互感演示仪电路的优化设计

互感演示仪一直是大学物理教学中深受师生欢迎的演示仪器。本介绍了它的常规发射电路。重点阐述作通过理论和实践而对其发射电路进行了改进,改进后基电路简单,而且音质明显提高,减小了失真,演示效果明显增强。     

线性负电阻构成的新型LC振荡演示器

提出了利用负电阻电路作线性临界补偿构成的LC振荡电路形式,该电路用于电磁振荡演示具有起振容易,输出波形标准,演示直观等优点。     

混沌同步及混沌秘密通讯的电路演示

对T．L．Carroll提出的演示混沌同步的电路[4]进行了改进，提高了电路的振荡频率，使之可用于演示音频讯号的秘密通讯．     

微型固态特斯拉线圈尖端放电演示仪

微型固态特斯拉线圈尖端放电演示仪以RLC串联谐振为基本原理实现高压放电.振荡信号由555输出,以Mosfet驱动芯片TC4420构建驱动电路,功率电路采用MOS管IRFP460,音频采用电源调制方式.该仪器可以演示尖端放电现象、音乐电弧、荧光灯隔空点亮以及无线传电现象.演示实验装置采用模块化设计,体积小、功率低,既达到了演示效果,又保障了演示实验的安全性.     

“真空不能传播声音”实验改进

针对传统的"真空不能传播声音"实验的不足,利用注射器、LED等器件设计了演示电路.该电路利用注射器营造真空环境,放置在注射器中的音乐卡发出的声音随着注射器中的气压减小而变小,直至消失,由此演示出了真空不能传播声音的现象.     

插座式电路示教黑板

作为一种卓有实效的直观教具,电路示教板在物理教学的演示实验中,有着相当广泛的应用。如果分析一下在物理课堂上较常演示的电路,我们就会清楚地看出,大多数电路都是比较简单的,而且在不同电路之间多少总有一些相同或类似的地方。例如一般地说: 1.对于电路中的电源而言,每个电路都是     

一种新型自感现象演示器——全国第五届自制教具评选获奖作之七

1传统自感现象演示器 目前广泛使用的自感现象演示器和现行高中物理教材都是分别用图1、图2所示两个电路演示和讲授通电和断电自感现象的,这种演示方法往往会使学生形成一个电路只出现一种自感现象的错觉,不能准确地表现客观事实.此外,这种仪器还存在如下缺点:     

计滴器示教板

在进行电子学教学中,为了联系三极管的实际应用,启发学生思维,锻炼运用学过的理论知识进行电路分析的能力,我们结合医学应用,制作了电子管计滴器示教板。在学完放大器以后,作为电子管应用实例进行演示,然后让学生分析电路工作原理,通过演示和电路分析,不但了解计滴器原理和应用,同时加深了学生对自给栅偏压以及栅压控制板流作用的理解。此     

点接触转轴式"电流间相互作用"演示装置

为了演示“电流间通过磁场发生相互作用”实验,使用导线、铜片等简易材料设计并制作了点接触转轴式“电流间相互作用”演示装置,并介绍了可选的电源和电路.     

演示频率响应特性曲线的扫频振荡器

一般的电路,如串联谐振电路、并联谐振电路、电子管音频放大器、射频放大器等,其频率响应特性是说明频率对电路电流的或电压的影响的。课堂演示时,用普通的振荡器来逐点地改变频率,获得一条特性曲线需要很长的时间。若采用扫频振荡器,它能使振荡频率作周期性改变。这样,在课堂作演示时,就能迅速示出所要讲解的电路的频应特性。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.