后退火处理对铟锡氧化物表面等离激元共振特性的影响

近年来,表面等离激元光子学发展迅速,并取得了众多新成果.重掺杂半导体材料的表面等离激元共振性质的研究,也得到了人们越来越多的关注.本文通过纳米球刻印技术制备准三维二氧化硅纳米球阵列,在阵列上沉积铟锡氧化物薄膜,通过不同条件下的后退火处理改变铟锡氧化物薄膜的载流子浓度和载流子迁移率,并研究随着材料性质的改变其相应表面等离激元共振特性的变化规律.结果表明：退火处理均使铟锡氧化物薄膜的晶粒长大,光学透过率增加;在空气中退火会导致铟锡氧化物薄膜的载流子浓度减少,其表面等离激元共振峰红移;而真空退火则使铟锡氧化物薄膜的载流子浓度增加,共振峰蓝移.这些研究结果可为后续铟锡氧化物表面等离激元材料及器件的研究提供科学依据和实际指导.     

Al纳米颗粒表面等离激元对ZnO光致发光增强的研究

基于聚苯乙烯球自组装法,在P型氮化镓(P-GaN)衬底上制备了有序致密的掩模板;采用热蒸发法在该模板上沉积金属Al薄膜,通过甲苯溶液去除聚苯乙烯球,得到了金属Al纳米颗粒阵列;采用原子层沉积法,在Al纳米颗粒阵列表面依次沉积氧化铝(Al_2O_3)和氧化锌(ZnO).通过测试Al纳米颗粒阵列的消光谱以及ZnO薄膜的光致发光谱,研究了Al纳米颗粒表面等离激元与ZnO薄膜激子之间的耦合效应.实验结果表明:引入Al纳米颗粒后,在约380 nm位置附近的ZnO近带边发光峰积分强度增强了1.91倍.对Al纳米颗粒表面等离激元增强ZnO光致发光的机理进行探讨.     

双金属纳米天线在少周期激光中的宽带超快电磁响应

研究了耦合的核壳双金属纳米粒子天线的光场增强与超快时域响应. 在少周期激光的应用中, 如表面等离激元金属纳米器件中的超快响应探测元件, 这种双金属天线展示了超宽带共振频谱及控制局域表面等离激元增强的能力. 研究了二聚体、三聚体以及七聚体, 并且发现三聚体Ag/Au核壳结构显现了极高的场增强能力, 其场振幅增强因子超过了120, 并在5 fs的时间内场振幅迅速衰减为30, 保持了超快的光学响应特性. 利用该结构的表面等离激元增强效应产生高次谐波, 对于产生超快阿秒脉冲有着潜在的重要应用价值. 关键词： 纳米光学天线 双金属球壳结构 少周期激光脉冲 表面等离激元     

多层金属纳米点阵的制备及其光学性质的研究

采用纳米球刻蚀法结合热蒸发技术制备了银和氧化硅交替层叠的纳米颗粒阵列. 扫描隧道显微镜测量结果表明, 该纳米阵列呈锥形多层结构. 分光光度计测量样品表明, 该纳米阵列在近红外波段存在明显的透射谷, 该透射谷来源于金属纳米颗粒局域等离激元的激发, 随着金属/介质层数的增多, 透射谷的位置向短波方向移动. 利用HFSS软件对该纳米阵列进行了仿真, 并分析了透射谷蓝移的原因. 关键词： 纳米球刻蚀技术 金属/介质纳米颗粒 表面等离子激元     

金属纳米球-纳米圆盘结构中表面等离激元共振模式的电磁场增强研究

表面等离激元自诞生以来已有一百多年的历史,并逐渐形成了一门新的学科——表面等离激元光子学.位于金属纳米结构中的局域表面等离激元可产生非常显著的近表面电场增强,并成功应用于诸多研究领域当中,而对局域表面等离激元与外界入射光中磁场的相互作用的研究则相对较少.该研究在前期已有的研究基础之上模拟计算了金属纳米球-纳米圆盘结构间...     

具有金纳米小球覆盖的超导纳米线条的Ⅰ～Ⅴ特性

我们利用电磁场仿真软件CST分别对单个金纳米小球,单层纳米球和双层纳米球阵列在可见光波段的光吸收特性进行了仿真,所得结果与参考文献中实验数据一致,证明了方法的正确性.在此基础上对仿真结果进行了定性的分析,给出了影响纳米球等离激元谐振波长和吸收效率的因素.最后,我们将金纳米小球应用到超导单光子探测器中,测量了有金纳米颗粒和无金纳米颗粒时超导纳米线临界电流的变化,观察到金纳米颗粒表面等离激元共振引起的临界电流的大幅度变化,结合仿真,对实验测量结果给出了合理的解释.     

