)] [BF4] (3) from the reaction of 1 with the appropriate diazonium salt but the stabilization seems not strong enough when [Mo{P(OMe)3} 3(CO)3] is formed from the reaction of 1 with P(OMe)3. The solid-state structures of 1 and 3 have been determined by X-ray crystallography: 1-CH2Cl2, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 11.814(3), b = 11.7929(12), c = 19.46 0(6) Å, β = 95.605(24)°, V = 2698.2(11) Å3, Z = 4, Dcalc = 1.530 g/cm3 , R = 0.044, Rw = 0.036 based on 3218 reflections with I > 2σ(I); 2 (3)-1/2 hexane-1/2 CH3OH-1/2 H2O-1 CH2Cl2, monoclinic, C2/c, a = 41.766(10), b = 20.518(4), c = 16.784(3) Å, β = 101.871(18)°, V = 14076(5) Å3, Z = 8, Dcalc = 1.457 g/cm3, R = 0.064, Rw = 0.059 based on 5865 reflections with I > 2σ(I). Two independent cations were found in the asymmetric unit of the crystals of 3. The average distance between the Mo and the two η2-ligated carbon atoms is 2.574 Å in 1 and 2.581 and 2.608 Å in 3. The unfavourable disposition of the η2-phenyl group with respect to the metal centre in 3 and the rigidity of the η2-arene ligation excludes the possibility of any appreciable agostic C---H → Mo interaction.  相似文献   

11.
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a biologically active molecule involved in muscular metabolism. It crystallises in the C; space group with a = 24.725 Å b = 5,427 Å c = 8,004 Å β = 100,2° (Z = 4)

In the crystal, acid and basic groups are engaged in hydrogen bonds whose strength is evaluated through IR frequencies. Molecular conformation in the solid state is defined by τ1 = /t-177° τ2 = −38° φ = −96° ψ = +131° χ1 = 181° χ21 = 62°

NMR study of carnosine in aqueous solution indicates that rotation about CH2-CH2 is free and that the other angles take the following values: Ø −150° or −90° and X1 = 165° or 315°. Infrared and Raman spectra suggest that τ2 undergoes small changes when going from crystal to solution while ψ is close to +150°.  相似文献   


12.
In this paper, we report measurements of the viscoelastic properties of nematic liquid crystals which exhibit a glass transition in the nematic phase. We have studied the Freedericksz transition in planar cells with a magneto-optical method. K1 was determined from the critical field, and the rotational viscosity, γ1, from the response time for the director orientation by the external field. We found a temperature dependence of γ1 of the Vogel type, with absolute values ranging over several orders of magnitude, and K1 values similar to those of conventional thermotropic low molar mass nematics.  相似文献   

13.
The heat capacities of NaNO3 and KNO3 were determined from 350 to 800 K by differential scanning calorimetry. Solid-solid transitions and melting were observed at 550 and 583 K for NaNO3 and 406 and 612 K for KNO3, respectively. The entropies associated with the solid-solid transitions were measured to be (8.43± 0.25) J K−1 mole−1 for NaNO3 and (13.8±0.4) J K−1 mole−1 for KNO3. At 298.15 K the values of C0P S0P, {H0(T)-H0(0)}/T and -{G0(T)-H0(0)}/T, respectively, are 91.94, 116.3, 57.73, and 58.55 J K−1 mole−1 for NaNO3 and 95.39, 133.0, 62.93, and 70.02 J K−1 mole−1 for KNO3. Values for S0T, {H0(T)-H0(0)}/T, and -{G0(T)-H0(0)}/T were calculated and tabulated from 15 to 800 K for NaNO3 and KNO3.  相似文献   

14.
The dependence of the Stern potential, ψ1, of glass samples on the distance between these, H, has been theoretically calculated, while taking into account the Stern isotherm and the electroneutrality equation. Comparison of the theoretical dependences ψ1(C)H→∞ with those previously experimentally obtained enables one to calculate the energy of adsorption of OH ions on glass and, further, the dependence ψ1(H). It has been shown that for pH 4–6 and CKCl = 10-2-10-5 mol/L, the value of ψ1 practically does not depend on H. The result obtained was used to calculate theoretically the ionic-electrostatic forces and to compute (from the experimental values of the interaction forces) structural forces Us(H). The dependence thus obtained, Us(H), is of exponential character.  相似文献   

15.
Reaction of phenyl magnesium bromide with the ,β-unsaturated ketone 3-methyl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydroind-8(9)-en-1-one, followed by an aqueous work-up, generates the pro-chiral tetra-substituted cyclopentadiene, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene, CpH, a precursor to the η5-cyclopentadienyl ligand in (Cp)2Fe and [(Cp)Fe(CO)]2(μ-CO)2. Both complexes were generated as mixtures of rac-(RR and SS)- and meso-(RS)-isomers, and in either case pure meso-isomer was isolated by crystallisation and characterised by single crystal X-ray structure, both molecules having crystallographic Ci symmetry. Reduction with Na/Hg cleaves meso-(RS)-[(Cp)Fe(CO)]2(μ-CO)2 and the resulting mixture of (R)- and (S)-[(Cp)Fe(CO)2] anions reacts with MeI to give racemic (Cp)Fe(CO)2Me, which was characterised by the X-ray crystal structure. The Cp ligand is more electron donating than (η-C5H5) as revealed by the reduction potential of the (Cp)2Fe+/(Cp)2Fe couple, E°=−0.127 V (vs. Ag  AgCl). Reaction of LiCp with ZrCl4 yields the zirconocene dichloride [Zr(Cp)2Cl2] as mixture of rac- and meso-isomers, from which pure rac-isomer is obtained as a mixture of RR and SS crystals by recrystallisation. The reaction of rac-[Zr(Cp)2Cl2] with LiMe gives rac-[Zr(Cp)2Me2]. The structures of RR-[Zr(Cp)2Cl2] and rac-[Zr(Cp)2Me2] have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The structural studies reveal the influence of the bulky substituted cyclopentadienyl ligand on the metal---Cp distances and other metric parameters.  相似文献   

