干涉条纹自动计数系统的设计与研制

利用集成电路芯片结合光敏晶体管等器件设计并成功制作了一种自动化测量的干涉条纹计数仪器,以实现干涉条纹的自动测量、可逆计数显示等功能。设计方案包括基于光敏晶体管RPM-075PT获取光电信号,以集成电路ST288A准确判别干涉条纹的凹进冒出方向以反映等厚或等倾干涉中光程的变化情况,使用集成电路ICM7217A进行条纹可逆计数。进一步的,使用自带整形滤波功能芯片ST288A以简化方向判别电路及提高抗干扰能力。最后,实验测试结果表明本计数器全面满足干涉条纹的计数要求,可取代人工观测条纹计数,可广泛应用于高校实验、企业检测等应用干涉条纹计数的场景中。     

干涉条纹可逆计数系统

干涉条纹计数器在物理实验和光纤传感器中有广泛的应用,但一般的光电接收器只能记录条纹的总变化,而不能判断条纹移动的方向和移动的条数,这给一些应用带来了一定的困难。我们设计了一种干涉条纹可逆计数系统,既可以知道条纹变化多少,也可知道条纹移动的方向。     

基于Arduino单片机的双光纤双向干涉条纹计数器

介绍了一种基于Arduino单片机的双光纤双向干涉条纹计数器.该装置可根据干涉条纹的涌出和陷入实现条纹的双向计数.在干涉法测量金属热膨胀系数实验中,使用此计数器对条纹计数,具有成本低廉、操作简易、计数精度高、抗干扰能力强、反应时间短等优点.     

乌氏干涉测量的信息读取

针对乌氏干涉仪条纹信号调整难、用肉眼读数难等问题,提出将He-Ne激光作为乌氏干涉仪光源的设计,得到了高质量的干涉条纹信号,并采用光电转换方法将条纹移动信号转变为电信号实现了微位移的高精度测量。设计了光电信号检测电路,利用双门限整形电路标定出整形方波,克服了干涉信号在设定比较值附近抖动引起误处理的缺点;提出了辨向细分电路,在1路干涉条纹信号下,提取了具有正交性的2路电子信号,实现了干涉条纹的移动辨向与信号细分。按此方案设计并搭建了一套激光干涉检测实验装置,用2个计量差值为5μm的标准量块,对激光干涉检测装置进行了标定,在电路为4细分的情况下,该装置测量分辨率达79 nm;解决了乌氏干涉仪自动读数的问题,提高了乌氏干涉仪的测量精度和准确性。     

干涉条纹智能计数器的研制

设计了干涉条纹智能计数器,结合线胀系数测量实验验证了该仪器可实现干涉条纹的自动计数,具有计数准确、抗干扰能力强、价格低廉等优点.     

一种新型迈克尔逊干涉仪条纹计数器的设计

设计了一种简便的能自动适应不同背景光强的新型迈克尔逊干涉仪条纹计数器。利用光敏电阻将条纹的变化转化为电信号,同时检测出背景光,并利用减法器去掉背景,经施密特触发器整形后,送入单片机计数并显示。实验证明,本计数器原理简单,可以适应不同的背景光强,具有精确度高、操作简便可靠等优点。     

莫尔条纹软件计数法

针对常规莫尔条纹计数法中的缺陷 ,设计了一种软件计数法。软件计数具有可靠性高、适应性强、智能化程度高等特点。介绍了莫尔条纹软件计数的原理 ,以及基于 DSP的莫尔条纹信号软件计数的实现     

相位调制全光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪传感实验

使用单模石英光纤设计了相位调制全光纤M-Z干涉仪传感实验系统,采用CCD技术显示干涉条纹的空间分布及其移动情况,同时利用光电检测及可逆计数技术实现移动条纹的自动计数.利用该系统进行了光纤温度传感、光纤应变传感原理性实验测试.     

干涉条纹大数计数软件新方法及其实现

提出了一种根据干涉条纹信号过上升沿与下降沿阈值计数的异同及其起始和结束位置幅值判断的软件大数计数新方法,解决了在干涉条纹信号开始和结束位置可能出现±1计数误差的问题,进行了实现新计数方法的干涉测量实验。实验结果表明了该软件大数计数新方法的正确性。     

应用于增量式光电编码器的相关自适应滤波方法

为了改善增量式光电编码器的莫尔条纹光电信号质量,降低主计数信号中高次谐频的影响,提高信噪比达到输出稳定的正弦波形,本文深入地研究了莫尔条纹光电信号中的高频信号和噪音信号产生的原因及其相关自适应滤除方法.从宏观和微观两个方案分析光栅副的屏函数,研究莫尔条纹光电信号输出波形的不确定原因,并且提出采用相关自适应滤波方法将高频信号滤除保留原有基频信号.从相关自适应滤波的数学模型论证和推导该相关自适应滤波过程并讨论其自适应性.指出在设计该自适应滤波电路时需要重视的几个关键指标及其影响效果,完成相关自适应滤波的有效性分析.相关自适应滤波效果等价于一个中心频率为基频的窄带带通滤波器,当基频随机变化时其通带也会随之改变.通过相关自适应滤波技术较好地滤除计数信号中除基频外所有高频分量和放大电路所引入的加性高斯白噪音.实验证明：莫尔条纹光电信号的失真度被降低8倍相关自适应滤波方法能使莫尔条纹光电输出波形趋近于标准正弦波,获得更高的信噪比.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.