银纳米颗粒阵列的表面增强拉曼散射效应研究

利用具有高密度拉曼热点的金属纳米结构作为表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底,可以显著增强吸附分子的拉曼信号.本文通过阳极氧化铝模板辅助电化学法沉积制备了高密度银(Ag)纳米颗粒阵列;利用扫描电子显微镜和反射谱表征了样品的结构形貌和表面等离激元特性;用1, 4-苯二硫醇(1, 4-BDT)为拉曼探针分子,研究了Ag纳米颗粒阵列的SERS效应.通过优化沉积时间,制备出高SERS探测灵敏度的Ag纳米颗粒阵列,检测极限可达10~(-13)mol/L;时域有限差分法模拟结果证实了纳米颗粒间存在强的等离激元耦合作用,且发现纳米颗粒底端的局域场增强更大.研究结果表明Ag纳米颗粒阵列可作为高效的SERS基底.     

表面增强光学力与光操纵研究进展

金属纳米结构在光激发下产生的表面等离激元,可导致亚波长光场局域、近场增强等效应,在表面增强光谱、超灵敏传感、微流控芯片、光学力等方面有重要的应用.对于光学力而言,首先,由于表面等离激元共振及其导致的电场增强对于入射波长、几何结构等具有较强的依赖性,而光学力又与电场分布密切相关,所以可利用光镊(会聚光束)来操纵或筛选金属纳米颗粒;其次,入射光激发金属纳米颗粒聚集体后,在间隙形成的较大的近场增强和梯度,也可看作一种"等离激元镊",用于操纵其他颗粒;最后,当入射光的偏振改变甚至为新型光束的情况下,光学操纵将具有更高的自由度.本文首先简要介绍了表面等离激元增强光学力的计算;之后围绕光镊作用于等离激元金属纳米颗粒,等离激元镊作用于其他颗粒,与偏振、新型光场或手性结构相关的等离激元光学力这三个方面,综述了近年来表面等离激元金属纳米颗粒光学力和光操纵的一些新进展;最后提出了表面增强光学力与光操纵的若干研究趋势.     

基于表面等离激元光镊的新型纳米热源研究

针对纳米尺度热现象研究的需求,基于表面等离激元光镊对金纳米颗粒的动态操控能力,设计了一种实时、动态、可控的纳米热源。利用有限元法对光镊系统中金纳米颗粒的光热效应与表面等离激元电磁场强度的关系进行了模拟,阐明了由于表面等离激元和局域表面等离激元的耦合作用导致的电磁场能量聚集和增强,以及同时实现的金属纳米颗粒的光热效应;分析了在该光镊系统捕获金属颗粒过程中颗粒所产生的热效应,并由此得到了实时控制纳米热源热功率的方法。在理论研究的基础上设计实验并证实了该光镊系统中金纳米颗粒基于光热效应的加热能力。结合表面等离激元光镊系统对纳米热源的精确定位操控能力,该系统为纳米尺度热现象的研究提供了灵活而可靠的手段。     

表面等离激元纳米阵列结构传感器的集成化和小型化研究

表面等离激元由于其异常的光学特性在高灵敏度传感领域有着广泛的应用前景。然而,传统棱镜式表面等离激元传感器由于庞大的体积和昂贵的成本限制了其进一步发展。表面等离激元金属纳米阵列结构传感器的出现为实现低成本、小型化和集成化的表面等离激元传感器提供了一条有效的解决途径。文章首先总结了表面等离激元纳米阵列结构传感器的发展现状和应用优势,然后主要介绍了近期作者课题组在表面等离激元传感器小型化、集成化、低成本方面的一些工作。这些工作对推动表面等离激元传感理论的发展,实现金属纳米阵列传感技术器件化具有较为重要的现实意义。     

A nanohole in a thin metal film as an efficient nonlinear optical element

The nonlinear optical properties of single nanoholes and nanoslits fabricated in gold and aluminum nanofilms are studied by third harmonic generation (THG). It is shown that the extremely high third-order optical susceptibility of aluminum and the presence of strong plasmon resonance of a single nanohole in an aluminum film make possible an efficient nanolocalized radiation source at the third harmonic frequency. The THG efficiency for a single nanohole in a thin metal film can be close to unity for an exciting laser radiation intensity on the order of 10¹³ W/cm².     

Surface-enhanced optical third-harmonic generation in Ag island films

Surface-enhanced optical third-harmonic generation (THG) is observed in silver island films. The THG intensity from Ag nanoparticles is enhanced by more than 2 orders of magnitude with respect to the THG intensity from a smooth and homogeneous silver surface. This enhancement is attributed to a local plasmon excitation and resonance of the local field at the third-harmonic wavelength. The diffuse and depolarized component of the enhanced THG is associated with the third-order hyper-Rayleigh scattering in a two-dimensional random array of silver nanoparticles.     