16.
The structure of the complex [Ni(hmt)(NCS)2(H2O)2]n, assembled by hexamethylenetetramine (hmt) and octahedral Ni(II), is reported. Crystal data: Fw 351.07, a=9.885(10) Å, b=12.06(1) Å, c=12.505(8) Å, β=114.41(4)°, V=1357(1) Å3, Z=4, space group=C2/c, T=173 K, λ(MoK)=0.71070 Å, ρcalc=1.718 gcm−1, μ=17.44 cm−1, R=0.099, Rw=0.145. The tetrahedral assembling template effect of the hmt molecule is completed by two coordination bonds and two hydrogen interactions. The UV–vis absorption spectrum of this complex [Ni(hmt)(NCS)2(H2O)2]n with a two-dimensional network is determined in the range of 5000–35000 cm−1 at room temperature. The observed spectrum is discussed and explained perfectly by the scaling radial theory proposed by us. The two-dimensional structure has no apparent effects on the d–d transitions of the central Ni(II) ion. The IR spectrum and the GT curve of the complex were also measured and clearly reflect its structural properties.  相似文献   

17.
Samples of liquid crystalline poly(γ-benzyl-glutamate) solutions are sheared between glass surfaces with gaps, d = 10-500 μ, and shearing velocities, V = 0·05-10 000 μs-1 so that the Ericksen number EVdγ1/K is varied over a large range, E ≈ 1-107. Here γ1 is the rotational viscosity and K1 is the Frank splay constant, with γ1/K1 estimated to be approximately 1 s μ-2 for our samples. We observe by polarizing microscopy a sequence of transitions with increasing Ericksen number analogous to that observed in small molecule tumbling nematics: namely rotation of the director out of the shearing plane and into the vorticity direction at Vd ≈ 25 μ2 s-1, and formation of roll cells at Vd ≈ 50 μ2 s-1. The roll cells become finer with increased Vd in accord with predictions of linear stability theory using the Leslie-Ericksen equations, and at Vd ≳ 500 μ2 s-1, the cells become very irregular, producing director turbulence. The turbulence becomes finer in scale as Vd increases, reaching sub-micron, and possibly molecular scales when Vd ≧ 105 μ2 s-1. At the highest velocities, transitions in orientation and texture are controlled by the Deborah number De≡λV/d, where λ is the molecular relaxation time, and uniform texture-free samples are obtained when De ≳ 5.  相似文献   

18.
High resolution vibration-rotation spectra of 13C2H2 were recorded in a number of regions from 2000 to 5200 cm−1 at Doppler or pressure limited resolution. In these spectral ranges cold and hot bands involving the bending-stretching combination levels have been analyzed up to high J values. Anharmonic quartic resonances for the combination levels ν1 + mν4 + nν5, ν2 + mν4 + (n + 2) ν5 and ν3 + (m − 1) ν4 + (n + 1) ν5 have been studied, and the l-type resonances within each polyad have been explicitly taken into account in the analysis of the data. The least-squares refinement provides deperturbed values for band origins and rotational constants, obtained by fitting rotation lines only up to J ≈ 20 with root mean square errors of ≈ 0.0003 cm−1. The band origins allowed us to determine a number of the anharmonicity constants xij0.  相似文献   

19.
The influence of molecular properties on the rotational viscosity, γ1, of nematic liquid crystals is studied. The shear viscosity under flow alignment, ηs, is determined for the same liquid crystals. A significant correlation between both quantities is found. An equation is presented which allows the calculation of γ1 from ηs with an error of about 20 per cent for the liquid crystals studied.  相似文献   

20.
The synthesis and reactivity of {(η5-C5H4SiMe3)2Ti(CCSiMe3)2} MCl2 (M = Fe: 3a; M = Co: 3b; M = Ni: 3c) is described. The complexes 3 are accessible by the reaction of (η5-C5H4SiMe3) 2Ti(CSiMe3)2 (1) with equimolar amounts of MCl2 (2) (M = Fe, Co, Ni). 3a reacts with the organic chelat ligands 2,2′-dipyridyl (dipy) (4a) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) (4b) in THF at 25°C to afford in quantitative yields (η5-C5H4SiMe3)2Ti(CSiMe3)2 (1) and [Fe(dipy)2]Cl2 (5a) or [Fe(phen)2]Cl2 (5b). 1/n[CuIHal]n (6) or 1/n[AgIHal]n (7) (Hal = Cl, Br) react with {(η5 -C5H4SiMe3)2Ti(CCSiMe3)2}FeCl2 (3a), by replacement of the FeCl2 building block in 3a, to yield the compounds {(η5-C5H4SiMe3)2Ti(C CSiMe3)2}CuIHal (8) or {(η5-C5H4SiMe3)2Ti(CSiMe3)2}AgIHal (9) (Hal = Cl, Br), respectively. In 8 and 9 each of the two Me3SiCC-units is η2-coordinated to monomeric CuI Hal or AgIHal moieties. Compounds 8 and 9 can also be synthesized by the reaction of (η5-C5H4SiMe3)2 Ti(CSiMe3)2 (1) with 1/n[CuIHal]n (6) or 1/n [AgIHal]n (7) in excellent yields. All new compounds have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic data (IR, 1H-NMR, MS). The magnetic moments of compounds 3 were measured.  相似文献   

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