光合色素分子吸附膜的非线性增强效应

吸附在光学表面上的细菌叶绿素和藻兰素生物分子膜.在基波(λ=1.06μm)激光作用下,观察到谐波效应.文中对藻兰素只产生三次谐波而不产生二次谐波做了分析.     

KDP晶体三倍频实验和分析

报道了ＫＤＰ晶体中的三倍频产生的实验研究，计算了比较了直接三倍频过程和级联过程对ＫＤＰ晶体三阶有效非线性系数的贡献，并探讨了ＫＤＰ作为非线性晶体材料三阶非线性系数测量基准的可行性。     

Second- and third-harmonic generations for a nondilute suspension of coated particles with radial dielectric anisotropy

We derive expressions for the effective nonlinear susceptibility tensors for both the second harmonic generation (SHG) and induced third harmonic generation (THG) of nonlinear composite materials, in which nondilute coated particles with radial dielectric anisotropy are randomly embedded in the linear host. Two types of coated particles are considered. The first is that the core possesses a second order nonlinear susceptibility and the shell is linear and radially anisotropic, while the second is that the core is linear with radial anisotropy and the shell has a second order nonlinear susceptibility. We observe greatly enhanced SHG and THG susceptibilities at several surface plasmon resonant frequencies. For the second model, due to the coating material being metallic, there exists two fundamental resonant frequencies ω_c1 and ω_c2, whose difference ω_c2-ω_c1 is strongly dependent on the interfacial parameter and the radial dielectric anisotropy. Furthermore, in both systems, the adjustment of the dielectric anisotropy results in larger enhancement of both SHG and induced THG susceptibilities at surface plasmon resonant frequencies than the corresponding isotropic systems. Therefore, both the core-shell structure and the dielectric anisotropy play important roles in determining the nonlinear enhancement and the surface resonant frequencies.     

Diagnostic study of the roughness surface effect of zirconium on the third-order nonlinear-optical properties of thin films based on zinc oxide nanomaterials

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and zirconium doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Zr) thin films were deposited by reactive chemical pulverization spray pyrolysis technique on heated glass substrates at 500 °C using zinc and zirconium chlorides as precursors. Effects of zirconium doping agent and surface roughness on the nonlinear optical properties were investigated in detail using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and third harmonic generation (THG) technique. The best value of nonlinear optical susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ was obtained from the doped films with less roughness. A strong third order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ = 20.12 × 10⁻¹² (esu) of the studied films was found for the 3% doped sample.     

Effects of deposition temperature on the surface roughness and the nonlinear optical susceptibility of sprayed deposited ZnO:Zr thin films

Zirconium doped zinc oxide thin films were deposited by reactive chemical pulverization spray pyrolysis technique on heated glass substrates at 400 °C, 450 °C and 500 °C using zinc and zirconium chlorides as precursors. The effect of zirconium dopant and surface roughness on the nonlinear optical properties was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and third harmonic generation (THG). The best value of susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ was obtained from the doped films with less roughness. A strong third order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ = 20.49 × 10⁻¹² (esu) of the studied films was found for the 5% doped sample at 450 °C.     

Influence of strain/stress on the nonlinear-optical properties of sprayed deposited ZnO:Al thin films

Nanocrystalline ZnO:Al thin films were deposited by reactive chemical pulverization spray pyrolysis technique on heated glass substrates at 450 °C to study their crystalline structure, composition, strain, stress, roughness characteristics and nonlinear optical susceptibility as a function of Al concentration (0, 2, 3, 5 at.%). The films were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), EDAX 9100 analyser, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and third harmonic generation (THG). The Al (3 at.%) doped ZnO thin films exhibited the lower strain/stress than undoped films. The nonlinear properties of the ZnO:Al thin films have been found to be influenced by the films strain/stress.     

Second harmonic generation with surface plasmons in alkali metals

We calculate the reflected second harmonic light from alkali metal films with the simultaneous excitation of the surface plasmon mode. The harmonic generation from a sodium film at the ruby laser frequency increases by over two orders of magnitude at the angle for surface plasmon excitation. The harmonic enhancement is closely related to the surface plasmon density and exhibits a strong dependence on the angle of incidence, film thickness, and the linear optical constants of the metal film.     

空气中等离子光栅诱导探测光丝三次谐波辐射放大的实验研究

对探测光丝的不同位置与等离子光栅相互作用和探测光丝作用到等离子光栅不同位置引起三次谐波的增强进行了实验研究.研究发现,探测光丝的三次谐波信号强度对于探测光丝不同位置与等离子光栅相互作用和等离子光栅内部钳制的激光强度具有极强的依赖关系.与等离子光栅相互作用,三次谐波信号与等离子光栅基波信号的相位匹配与否是解释探测光丝三次谐波信号强度变化的关键.控制探测光丝以小角度与等离子光栅相互作用是实现探测光丝三次谐波信号有效放大的最佳途径.